世纪大学新英语读写译教程第三册课文翻译课件U.ppt

Unit 4 Famous People,Proverbs and Quotations,Fame is vapor, popularity an accident, riches take wings. Only one thing endures and that is character. Am. Horace Greeley 名誉是蒸汽，流行是机遇，财富会长翅膀。只有一样东西是永存的，那便是品格。（名利也者俱为傥来之物，过眼云烟，不朽者唯品格耳。） 美 霍勒斯格里利 Fame is something that must be won. Honor is something that must not be lost. Germ. Arthur Schopenhauer 名声这东西必得争取方可得到；荣誉这东西万万不可丢失。 德 亚瑟叔本华,Outline,Teaching Objectives,Part 1 Lead-in,Part 2 Reading FocusText A,Part 3 Integrated Exercises,Part 4 Reading FocusText B,Part 5 Intranet Assignments,Teaching Objectives,It is natural if you hold such famous people as Bill Gates in awe and equally understandable to wonder what are the contributing factors for his huge success. Fame or success never comes to people as a free gift. They can only be earned by people who possess special traits like strong will or readiness to sacrifice ones personal interest. In this unit, we are going to read two texts. Text A provides us with an intimate look at Bill Gates, one of the most important minds and personalities of our era. Text B tells a brief but touching story about Florence Nightingales life.,By learning this unit, students will be able to grasp the main idea and structure of the texts, master the key language points, new words, grammatical structures and translation skills. And students will also be able to improve their oral communication skills and reading competence through performing the relevant tasks. Writing Focus in this unit looks at how to write formal and informal invitations as well as how to respond to them appropriately. Through learning this part, students will learn the formats and wording of formal and informal invitations.,Look at the picture and discuss with your partner the following questions.,Lead-in,What do you think the topic of this unit will be? Say as much as possible about the person on the cartoon. Who are the most famous people in your eyes and what makes them famous?,Lead-in,What do you think are the elements of success? Make a list of such elements and then report to the class.,Lead-in,B. Listening Practice Post-listening task Answer the following questions.,1. According to the speaker, is there any fixed pattern for success? 2. How many elements of success does the speaker offer in the passage?,No. There isnt any recipe for success.,_,Eight. They are positive attitude, knowledge, natural talent, clear goal and planning, passion, hard work, luck and opportunity, and cooperation.,_ _ _,3. How can we know whether we have natural talent or not? 4. How can we improve our luck, according to the passage? 5. What does the speaker mean by “cooperation”?,We can know that by trying a lot of different activities and seeing what comes easy to us.,_ _,By making as many strong personal contacts as we can and sharing what we have to increase their “luck” and “opportunities.”,_ _,Learn to work with people around you.,_,【Script】,【Script】,The Elements of Success I dont believe that there is any one recipe for success. Instead, I believe success is the result of a combination of a lot of different factors and not all of them are needed for success. The more factors you have on your side, the more likely you are to succeed, and positive attitude is just one of those factors. Here are seven additional factors that are also important. Knowledge A strong body of knowledge about the area in which you wish to succeed is often one of the key building blocks of success. Natural talent Some people are born to succeed in certain areas. Find this out for yourself by trying a lot of different activities and seeing what comes easy to you.,Clear goals and planning Much like a trip, its a lot easier to get where you want to go if you know where youre going and spend the time to plan the route youll take to get there. Passion An intense, burning desire to dig deep into a particular area is often a sign that youll find success there. Hard work is another key to finding success. If you want to succeed in a certain area, work hard in that area and go beyond what others are doing. Luck and opportunity also play an important role in success. You can improve your luck by making as many strong personal contacts as you can and sharing what you have to increase their “luck” and “opportunities.” And last but not least is cooperation with