英语应用文写作课件.ppt

English Practical Writing 英语应用文写作(节选) 任课教师：汤劲锋,提示:写作课有大量例子需要展示，如没有多媒体，授课效果将大打折扣,Chapter One Letters 1. Addressing an Envelope:,Notice 1）The English address is rightly opposite to the Chinese one. a) When you finish each line, you can add a “comma” or omit it; but you must add it if there exists “break-up” 分解. b) Omit the name of country if it is written within the same country or city or town. c) Dont add “No:” before the doorplate门牌号. Dont add “,” after the number. d) “Road, Street, Avenue”（街道）can be abbreviated as “Rd. , St., Ave.”,e) Different countries have their different code standard. For examples, America takes 5 digit; Australia, 4; and British takes digits mixed with letters. f) Other abbreviated words： Apt.(Apartment), Bldg.(Building), Blvd.(Boulevard), Co.(Company), Corp.(Corporation), Dept.(Department), Inc.(Incorporated), Sq.(Square), N.W.E.W.(North, South, East, West), S.E.(Southeast), N.W.(Northwest),2）The stamp must be stuck on the right top of the envelop. 3）“c/o” （代表care of）. e.g. Miss Zhang Luoqi （收信人姓名） c/o Ms Sun Wenfang （转交者姓名） Editor of the Washington Post （转交者所在单位） 136 Market St. （转交者单位的地址） Rushville, Missouri 4）The add-ons must be written on the left bottom. The usual add-ons are “_（航空信）,_（挂号信）,_（印刷品）, _（急件）, _（快件）, _（限时快件）, _（内有照片）,_（请勿折叠）, _, etc. .,2. Structure of a letter Six main parts: heading; inside address; salutation; body; close; signature Two minor parts: Postscript ; Enclosure,2.1 Heading Forms of heading: a) Block Form; Indented Form; b) Close punctuation(封闭式，每行后用逗号，最后一行用句号); Open punctuation（开放式，每行均不用，普遍）,190 Phoenix Road, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A. Jan.15,2001.,190 Phoenix Road Atlanta, Georgia U.S.A. Jan.15,2001,Exercise: Rewrite the following address and date into a heading: California/Woodside/21st Feb. 1998/U.S.A./21 Brooke St. 2) New York /504 West 94th St/N.Y./24th June,1998/ U.S.A,2.2 Salutation. The salutation is directly addresses the recipient of the letter and is followed by a colon (except when a friendly, familiar, sociable tone is intended, in which case a comma is used). Notice: In the simplified letter format, the salutation line is eliminated altogether. Salutations with “dear” may be “Dear Dad, Dear Mr. Brown, Dear Smith, My dear mother, Dear Madam, Dear Sirs, Dear Prof. Plate”; without “dear” are “Mrs. Walter, Gentlemen, To whom it may concern”, etc.,If you dont know whether the recipient is a man or woman, the traditional practice has been to write “Dear Sir“ or “Dear Sirs“. But thats sexist! To avoid this problem, salutations such as “Dear Sir or Madame,“ “Dear Ladies and Gentlemen,“ “Dear Friends,“ or “Dear People“ have been tried but without much general acceptance. Deleting the salutation line altogether or inserting “To Whom It May Concern“ in its place, is not ordinarily a good solution either. Its impersonal. The best solution is to make a quick, anonymous phone call to the organization and ask for a name; Or, address the salutation to a department name, committee name, or a position name: “Dear Personnel Department,“ “Dear Recruitment Committee,“ “Dear Chairperson,“ “Dear Director of Financial Aid,“ for example.,2.3 Body of the letter. The actual message of course is contained in the body of the letter, the paragraphs between the salutation and the complimentary close. 2.4 Complimentary close. “Sincerely yours“ , “Cordially,“ “Respectfully,“ or “Respectfully yours,“. 2.5 Signature block. Whenever possible, include your title or the name of the position you hold just below your name. For example, “Technical writing student,“ “Sophomore data processing(数据处理) major,“ are perfectly acceptable. 2.6 End notations 2.7 Enclosures: “Enclosure,“ “Encl“ e.g. “Encl.: Resume and Writing Sample.“,Example:,Useful opening sentences: How is everything going on with you? How are you? Im very glad / happy / pleased to receive your letter of Here is the information about. Id like to tell you something about Useful ending sentences: I am really looking forward to Best wishes / regards! Good luck to you! Wishing you success / good luck! Give my best wishes / regards to ,3 . Business Letter 3 .1 Formats 3.2 Style in Business Correspondence 3.2.1 State the main business, purpose, or subject matter right away. e.g.1 “I am writing to apply for the position you currently have open“ e.g.2 “I am writing in response to your letter of July 24, 1997 in which you discuss problems you have had with an electronic spreadsheet purchased from our company.“ 3.2.2 If you are responding to a letter, identify that letter by its subject and date in the first paragraph or sentence.,3.3 Keep the paragraphs of most business letters short The paragraphs of business letters tend to be short. 