《名词性从句基础》PPT课件.ppt

名词性从句,Grammar,Noun Clauses include: Subjective Clause (主语从句), Objective Clause (宾语从句), Predicative Clause (表语从句), Appositive Clause (同位语从句),1.When we will start is not clear. 2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do it right now. 4.I had no idea that you were her friend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,1.It is known to us that he is a famous singer. 2.The thought that we might succeed excited us. 3.What he said is correct. 4.The question is how he did it. 5. I am glad that she will come.,引导名词性 从句的三类词(与定语从句相区别),主语从句,在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。,1.That he is a famous singer is known to us.,2.When he will go to America is not yet fixed.,3.Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.,1.从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，都要加上从属连词that,That he will come here on Wednesday is certain.,2.主语从句表示“是否” 只用“whether” 而不用“if”,Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.,tips,3.主语从句有时用“it”作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。,It is known to us that he will come here.,It + be + 形容词 that从句,It is necessary that It is important that . It is obvious that,It + be + -ed分词 that从句,It is believed / said/reported/that It is known to us/all that . It has been decided that,有必要 重要的是 很明显,人们相信/说/据报道 众所周知 已经决定,It + be + 名词 that从句,It is common knowledge that It is a surprise that . It is a fact that,It + 不及物动词 that从句,It appears that It happens that . It occurred to me that,是常识 令人惊奇的是 事实是,似乎 碰巧 我突然想起,表语从句,在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be动词后面)叫做表语从句。,The problem is that we didnt get in touch with him.,This is how Henry solved the problem.,1.引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。 .,Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.,2.表语从句表示“是否” 只用“whether” 而不用“if”,The question is whether it is worth doing.,3.如果句子的主语是suggestion, advice. order等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略.,他建议我们立刻完成工作。 He suggests that we (should) finish the work at once. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.,宾语从句,在句中充当及物动词或介词宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。,I told him that I would come back soon.,We believe (that) he is honest.,I dont know （that） you will come here.,1.that在宾语从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常常被省去。,2. what不可省,有意义,充当成分.,I dont know what he likes.,3.如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。,We think it our duty that we should help others.,I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.,think + it + adj,+ to do sth. find + it + adj, + to do sth. make + it + adj, + to sth. Feel + it + adj, + to sth.,4.在宾语从句中，表示“是否”既可以用whether,也可以用if.但是，whether常与or not连用；作介词宾语只用whether; 从句是否定句时一般用if.,I dont know whether/if he will come.,I want to know whether or not he will come.,Are you talking about whether he will come?,He doesnt care if it isnt a fine day.,5.如果宾语从句是由think, believe, imagine, suppose等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。,我认为他不会来这里.,I dont think he will come here.,同位语从句,在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。,注意:同位语从句一般放在如idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth等含有丰富内涵的词语后面，用来说明前面那个词的具体内容。一般说来，同位语从句都用that来作连接词，而且不能省略。也可用how, when, where等。,He gave her a promise that he would come back after two months. Word came that our team won the game.,不同之处,1.作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰,限定前面的名词。,e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。） The news that you told us is really encouraging. （从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）,2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。,Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. （that 不充当任何成分）,Dad made a promise that excited all his children. （that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）,3.引导同位语从句的wh一词多具有疑问意义，而引导定语从句的wh一词则没有疑问意义。,I am still thinking about the question where I can have shoes mended.,我还在想着一个问题在哪里我可以修鞋。,I am still thinking about finding a place where I can have my shoes mended.,我还在考虑着找一个修鞋的地方。,4.when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间,地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。如： They put forward the question where they could get the money. This is the place where the accident happened.,Practice,His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable. 2. Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online. 3. He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way. 4.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom. 5. Is this the company where your father works?,(同位),（定从）,（定从）,(同位),(同位),exercises,.请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句,What I want to do is taking a bath. The news that they won the game spread the whole school. I dont think he is an honest boy. The fact is that he stole the car. Do you know the fact that he stole the car? Do you know the man who is standing over there? It is said that they won the game.,(主从),(同位语从句),(宾从),(表从),(同位语从句),(定从),(主从),II. Choose the best answer,1.They expressed the hope _they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when 2.The fact_ he didnt see Tom yesterday is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what 3.I have no idea _he will come back. A. where B. when C. what D. that,II. Choose the best answer,4.The news _ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that 6.Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what B. whether c. that D. which,语序问题,1.The photographs will show you _ （MET89） A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,2.He asked_for a violin.（MET92） A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid,1.The question is _the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. how 2.They received orders _ the work be done at once. A .which B. when C. / D .that 3.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed. A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because 4. _ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind. A. What; why B. Which; how C. That; why D. What; because 5. _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if 6. It is known to us _ where there is pollution, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that 7. I have the information _. A. of what hell come soon B. that hell come soon C. of that hell come soo