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英文原文THE 6 LAYERS STEREO GARAGE DESIGN BASED ON OMRON PLCZhuoran Zhang Department of Electrical & Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan, China E-mail: Harry Zhe Mao, Hailing Wan Department of Electrical & Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan, China E-mail:maozhe998 Abstractwith the development of the modern society, the number of the vehicles in these cities has been increasing with an exponential speed; especially the private cars, putting a great pressure on urban transportation and parking slot. This article is mainly concerned about the entire structure, running procedure and electrical system design including hardware and program design ideas for lifting-traversing stereo garage, which will not only shorten the developing period but also orient parking to centralization and automation direction; Owning some reference value.Keywords- Stereo Garage, Omron PLC, DesignInsufficient parking slots is resulted from the development of the cities, economy and transportation of the cities, the traditional garages are always making the use of the nature vacancy, in a community, the ratio between parking slots and residents is approximately 1:1, one parking slot for a family at least, in order to solve the contradiction that the parking slots using precious commercial land, the stereo mechanical garages with the advantage of the average parking slot takes of less area have been gradually in front of us. Compared with the traditional underground parking garage, the stereo garages have more advantages. First of all, the stereo garages can save more area. The traditional ways must be amassed driving path for vehicles, averagely, a car will take up 40m2 If we take multi-layers garage (6 layers) in to consideration, it is possible for 13 cars to park in the area of 50m2, which will save lots of land resources and land construction expenditure. Meanwhile, the stereo garage could guarantee the safety of the people and their cars. If there is anybody in the garage or the cars are not fully stopped, the system controlled by electrical equipment will not run either. It means that, in the scale of the management, the mechanical garage could separate the people and vehicles, which makes it more systematically. Especially for underground garages, install this kind of garage will save a large area of illumination system, so it is also emerge conservation and environment protection.THE CLASSIFICATION AND IMPLEMENT BACKDROP OF THE STEREO GARAGEA.THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE STEREO GARAGEAccording to the present development of the stereo garage, the stereo garage is including lifting-traversing, roadway stacking, vertical lifting, vertical circulating, circle level circulation; The concept of the stereo garage is all from automatic logistic material transmitting system. 3The purpose of the stereo garage is to solve the parking problem in developed cities, that is make use of limited area to park more vehicles so as to save land resources of the cities and manage the static transportation of the urban. This article gives out a way to design lifting-traversing stereo garage based on Omron PLC CP1H, which could extend to solve relevant projects.B. A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO LIFTING-TRAVERSING STEREO GARAGE.The modularization concept is imported in lifting-traversing stereo garage. It can be designed into two to five layers or half underground type, the number of the slot is from tens to hundreds. This kind of garage is suitable for both above ground and underground, the characteristics could be generalized as less occupation of land, simple structure, flexible configuration, lower cost in construction, decoration and fire protection and short period of construction; Safe and convenient for saving and taking cars; Smoothly operation, lower noise during running. 