数词详解及练习.ppt

数词详解及练习,一、数词的分类 1、基数词 1）2199 的两位数，在十位数和个位数之间加连字符构成；例如： 53 fifty-three 2）101999 的三位数由 hundred 加 and 再加两位数或末位数；例如： 325 three hundred and twenty-five 3）基数词 hundred, thousand , million, billion表示确切数目时不能加s；例如： five thousand students (五千个学生) 但是：在表示不确切数目时，要用复数形式，如： hundreds of / thousands of students（许多学生）,1. There are two _ of people in the room. 2. In the first few days after its opening, _ of people went there. Ascores Bscore,score 作“二十”解；但scores of 则为固定词组，作“许多”解。 score的用法与dozen, hundred, thousand, million, billion相同，即与具体的数字连用时，不加s , 泛指时，加s , 与of 连用；例如： He has been there scores of times. 他已去过那里许多次了。 Five score years ago there was a zoo here. 一百年前这儿有一个动物园。 The old lady bought 3 score of those eggs,A,B, dozen 一打、十二（个）；这个词的用法与score很相似，但需要注意以下三点： 当dozen与数词或many, several 等连用时，不加s；例如： five dozen people(60个人) two (many、several) dozen pencils 两（好多、几）打铅笔 但是在表示部分概念时则要加of；例如： I want 3 dozen of these eggs dozen后加s时，常与of连用，修饰复数名词； dozens of 译作“好几十、许多”，前面通常不用基数词。 We had to have dozens of chairs for the party. 我们必须为聚会准备几十把椅子。 Ive been there dozens of times. 我曾去过那儿很多次。, scores of；dozens of两者表示的都是虚数“很多”之意，只是前者比后者要多一些，因为他们本身表示的数目不一样。,1. _ children were there. A. Three dozens B. Two dozen of C. A dozens of D. Dozens of 2. Now there are _ man-made satellites moving round the earth. A. several scores of B. several score of C. several dozens of D. several dozen of 3. Shortly after the accident， two _ police were sent to the spot to keep order. A. dozen of B. dozens C. dozen D. dozens of 4. Ive already bought _ those pencils in the shop near my home. A. two dozen B. two dozens C. two dozen of D. two dozens of 5. Mr. Smith _ me to buy several _ eggs for the dinner party. A. asked; dozen B. suggested; dozens of C. had; dozen D. persuaded; dozens,2、序数词 1）序数词一般由基数词后 + th构成，前面一般加定冠词the，例如： He was first in the race. The girl came out first/second in the contest. 2）以ty结尾的基数词构成序数词时，先把y改成i，再加eth。例如： the twentieth ；the fiftieth 3）不规则的序数词有以下几个： first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth 4）“二十”以上的多位数，个位数用序数词，其余仍用基数词。例如： ninety-third ; one hundred and forty-ninth 5）基数词与序数词连用时，通常是序数词在前。例如： the first two pages of the book（这本书的前两页）,3、其他几种数词 1）分数由基数词和序数词合成，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母的序数词要用复数形式。如： one (a) third ; two thirds ; one and two-thirds ; 但 one (a) half ; one (a) quarter / one (a) fourth ; three quarters 注意：a year and a half/one and a half years（一年半） 2）小数点读point；“零”读o字母读音或zero；小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出。如： 0. 62-zero point six two 3）百分数由per cent（percent）表示： 29% - 29 percent,二、数词在句中的作用 1、主语： Two of them are teachers. The third is green. 2、定语： There are fifty students in our class. They live on the third floor. 3、宾语： Give me two. Give me the second. 4、表语： Im eighteen now. You are the first to speak at the meeting. 5、同位语： You may leave it to us two. 6、状语： This room is one-sixth larger than that one.,三、时间表示法 1、钟点 1）正读法按时间表上的数字读；先读钟点数，后读分钟数。如： 10：20ten twenty / 8：36eight thirty-six 2）表示几点过几分，用介词past，多用在半小时以内（包括半小时）。分钟数在介词的前面，时钟数在介词的后面，采用倒读法。如： 9：30half past nine / 7：05five past seven 3）表示几点差几分，用介词to，多用在半小时以上（不包括半小时）。也用倒读法。如： 8：50ten to nine / 11：45a quarter to twelve 4）表示整点 8：00eight(oclock) 5）表示在某个钟点，用介词at。