people around you.,Reading Focus-Text A,First Reading Read the text and then answer the questions in the left margin.,Note 1Bill Gates (1955): An American business magnate, philanthropist, uthor, the worlds third richest person (as of February 8, 2008), and chairman of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen. Gates was the richest person in the world for 15 consecutive years. During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of CEO and chief software architect, and remains the largest individual shareholder with more than 8 percent of the common stock. He has also authored or co-authored several books.,In Search of the Real Bill Gates1 Walter Isaacson2,an electronic device allowing one-way or two-way communication,intercom,Content company,Note 2Walter Isaacson: The President and CEO of the Aspen Institute, a nonpartisan educational and policy studies organization based in Washington, D.C. He has been the Chairman and CEO of CNN and the Managing Editor of TIMES.,Language Point in search of: If one is in search of something, he is looking for it. e.g. People has left their homes to go in search of food. The police are still in search of the escaped criminal.,Chinese寻觅真实的比尔盖茨,He is the most famous businessman in the world. Much has been written about how he dominated the revolution in personal computing and is now prepared to turn Microsoft into a media and Internet giant. But we know little about him as a person. What beliefs and values drive this man who, as much as anyone, will determine the way we look not only at computers but at ourselves and our world? Heres an intimate look at one of the most important minds and personalities of our era.,1,Language Point prepare: “To prepare sth.” is to make sth. ready for use; “to prepare for sth.” is to make oneself ready or able to deal with a future event; “to be prepared is to be ready or able to do sth.” e.g. As soon as I got home, I started to prepare the supper. Dont disturb him. He is preparing for the examination tomorrow. Are you prepared to answer all the questions we may ask?,Language Point drive: The verb “drive” in this paragraph means “to make someone work or try very hard or determined to do sth.” Most literally, we drive a car or drive sb. to a certain place in a vehicle. The verb “drive” can also be,used to mean “to force somebody into a bad situation or state” or “to force somebody to leave a place, usually the place where they live”. e.g. The coach drives his team, but he gets good results. I want to find out what drives a successful businesswoman like Betty. She drives a bus for a living. Dad drove us to the airport. Will you stop making that terrible noise? You are driving me mad. This gossip has driven her out of the village. The word “drive” is also used as a noun in this text (Paragraph 9), meaning “the energy or determination that makes sb. try very hard to achieve sth.”. When used as a noun, “drive” can mean “a journey in a car” or “a big effort to achieve sth.”.,e.g. As a student, she was full of drive and ambition. The hotel is only 10 minutes drive from the airport. The company has embarked on a drive to improve its image.,Chinese他是世界上最闻名的企业家。人们花了大量的笔墨来描述对他如何主宰个人电脑革命、现在又如何准备把微软变革为媒体和互联网巨擘。但是，我们对其本人知之甚少。他比任何其他人更能决定我们看待计算机、以及如何看待自我和世界的方式。驱动他的信仰和价值观念是什么呢？在此，我们将勾勒出我们这个时代最为重要、最有个性的一名人物。,2,When Bill Gates was in the sixth grade, his parents decided he needed counseling. He was at war with his mother Mary, an outgoing woman who believed that he should do what she told him.3 She would call him to dinner from his basement bedroom, which she had given up trying to make him clean, and he wouldnt respond. “What are you doing?” she once demanded over the intercom.,Note 3He was at war with his mother Mary, an outgoing woman who believed that he should do what she told him: He was in conflict with his mother Mary, a friendly and socially confident person who believed that he should do what she told him.,Language Point outgoing: Outgoing is an adjective used to describe Marys character, meaning “friendly and socially confident”. In English, there are some other similarly used adjectives like “awesome”, “approachable”, “friendly”, “shy”, “timid”, “introvert”, “extrovert”, “strong-willed”, and “stubborn”. awesome : impressive and sometimes frightening approachable : friendly and easy to talk to friendly : pleasant and helpful towards other people shy : nervous or embarrassed in the company of other people, esp. strangers timid : shy and nervous introvert : tending to concentrate on ones own feelings or thoughts rather than communicating with other people,extrovert : confident, lively and happy in social situations strong-willed : determined to do sth. that one wants to do, even if others do not want him to do it stubborn : not willing to change ones idea or consider other peoples opinions or arguments,Chinese在比尔盖茨六年级的时候，他的父母亲认定他需要接受心理咨询。