4 It is also appropriate for commercial, bureau and residential use. The safety equipment mainly is photoelectrical sensors, limiting displacement protector and emergency switch.C. THE ENTIRE FRAME OF THE SYSTEMAs the fig. l representing, besides the central controller PLC, the stereo garage system could be divided into three sections: I. Mechanical System; It includes column, beam, carrying board, vehicle frame, hooks and etc. II. Electrical System; this section is the core of this article, which controls the whole system to operate. III. Touching Panel; it is the port from which operators and the system exchanging messages, operators could not only operate the system, but also in the situation of the malfunction, it could let operator enter the manual or debugging mode.Figure 1. The structure of the system Figure 2. Touch Screen (Auto running and Manual) THE MAIN HARDWARE OF THE SYSTEMWe mainly use the Omron PLC CPH1, on considering the control requirement and the cost, we adopting CP1HX40DR-A PLC, the programming ways are ladder diagram or ST instruction list. The instruction length is 1 to 7 steps per instruction, each I/O relays has 1600 ports, USB 1.1 for communication.The display part, we import screen of WEINVIEW MT6056i series, the screen material is TFT, 5.6 inches, and the resolution is 320x234, with USB2.0 port supporting downloading. The frequency of the CPU is 400 MHz, 128RAM.D.THE SYSTEM STR UCTURE AND FUNCTIONSThe mechanical parts cooperating with electrical system are carrying board, hooks and chains. There are 6 slots on each layer besides 7 slots on the top layer, totally 37 slots, the purpose for one slot empty on each layer is that making enough space for carrying board to move. The carrying boards of the first floor only design to traverse, also the top floor carrying boards are only supposed to lift. The other carrying boards among these floors are designed to life and traverse. In this way, this system could achieve the saving and taking from any slots among these 6 layers.In addition, this system has a touch screen system, which switches between auto run and manual debugging mode. Under the auto run mode, it could select a certain slot to accomplish saving and taking behavior, at the same time, monitoring the operation of the system. (Green words System Running in auto mode without malfunction). When failure occurs, the system seized and on screen flashing yellow failure code with red backdrop, with the help of the failure code, the professional operator could recognize and eliminate the failures promptly and accurately. On considering more authorities are given in manual debugging mode, to preclude unprofessional persons enter the mode by chance, before enter the mode, there is a cipher verification, in which the sequence could be set by ourselves. This would protect the system from potential dangers.Figure 2 is the graph of system auto running, manual and debugging. . THE COMPOSURE OF THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEMA. STRONG ELECTRICITY SYSTEMThe strong power system includes power supply, protection and driving mechanism, here is electronic motors. Installing XJ3-D on the forepart of the power supply wire, which is used to protect phase sequence of the three-phase voltage, so that guarantee the right rotation of the motors. Moreover, the motors on some layers use the same three-phase voltage.B.THE SET OF THE MOTORSThere are 6 traversing motors on the first layer, 6 traversing motors for 2 to 5 layers each, and so it is with lifting motors for 2 to 5 layers. The top layers have only 7 lifting motors. After