如： They begin to work at half past seven. （他们七点半开始工作。）,三、时间表示法 2、日期 1）年代用基数词，在某年要用介词in。如： He was born in 1983. （1983读成nineteen eighty-three） 2）月份首字母要大写，在某月也用介词in，如果有年代出现，在月份名后加年代，中间用逗号。如： It happened in January, 1999. （这事发生在1999年1月。） 3）日期用序数词（序数词前加the），在某日用介词on。如： on the first ;on the eighteenth,三、时间表示法 4）月日同时出现时可有两种表示法： 英国说法：顺序为先日后月。如： 4(th) May（五月四日 读成 the fourth of May） 美国说法：顺序为先月后日。如： May 4(th)（五月四日 读成 May the fourth） 表示在某月某日，不管用在前还是在后，都用介词on。如： The meeting will be held on March 9(th). Well leave for Shanghai on 8th June. 5)年月日同时出现时，年代位于最后，其前加逗号。如： Mary was born on January lst, 1990. 6)表示“在几十年代”用 in + the + 逢十的数词复数。如： in the 1990s / 90s / nineties,三、时间表示法 3、年龄 1）用基数词表示年龄。如： He is ten (years old). The baby is one year old. 2)表示“在某人的几十岁”时，可用介词 in + ones + 整十位数的复数形式。如： She is still in her twenties. （她才二十几岁。） 3）表示“一个九岁的男孩”，可以有多种表达法： a boy of nine, a boy of nine years old, a boy of nine years of age, a nine-year-old boy 注意：与基数词合成的定语，其中的名词用单数。如： a three-month-old baby, a five-year plan,四、编号表示法 1、用序数词 the first part ; the twenty-third section 2、用基数词 part one；page 125 ； (No. )183 Nanjing Road ；Lesson One ； the No. 3 bus ； Room 302, No. 3 middle School ； 电话号码：55369866,数词练习 1. _ martyrs have heroically laid down their lives for the people. a. Thousand upon thousand of b. Thousand and thousands of c. Thousands upon thousands of d. Thousand and thousand of 2. They received _ of letters about their TV programs. a. dozen b. dozen and dozen c score d. dozens 3. Who is that man,_ in the front row? a. one b. the one c. first d. the first 4. We have produced _ this year as we did in 1993. a. as much cotton twice b. as twice much cotton c. much as twice cotton d. twice as much cotton 5. The earth is about _ as the moon. a. as fifty time big b. fifty times as big c. as big fifty time d. fifty as times big,6. The population of many Alaskan cities has _ in the past three years. a. more than doubled b. more doubled than c. much than doubled d. much doubled than 7. The moon is about _ in diameter as diameter as the earth. a. one-three as large b. one three as large c. one-third as large d. one third as large 8. Five hundred yuan a month _ enough to live on. a. is b. are c. is being d. has been 9. _ of the buildings were ruined. a. Three fourth b. Three four c. Three-fourths d. Three-four 10. Consult _ for questions about earthquakes. a. the six index b. index six c. sixth index d. index numbering six,11. She went to the countryside _. a. in the morning at nine/on June first,1968 b. on June first,1968/in the morning at nine c. at nine in the morning/on June first,1968 d. on June first,1968/at nine in the morning 12. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth _ covered with water. a. are b. is c. were d. be 13.This month the production of stainless steel in our steelworks has increased _ 2,000 tons. a. with b. in c. on d. by 14. With the miniaturization of the structural components the weight of these electric devices has decreased _ 30 percent. a. as b. with c. in d. by 15.The Olympic Games are held _. a. every four years b. every four year c. every fourth years d. every four-years,16. As he is not in good health, he goes to his factory