他和母亲玛丽不和。玛丽是一个性格爽直的女人，坚信儿子应该按照她说的去做。比尔住在地下室里，她曾经设法让他清理卧室，现在已经放弃了这个念头。她叫他上来吃饭，他毫无反应。“你在干什么？”，她曾对着对讲机吼道。,Because Bill Gates did not do what his parents wanted him to do.,Why did Bill Gates parents believe that he needed counseling?,“Im thinking,” he shouted back.,3,Chinese“我在思考，”，他吼叫地回应道。,“Youre thinking?”,4,Chinese“你在思考？”,“Yes, Mom, Im thinking,” he said fiercely. “Have you ever tried thinking?”,5,Chinese“是啊，老妈，我在思考，”他大声说道。“你有没有思考过？”,The psychologist they sent him to “was a really cool guy,” Gates recalls. “He gave me books to read after each time, Freud4 stuff, and I really got into psychology theory.”5 After a year of counseling and tests, the counselor reached his conclusion. “Youre going to lose,” he told Mary. “You had better just adjust to it because theres no use trying to beat him.” Mary was strong-willed and intelligent herself, her husband recalls, “but she came around to accepting that it was useless trying to compete with him.”6,6,Note 4Freud: Sigmund Freud, born Sigismund Schlomo Freud (6 May 1856 23 September 1939), was an Austrian psychiatrist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology. Freud is best known for his theories of the unconscious mind and the defense mechanism of repression and for creating the clinical practice of psychoanalysis for curing psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst. Freud is also renowned for his redefinition of sexual desire as the primary motivational energy of human life, as well as his therapeutic techniques, including the use of free association, his theory of transference in the therapeutic relationship, and the interpretation of dreams as sources of insight into unconscious,desires. He was also an early neurological researcher into cerebral palsy. While of significant historical interest, many of Freuds ideas have fallen out of favor or have been modified by Neo-Freudians, although in the past ten years, advances in the field of neurology have shown evidence for many of his theories. Freuds methods and ideas remain important in clinical psychodynamic approaches. In academia his ideas continue to influence the humanities and some social sciences.,Note 5He gave me books to read after each time, Freud stuff, and I really got into psychology theory: He gave me books to read after time. And the books are about psychological things that Freud is credited with, and I really came to understand and have interest in psychology theory. get into: come to have interest in,Note 6but she came around to accepting that it was useless trying to compete with him: but she came to accept the fact that it was useless trying to compete with him.,Language Point there be no use doing sth; it is useless doing sth: Both structures mean “doing sth is of no use”. e.g. There is no use crying over the spilt milk. There is no use talking to him if he turns a deaf ear to us. It is useless wishing to learn the language well without making any real effort.,Chinese他们送他去咨询的心理学家“是一个真的很酷的家伙”，比尔盖茨回忆道。“他每次都让我回家读一些书，是弗洛伊德的那套玩意，我还真的了解了心理学理论。”过了一年的咨询和测验，咨询师得出结论。“你将是个失败者，”他告诉玛丽说，“你还是学会适应吧，因为想征服他是没有用的。”玛丽自己也是个坚定、聪颖的人，她的丈夫回忆道，“但她改变了态度，也认为和儿子斗是徒劳的”。,Because he thought it was no use trying to compete with him.,Why did the counselor ask Gates mother to learn to adjust?,A lot of computer companies have concluded the same. In the 21 years since he dropped out of Harvard7 to start Microsoft, William Henry Gates III, 41, has beat competitors in the world of desktop operating systems and application software. Now he is attempting the daring goal of expanding Microsoft from a software company into a media and content company.,7,Note 7Harvard: A private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S., and a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1636 by the colonial Massachusetts