setting the motors, mark every motor. For example, the motor driving the third slot of the second layer, we mark it with 23, the relay before the motor are named KM23. Here series connect all the motors thermal protection, any motors problem will stop the system. In this way, it has no influence on the stability of the system, but lowers the cost. At the same time, make it easier to find the problems. (What we need to do is press the thermal protection switch one by one).C .WEAK POWER SYSTEMThe weak power system is also the control system, which are mainly the PLC mode and its 5 extended modules, also the sensors. As the figure below, on the right is the input part, DC 24V, on the left, is the output section, AC 220V, to connect with contactors and drive them. These devices functions have close relationships with the entire systems control requirements. On the above of the graph, the protection equipment are emergency switch, installed beside the touching panel, emergency only, trigger it, the system stops; Front and back photoelectrical sensors, which are used to detect people or unidentified objects breaking into the system, if this happens, the system would stop then response with photoelectrical failure, the goal is to protect the people and the vehicles. The phase sequence protection has been illustrated before; Over current protection normally activated under the motor stuck; All the margin switches series connected, cult the main power when any carrying board exceed the limiting position.Limit switches including up ones and down ones or left and right limit switches. In order to achieve the controlling requirements, the level limit switches are installed on the both side of the each slot frame, while the vertical limit switches are installed on the chain which attached to the motor. It is necessary to point out that the first layer only installed down and left right limit switches, the top layer only installed up switches these switches could sense the position of the carrying boards, helping to finish the lifting and traversing control; Hook position sensors is to fix the vehicles and sense the slot empty or not.The output points00 04 05 06 07 are to select different phase for each layer, so control the motors rotation ways.Figure 3. PLC Modules (Segment)There are other 4 extended modules, which only give more I/O ports to the system, similar to this main part. . OPERATION PROCEDUREA. TAKING PROCEDUREAs far as the first layer concerned, it is only designed to traverse, so as to make space to upper layers carrying boards to move downward. So do the other layers, which are designed to traverse. When traversing meet the requirements, lifting mechanism will run to put the carrying board down, finishing the saving and taking procedure. During the procedure the photoelectrical sensors are open and will behave as fore part has explained. In figure 2A, is the taking condition, at this time Loading will flash until the taking procedure finishes.When we enter 51, the system will distinguish whether the operation is a taking or a saving according to the hook of the 51 slot. Then prints the message responded to the state of the hook on the screen, the operator could confirm the operation or cancel it. On confirming, the 51 carrying board will wait for its downward boards to finish the traversing move then moving down. In addition, a timer is added to this control module in order to preclude level limit switches malfunction, resulting into the traversing move time up. If the time for traversing move exceeds the set time, the system will warn the operator traversing move time up which displays on the screen, the operator could check out the failure. The up limit switches are used to sense whether the carrying boards are