3.4 “Compartmentalize隔间“ the contents of your letter e.g. a complaint letter concerning problems with the system unit of your personal computer A description of the problems youve had with it The ineffective repair jobs youve had The compensation you think you deserve and why 3.5 Provide topic indicators at the beginning of paragraphs In the first sentence, try to locate a word or phrase that indicates the topic of that paragraph. Improve the following example:,3.6 List or itemize whenever possible in a business letter 3.7 Place important information strategically in business letters,3.8 Find positive ways to express bad news in your business letters avoid such words as “cannot,“ “forbid,“ “fail,“ “impossible,“ “refuse,“ “prohibit,“ “restrict,“ and “deny“ as much as possible.,3.9 Generally Used Expressions Beginning: 1. In reply/answer to your advertisement in China Daily of November 11 (for an account), I respectfully offer my services for the situation (or: I tender myself for the post). 2. Replying to your advertisement in China Daily of November 11, wish to apply for the position in your esteemed firm. 3. With reference to your advertisement in China Daily of November 11, I offer myself for the post. 4.Please consider me an applicant for the position which you advertised in China Daily of November 11. 5.I should like to apply for the position mentioned in your advertisement in China Daily of November 11. 6.Having noticed the enclosed advertisement in China Daily of November 11, I wish to apply for the position referred. 7. Your advertisement for a typist in your advertisement in China Daily of November 11 has interested me, I feel I can fill that position. 8. I would like to apply for the post of gardener as advertised in China Daily of November 11. 9. On looking over todays China Daily my attention was attracted by your advertisement for a clerk. Now as I am desirous of obtaining such a position, I should like to apply for the same.,Ending: 1.I should be glad to have a personal interview and can furnish references if desired. 2.I solicit(恳求) the favor of an interview, and assure you that if appointed, I will do my best to give you satisfaction. 3.If you desire an interview, I shall be most happy to call in person on any day and at any time you may appoint. 4.Should you think favorably of my application, kindly grant me an interview (or: I would like to have an interview). 5.I hope/ trust that you will be kind enough to consider my application favorably (or: give this application your favorable consideration). 6.Should you give me a trial, I will do my utmost to afford you every satisfaction. 7.Should this application meet with your favorable consideration, I will do my utmost to justify the confidence you may repose in me 8.I assure you that if my application be successful, I will do my very best to please you. 9.Should you entertain my application favorably, I would endeavor to give you every satisfaction.,Enclosure: 1.You will find enclosed an outline of my education and business training and copies of two letters of recommendation. 2.Enclosed please find a resume, a photo and an autobiography. 3.I attach schedule of my qualification and experience. 4.I am enclosing my curriculum vitae together with my photograph. 5. A copy of my transcript is enclosed. 6.Enclosed you will find a letter of recommendation from my former teacher of English. 7.You can see from the data sheet that is enclosed that . 8.I enclose a resume and one of my publications.,162 Hoping Rd. Yuan Lin Chang Hua Hsien Aug. 10, 1997 The Brothers Trading Co., Ltd. 10, Alley 3, Lane 50, Zhi Jiang St. Shanghai Gentlemen: Having heard that the situation of a cashier in your office is vacant. I wish to offer my services for it. I am 23 years of age, and have worked for fifteen months in a similar position for New World Trust Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, to whom I can refer you as to my character and ability. I left them solely because they made a reduction in their establishment. Regarding salary, I leave that with you, but feel certain that I can earn at least 400 RMB per month. I hope to have the pleasure of your granting me an interview. Very truly yours, Huang Yi,Example: 1,July 7, 1998 Mr. Bradley Good World Industrial Co. Ltd. 230 Rockland Avenue Belpre, Ohio 45714 My dear Mr. Seaman: Mr. Plate has been known to me personally for a long time, and I have had an opportunity to observe closely his personality and his work. He is a well-trained college man who has used his eyes and ears to advantage. His family connections have given him an opportunity to associate with men and women of ideas. He is democratic, likable, and accustomed to meeting me who are influential in business and political circles. Before entering business, he had considerable experience as a teacher. Here he showed himself a natural disciplinarian whose generous, wholesome personality made him the confident and adviser of the students. His character is beyond question, his judgement is good, and he has the qualities necessary to make him the successful employment manager in a large corporation. Very truly yours, Hazlett,Example: 2,Exercise: 1. Write out an application according to the following ads.