反义疑问句之规则.ppt

Grammar- Question Tags,Unit 3 Module one,反意疑问句,反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一，它是由一 个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。 反意疑问句的基本构成形式： 陈述句, 助动词（肯定或否定）+ 主语？ She often has lunch at school, doesnt she? You dont like sports, do you? 使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则：,代词,一、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的 动词成相反的对应关系，即： 前肯后否，前否后肯 You cant do it, _? They are very late for the meeting, _?,基本规则,can you,arent they,二、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈 述部分的动词种类及时态要对应一致。 He didnt have supper at home last night, _? (has he/ did he) They have known the matter, _? (havent they/ dont they) They will go to town soon, _? (wont they/ dont they/ arent they) He works very hard, _? (didnt he/ doesnt he/ wont he),did he,havent they,wont they,doesnt he,特殊规则肯定句or否定句,一、 陈述句部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定前缀和 less等后缀构成的词语 时，陈述部分一般视为肯定句，问句 部分用否定形式。,二、陈述部分有 no, nothing, nobody, neither, none, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词 时，陈述部分要视为否定句，疑问部 分用肯定形式。,Your father is unhappy, _? She never tells a lie, _? The man is dishonest, _? He was seldom late, _? It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, _? The woman made no answer, _? Some plants never blown, _ ?,isnt he,does she,isnt he,was he,isnt it,did she,do they,特殊规则 反问部分的主语,1）如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that，或是不 定代词something, anything, nothing, everything 等，由于它们是第三人称单数并且指代事物，其反问 部分的主语为it。 2）如果陈述部分的主语是不定代词someone( body), anyone( body), everyone( body), no one, nobody 等，其反问部分的主语多用they (有时也可以用he)。 3）如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词these 或those，应 把它们视为第三人称复数，其反问部分的主语为 they。,4) 陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式或从句时， 反问部分的主语用it代替。 To do one good deed is easy for a person, _? Skating does good to your health, _? What he said is true, _? Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, _? 5) 陈述部分为There + be 句型时，反问部分的主 语为there 形式。 6) 如果陈述句部分的主语是one，其反问部分的 主语仍然用one。,isnt it,doesnt it,isnt it,has it,7) 如果陈述句部分的主语是none( neither) of., some of等，其反问部分的主语应根据of后 的名词或代词而定，分别用it、we、you或 they来代替。 None of the food was wasted, _? Some of us are perfect, _? Neither of you went to the cinema, _? None of the students heard the news, _? 8) 如果陈述句部分是由并列连词连接的两个或两 个以上的单数名词作主语，其反问部分的主语 多用复数they, we, you。 Neither you nor I am a doctor, are we?,was it,arent we,did you,did they,特殊规则 反问部分的谓语,1) 如果陈述部分含有表推测的情态动词must, cant，may等，其反问部分不能用情态动词, 应根据具体情况而定。 He must be a teacher, isnt he? (思路：He must be a teacher. He is a teacher.) She cant have arrived there yesterday, _? You might have made the mistake, _? 2) 如果陈述句部分的谓语是wish to do 其反问部分用may（的肯定式）。 I wish to have a rest, may I?,还原法,did she,havent you,当must表“必须”时，疑问部分多用neednt。如： She must stay at home, neednt she?,3) 如果陈述句部分的谓语是“有”动词have、has 或had，其反问部分既可用have的适当形式， 也可用do的适当形式。 Tom has an interesting book, hasnt / doesnt he? 4) 如果陈述句部分的谓语是不作“有”讲的行为动 词have、has或had，其反问部分只能用do的 适当形式。： You had a good time yesterday, _? 5) 如果陈述句部分的谓语是have to的形式，其 反问部分用do的适当形式。： Alice has to finish her homework now, _?,doesnt she,didnt you,6) 如果陈述句部分的谓语是had better，其反问 部分只能用hadnt。 You had better stay in bed till tomorrow, hadnt you? 7) 陈述部分有would rather do/ would like to do, 其反问部分多用wouldnt +主语 8) 如果陈述句部分的谓语含有used to，其反问部 分既可用use(d)nt，也可用didnt。 There used to be some trees in this field, _? 9) 如果陈述句部分的谓语含有ought to，其反问 部分既可用oughtnt，也可用shouldnt。 10) 如果陈述句部分是以I am开头，am not没有 缩写形式，所以其反问部分多用arent 或aint I 11) 陈述部分是感叹句，疑问部分用“be+ 主语” What a good student, _?,use(d)nt / didnt there,isnt he/ she,1) 祈使句（肯定和否定）开头的反意疑问句， 其疑问部分通常为will you (肯定句偶见wont)。 Let him come in, will you? Please dont sleep at class, will you? 2) 以Lets开头的祈使句，其疑问部分多为shall we。 Lets have a rest, shall we? 3) 以Let us / me开头的祈使句，其疑问部分为 will you。 Let us/me go there, will you ? 4) 由Lets not开头，表示建议的祈使句，其疑问 部分用all right或O. K.。 Lets not go shopping, all right / OK?,特殊规则祈使句,特殊规则复合句,1）一般来说，反问部分的主语和助动词应与主句的主语和助动词保持一致。 If he hasnt finished his work, he cant go out to play, can he? 2）以第一人称(I / We)+ think / believe / imagine / suppose / guess / expect /consider etc.开头的主从复合句，其疑问部分的主谓语应与从句的主谓语保持一致，用否定形式。 I think he has arrived at the airport, _? We suppose Jack works hardest, _?,hasnt he,doesnt he,3）以第一人称(I / We)+ dont + think / believe / imagine / suppose / guess / expect / consider etc.开头的主从复合句，将从句看成一个否定句，反问部分与从句一致, 用肯定形式。 I dont believe she knows it, does she? We dont think he can finish the job alone, _? I dont consider he must have seen the film last night, _? 4）以第二、三人称开头的这类主从复合句，视为一般的主从复合句，其反问部分的看主句。 You believe they will come, _? He doesnt believe they will come, _?,can he,did he,dont you,does he,(2011上海卷) It doesnt matter if they want to come to your party, _? A. doesnt it B. does it C. dont they D. do they (2011重庆卷)I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, _? A. could he B. didnt I C. didnt you D. could they (2009湖南卷)You and I could hardly work together, _? A. could you B. couldnt I C. couldnt we D. could we,(2009陕西卷) He must be helping the old man to water the flowers, _? A. is he B. isnt he C. must he D. mustnt he (2007北京卷)When you finished the book, dont forget to put it back on the shelf, _? A. do you B. dont you C. will you D. wont you (2006全国II) We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, _? A. do you B. can we C. will you D. wont you,(2006福建卷) Im sure youd rather she went to school by bus, _? A. hadnt you B. wouldnt you C. arent I D. didnt she (模拟题)I dont think Richard could have done such a stupid thing last night, _? A. do I B. didnt I C. did he D. has he (江苏省六校联考)The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, _? A. did they B. didnt they C. did it D. didnt it,反义疑问句的回答 注意事实，肯定即用yes，否定用no，无需考虑句子原本是前否后肯或是前肯后否。 1）They work hard, dont they? Yes, they do. _ No, they dont. _ 2）The weather isnt fine, is it? Yes, it is. No, i