stopped at their routine slots, which the level switches cant finish. Maybe one carrying board stuck between two layers. Only do all the upper layers carrying boards stop at their routine slots, the selected carrying boards lifting move is activated. A timer is also set into the lifting control, with the same function as traversing timer. The elevator carries the vehicle down to the ground, release the hook, now the photoelectrical signal shut down, and waiting for the owners to take their vehicle. On driving away the vehicle and operators confirming the photoelectrical signal resumes, the carrying board back to its slot from the down way.Figure 4. The flowchart of the taking and saving procedureB. SAVING PROCEDUREThe saving process is based on taking procedure, so they are familiar; the only difference is the hook move. . SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING AND PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENTA.SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT AND ITS LANGUAGEIn this system, we choose Omron CX-ONE 3.0 to program the PLC. The language for programming is classic ladder diagram. On considering the stereo garages are installed in different condition and requirement of different users, the scale of the stereo garages should be flexible, for example different layers or slots. In order to meet the different scales requirements, the program is modularized, only need to change the I/O ports, the logical relations in the ladder diagram are fixed. In this way, it is not only with highly compatibility but also shortens the period to develop relevant designs and make it easier to debugging and repair.B.MODULARIZED PROGRAMConditional jumps are widely used in the programming; the entire program consists of different modules, on certain conditions, the program jumps.As illustrated before, there are only two movements for a carrying board, lifting or traversing, beside the boards of first and top layers. The condition for the fifth could traverse is all the upper layers slots up limiting switches closed. Then Traverse OK is activated, and then the program will make analysis of the operation until meet set conditions, the program jumps. For the lifting movements are always with the downward movements, so program the downward standards, the system will run. The entire program is programmed with this method, above the passage, is only a traversing OK and vertical move OK module. Similarly, modules of a fixed slot, for example slot 21. 21 Traversing Move, 21 Vertical Move; for whole system, Emergency Stop and Protection, Button Select, System Monitor and Debugging modules, which cooperate with each other to accomplish the control and monitor.Figure 5. Monitoring and Display module (Segment)Fig. 5 is the segment program of the monitoring module, all the motors protection series connected, so are the phase sequence protection and margin switches. Any of them change; PLC will transfer messages to the screen, which displays. Meanwhile, cults off the main KM, the system stops. .A BRIEF SUMMARYThis paper introduces lift shifting type six floors of three-dimensional garage design method based on Omron CP1HX40DR-A controller, completing the requirements of three-dimensional garage for city vehicle management toward the direction of automation and centralization. This design can be used to restore occupied pavement, reduce preempting, and ensure safety, in addition that it could reduce traffic congestion time, reducing the injury. On this basis, the problem has been thoroughly eliminated, including various vehicles disorderly stopping and parting in disorder, and the appearance of parking places with dirty, disorderly and poor, thus protecting vehicles away from lost, being damaged and