legislature, Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. It is also the first and oldest corporation in North America.,Language Point the same in the first sentence of this paragraph is a substitute for the last clause in the preceding paragraph: “that it was useless trying to compete with him”.,Language Point beat competitors: To beat a competitor means to defeat somebody in a competition. e.g. England needed to beat Germany to get to the final. In 2000, George W. Bush narrowly beat Al Gore in the election. As a verb, “beat” can also mean “to hit someone violently several times”. e.g. The couple were arrested for beating their children.,Chinese很多计算机公司也得出了同样的结论。在他从哈佛大学退学开创微软公司的21年里，威廉亨利盖茨III世虽然只有41岁，却在桌面操作系统和运用软件的领域里打败了世上所有竞争对手。现在，他正试图实现最大胆的想法，把微软从软件公司扩张为媒体和电子信息公司。,In the process he has amassed a fortune worth (as of last Friday) $23.9 billion. The 88% rise in Microsoft stock in 1996 meant he made on paper more than $10.9 billion, or about $30 million a day.8 That makes him the worlds richest person, by far. But hes more than that. He has become the Edison9 and Ford10 of our age.,8,Note 8The 88% rise in Microsoft stock in 1996 meant he made on paper more than $10.9 billion, or about $30 million a day: The 88% rise in Microsoft stock in 1996 meant that he made more than $10.9 billion in theory, that was about $30 million a day.,Note 9Edison: Thomas Edison, an American inventor and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Dubbed “The Wizard of Menlo Park” by a newspaper reporter, he was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of mass production and large teamwork to the process of invention, and therefore is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.,Note 10Ford: Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 April 7, 1947) was the American founder of the Ford Motor Company and father of modern assembly lines used in mass production. His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry. He was a prolific inventor and was awarded 161 U.S. patents.,Language Point That makes him the worlds richest person, by far. In this sentence, “that” refers to what has been just mentioned about Bill Gates extraordinarily huge wealth. As a demonstrative pronoun, “that” is generally used to refer to something that is physically, psychologically or temporally more distant from the speaker than “this”.,e.g. This is Joseph speaking. Is that Mary? This is really a nice book. I dont like that movie. That happened a long time ago. People will celebrate it this year.,Chinese在此过程中，他积累的财富价值（到上周五）高达23 9亿美元。1996年微软股票上涨了88%，意味着他赚的钱帐面上超过109亿美元，或者说是每天大约赚了3,000万美元。这让他成为世界首富。但他的成就远不只是这些。他成为我们这个时代的爱迪生和福特。,His success stems from his personality: an awesome and at times frightening blend of brilliance, drive, competitiveness and personal intensity. So too does Microsofts. “The personality of Bill Gates determines the culture of Microsoft,” says his intellectual close friend Nathan Myhrvold. But though he has become the most famous businessman in the world, Gates remains personally elusive to all but a close circle of friends.11,9,Note 11Gates remains personally elusive to all but a close circle of friends: Gates is not easy to understand as an individual and only his close circle of friends understand him.,Language Point all but In this context, “all but” means “all except”. “all but” can also mean “almost”. e.g. All but a few lazy boys have handed in their homework. China won support from all but a couple of western countries on this issue. His research was all but forgotten. The room was all but empty. The trip was all but three weeks long.,Chinese他的成功源自他的个性：融才智、干劲、好胜和激情为一体，令人敬畏又有时让人觉得可怕。微软公司的成功也是如此。“比尔盖茨的个性决定了微软公司的文化，”他的理解力超强的密友内森麦荷沃尔特如是说。但是，尽管盖茨已经成为当今世界上最有名的商界名流，他的性格只有深交的朋友才了解，外人是捉摸不透的。,His personality.,What is the root cause of his success?,Part of what makes him so mysterious is the nature of his intellect. Wander the Microsoft grounds, press the Bill button in conversation and hear it described in computer terms: he has “incredible processing power” and “unlimited bandwidth,” a capability of “multitasking.” Watch him at his desk, and you see what they mean. He works on two computers, one with four frames that sequence data streaming in from the Internet, the other handling the hundreds of E-mail messages and memos that extend his mind into a network. He can b