： 1）CHAUFFEUR WANTED. Young man, unmarried, some years experience, Careful driver. References required. Address H. 166, Central Daily News Office. 2） LEDGER CLERK and general office assistant wanted who is quick and accurate with figures; state in first letter salary expected, age, education, business experience, and give references, which will be considered confidential. Address E 897, Herald Office. 3）YOUNG LADY for clerical work in office, 8 miles from St. Louis; advancement made on merit; state experience and salary desired. Address B 9390, Times Office. 4) WANTED: ADVERTISING ASSISTANT - Young man, knowledge of stenography and typewriting, some experience in advertising department, good in English, willing to turn his hand to anything for the sake of development along advertising lines; salary, $ 100 to start. Address, by letter only, Client, Box 3536, Seattle. 5) YOUNG MAN wanted to grow up in office of old established wholesale house. This means a life position to the right person: must be of neat appearance, courteous and adaptable; salary, $ 250 a week, with yearly advance. Address C 3454 Advertiser Office.,2 . Write a letter according to the following information: 1.因船公司问题， 航班和班期有所改变的缘故。但请客户不必担心，会跟船公司随时联系掌握货物情况 2.FUAN工厂的装柜情况会跟工厂交待清楚，但是具体情况也得根据当时装柜情形而定，因为每个品种的纸箱不同，装柜的第一原则是不浪费货柜空间 3.已收到汇款， 余款请尽早安排 4.LUFENG工厂方面，会尽早交货。但是由于中国春节的原因，工厂放假20天所以请谅解不能按客户所要求的日期交货。如果需要我司可向贵司客户出具保函， 说明原因以避免贵司不能如期交货给贵司客户的损失。 5.LONGBONG工厂。请客户放心，会按计划开始操作。谢谢客户对订单的确认。有关电脑椅，随后会传真形式发票给客户确认。 - Original Message - From: “wefal international“ To: “CAMFORD“ Sent: Thursday, December 04, 2003 6:20 PM Subject: Re: URGENT,4. Letter of Application 4. 1. Organization 1) The source of the information (from ads, friends,) 2) A brief introduction to yourself. ( your condition, former jobs, education if necessary) 3) The reason that you hope to get the position.(interest,you are fit to the job) 4) Your hope of getting reply, your way of keeping contact.(sometimes the wage you hope to get) 4. 2. Some requests: 1) Objectivity(客观性）. Just state the fact of your experience. Dont come to a conclusion with your own opinion. Leave it to your employer.Use words like“ might be, would like to , wish, it seems to me that, although, should like to , feel, provided, if.“ 2) Dont crack yourself up(boast 自夸). All the statements should be the fact. Any non-exist competence will bing future trouble. 3) If youve got former jobs, dont say bad words about your former employer. 4)Make your letter clear and beautiful. 5)Formal letters are not popular now. As most bosses are quite busy, they tend to read short letters that can state the facts clearly. Thus covering letter(求职说明信） with a resume （个人简历）is widely used. Covring letter: A brief introduction to yourself so that the boss may have a brief impression on you. Resume: All the information and details that the future boss need to know.,4.3 Some sentence patterns: 1. In reply to your advertisement in todays China Post for an account, I respectfully offer my services for the situation. 2. With reference to your advertisement in China News of May 2 for a clerk, I offer myself for the post. 3. In answer to your ad in todays The United Daily News for a secretary, I wish to render my service. 4. Your ad for a telephone operator in the Times of March 8 has interrested me. I feel I can fill that position. 5. I have been in the business for the last ten years, and worked as the superintended in the personal department. 6. I am 20 years of age, and am anxious to settle down to office work. 7. Being well acquainted with office work, I could make myself generally useful, should there be any opportunity of your requiring my services. 8. I have just left school, but have a good knowledge of English. 9.I am a graduate of .university, and have recently completed the .courses . 10. Enclosed please find a resume, a photo and an autobiography.,Resume Name: Sex: Male/Female Date of Birth: Place of Birth: Marital Status: Married/Unmarried Education: 1992-1994, Ph.Doctor(Master) degree, Department of Economics, Pittsburge University, PA graduate, Wuhan University, 1983, with a B.S (bachelors)degree in Mathematics Working Experience: 1994-now, Associate proffesor,Dept.of International Economics, Hunan College of Finance and Economics. Courses Taught: Intensive rea