stolen. Finally, the road is giving back to the vehicles and pedestrians, the lawn to the green space, the environment of the neat civilization life to the modern metropolis.The development cycle has been greatly shortened, based on the design about three-dimensional garage design of PLC controller. This is also a kind of inevitable of the electrification, digital and automation advancement. The thoughts and methods of this design can be applied to other scale garage and relevant problems of design.REFERENCES1 1 Huo Gang. Application and programmer of the CP1HPLC. China Machine Press M, 2009.12 2 Omron Power program. Omron Corporation (China), 20083 3 BoSen Ren.General situation of Chinese mechanical parking equipment. Celebrated manufacturers of parking equipment and peripherals directory J :PP5-74 4 Lekang Yu Dongxiao Zuo.The development of mechanical parking. J Technology and management of construction machinery. 1999 1:PP 30-325 5 Fuen Zhang Younai Wu.Principle design set up and maintenance of AC variable speed elevator. M China Machine Press 1999 中文译文基于欧姆龙可编程序控制器的6层立体车库设计Zhuoran Zhang 电气工程 武汉理工大学 武汉，中国电子邮件：Harry Zhe Mao, Hailing Wan 电气工程 武汉理工大学 武汉，中国电子邮件：maozhe998摘要：随着现代社会的快速发展，许多城市的车辆数量正在一直以指数的速度快速增加，特别是私家车。这些情况对这些城市交通和停车造成了巨大的压力。这篇文章主要内容是关注立体车库的整个结构，运行程序和电气系统的设计等方面，其中包括硬件方案的设计思路，以及提升立体车库整体性能。这不仅将能缩短立体车库的开发周期，也促进停车场向集中化和自动化方向发展,对立体车库设计有一定的参考价值。关键词：立体车库，欧姆龙PLC，设计停车位不足是导致城市经济和交通的发展放缓的主要原因之一，而传统车库的一直使用是导致停车位不足的重要因素。在一个社区中停车位和居民家庭比例约为1:1，也就是一个家庭中至少有一个停车位，而为了解决这一矛盾而使用宝贵的商业用地是不可取的。在停车场中立体机械车库的主要优势就是相同车位的停车场需要的占地面积较少，这一优势已经逐步在我们面前展现出来。相比与传统的地下停车场车库，立体车库有更多的优势。首先，立体车库可以节省更多的占地面积。以传统的方法停车的停车场必须考虑车辆的行驶轨迹问题，而平均一辆车需要至少40平方米进行停车操作。如果我们考虑使用地是多层的立体车库（6层），有可能停放在该区域的车辆可达13辆，而占地面积仅为50平方米，这将节省大量宝贵的土地资源和土地建设成本。同时，立体车库能保证他人和汽车的安全。如果在车库有任何人活动或汽车没有完全停止，电气设备的控制系统将无法正常运行。这意味着，在规模的机械车库管理时可实现人车分离，这使得立体车库更自动化，特别是对于地下车库。安装这种车库的地下停车场将省去大面积的照明系统，因此它的出现可以节约大量的能源并可以保护周边的环境免遭破坏。.立体车库的背景分类与实现A.立体车库的分类根据现在立体车库的发展，可将它分为巷道堆垛式立体车库，垂直升降式立体车库，垂直循环式式立体车库，圆形水平循环式立体车库等。立体车库的概念是从自动化的物料传送系统演变而来。3立体车库的使用目的是为了解决停车难的问题，尤其在发达的城市中，这是为了使有限的区域内停放更多的车辆，以节省发达城市的土地资源的静态交通管理系统。本文提出了一个简单的方式来设计基于欧姆龙可编程序控制器CP1H的立体升降车库，这可以扩展到解决相关项目的立体车库设计难题。B.简要介绍了升降横移立体车库模块化设计在进口的升降横动立体车库设计中是很重要的。它可以设计为两到五层或半地下型车库，车位的数目可以从几十到几百个。这种车库合适于地上和地下建造车库的特点，它的优点可概括为占用土地少，操作简单，结构配置灵活，建设成本更低，装饰防火和建设周期短，安全方便存储汽车;使操作更为顺畅，降低运行时的噪音。4这也是适用于商业，办公室和住宅的使用。立体车库的安全设备主要是光电传感器，限制位移保护和紧急开关等。C.整个系统的框架由图l表示，除了中央控制器PLC，立体车库系统还可以被分为三个部分：一，机械系统，它包括柱，梁，承载板，车架，吊钩等。二，电动系统，这部分是本文的核心，它控制整个系统的正常运作。三， 触摸面板，它是用户和系统交换消息的设备，用户不仅操作该系统，还可以在故障的情况下让操作员输入命令或进入调试模式。 图1。系统的结构 图2。 触摸屏（自动运行和手动）该系统的主要硬件我们主要使用欧姆龙可编程序控制器CPH1，在考虑控制要求和硬件成本的问题上，我们采用CP1H-X40DR-A PLC的编程方法可使用梯形图或ST指令列表。指令的长度是1到7的步骤指令，每个I/O继电器有1600个端口，使用USB 1.1接口进行通信。显示部分，我们使用屏幕型号是WEINVIEWMT6056i系列型号，屏幕材质为TFT，尺寸大小为5.6英寸，使用USB2.0端口，屏幕支持的分辨率为320X234，下载程序的CPU的频率是400 MHz，运行内存为128RAM。D.该系统的结构和功能机械零件中与电气系统合作的是承载板、挂钩和链条。各层上除了7层以外有六个插槽,一共有37个插槽、在每一个阶层上都有一个空的位置的目的是拥有足够的空间来使装载板移动。承载板的一层设计用来来回移动,同样顶楼承载板也应该仅用来提升。另一个承载板在这些楼层中是为了提升和横移。通过这种方式,该系统可以实现节约和降低其中6层中的任何空位。此外，该系统还具有的触摸屏系统，其中系统还可以在自动运行和手动调试模式之间切换。在自动运行模式下，它可以让用户选择某个位置的停车位完成保存的行为，同时还可以监测系统的运行。 （系统显示绿字“系统运行”，表示系统在自动模式下无故障，可正常运行）。当系统发生故障时，系统检测后并在屏幕上显示为闪烁的黄色和故障代码，用红色背景，借助故障代码，专业的操作员可以识别故障代码并及时准确地消除故障。上述考虑情况现在越来越多的部门在手动调试的模式进行停车，以排除非专业人士进入该模式的机会，所以在此之前，输入模式并有一个密码验证，该序密码可以由自己设定。这将保护系统免受潜在的危险，方便维修人员维修。图2是曲线图，系统自动运行和手动调试。II.对电气系统的分类强电系统高效的动力系统包括电源系统，保护系统和驱动机制，这就是电机。安装XJ3-D对早期的电源配线，可以用来保护的三相的相序电压，使保证电机的右旋转。此外，这也使每些层上使用的电动机拥有相同的三相电压。电机的布置在第一层上有6个横动电机，在2到5层有6个横动电机，因此在2到5层有起重电机，顶层部分只有7台起重电机。布置完成后，对每个电机进行标记。例如，电动机在第二层的第三个时隙时，我们把它标记为“23”，电机前的继电器命名KM23。在此系列连接所有的电动机都进行热保护，任何电机的问题都会导致系统出现问题。在这运行方式下，它具有的系统稳定性并没有受影响，但这也可以使整个系统的建造成本大大降低了。同时，维修人员可以更容易地找到问题。（我们需要做的是将每个热保护开关一个一个地连接）。弱电系统弱电系统也就是控制系统，主要包括PLC模块和5个扩展模块和传感器模块。如下图所示，右边是输入部分，电压为直流24V，在左侧为输出部分，电压为交流220V，并把他们连接起来。 这些设备的控制要求与整个系统的功能有密切的关系。在上述的曲线图中，上述的保护设备安装紧急开关，旁边触摸面板安装有紧急触发装置，按下后系统将迅速停止。正面和背面安装有光电传感器