2020版高考英语复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions课后达标检测新人教版选修.docx

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions(建议用时：30分钟) 阅读理解A(2019辽宁五校协作体联考)In the dead of winter，we dont typically think about spending time outdoors，but according to many physicians we shouldThe sun is our greatest source of a vitamin that is essential for good healthVitamin D.This important vitamin strengthens bones and teeth and is linked to the prevention of heart disease，cancer and many other lifethreatening diseasesThe recommended daily requirement is 400600 International Units (IU). In summer, people with dark brown eyes and darker skin turn sunlight from just 15 minutes outside without sunscreen into adequate amounts of Vitamin D.Even during winter, just a 10minute walk at midday can keep the bodys Vitamin D at healthy levelsDuring brief winter walks，we receive the greatest benefits when we wear no sunscreen and expose as much skin to the sun as possible.Vitamin D can be also obtained from foodsSalmon is one of the best sources of the Vitamin. Egg yolks(蛋黄)，cheese，mushrooms and some animal organs contain smaller quantities of it.To attract consumers，food companies add Vitamin D to some of their milk productsThe practice of putting the Vitamin into milk began in the 1930sAt that time，many children were suffering from rickets，an illness that is caused by a deficiency(缺乏)of Vitamin DIt made the childrens bones soft and weakAdding Vitamin D to milk helped to solve the problem, and it has been available ever since.For people who still need more Vitamin D, there is another option. Take Vitamin D supplements(补充物)These products are widely sold in storesHowever，anyone considering taking supplements should consult a physician first.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普文。文章主要介绍了维生素D的一些情况。1During the winter months，people_.Aarent able to meet their deadlinesBoften dont dress warmly enoughCgenerally like to remain indoorsDleave lots of work for others to doC解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的第一句可知，在冬天人们愿意待在室内。2According to the text，Vitamin D_.Acan be obtained by being exposed to the sun Bcan be used to cure lifethreatening diseasesCcan be mainly found in some milk productsDcan make the childrens bones soft and weakA解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句以及第三段第一句可知，维生素D可以通过晒太阳获得，故选A。3Why is salmon mentioned in this article?AIts seldom prepared in the correct way.BIts a useful addition to a persons diet.CIt has a huge impact on the environment.DIts advantages have been exaggerated.B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，三文鱼是补充维生素D的食物，因此对我们的饮食是有用的补充物，故选B。4The main purpose of this article is _.Ato introduce a valuable nutrient Bto advertise Vitamin D supplementsCto note risks associated with a nutrientDto explain how a nutrient was discoveredA解析：写作意图题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍一种营养成分维生素D。B(2019成都重点中学高三段考)Amazing concept images have shown what homes of the future could look like, as preparations are made for the worlds first freeform 3Dprinted property(房产).Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which will be 3Dprinted offsite before being put together onsite to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside partThese four main sections will then be joined together.Although 3Dprinted buildings have been made before, this hometo be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this yearwill be the first of its kind, as it will contain no regular shapes or anglesThe house is the creation of the design company WATG, based in London and CaliforniaThe design for Curve Appeal draws inspiration from the Case Study House program.The architects leading the program were famed for constantly pushing the limits in terms of minimalist(极简抽象派的) materials, and trying to create openplan spaces that focused on enhancing natural lightIn a written statement, a spokesman for WATG said, “Employing many of the same modern design principles, Curve Appeal is the next evolutionary stepIts important that the architecture and the environment work together harmoniouslyThe chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area”WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $8, 000 to make its plans a realityThe competition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artistsParticipants were challenged to design a 600 to 800sq ft singlefamily home that rethinks traditional aesthetics(美学), ergonomics, construction, building systems and structure.Over the last year, WATGs Chicago office has been developing their design with Branch TechnologyThis project is currently underway, working towards breaking ground later this yearOnce completed, the Curve Appeal home will have open and lightfilled inside living spaces.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了3D打印的名为Curve Appeal的极简抽象派房屋的相关情况。5What can we know about Curve Appeal from the passage?AIt will be different from an ordinary house.BIt is the first 3Dprinted building.CIt has visible walls and a roof.DIt was ever built in the world.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段第一句“Although 3Dprinted buildings have been made before，this hometo be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee，later this yearwill be the first of its kind，as it will contain no regular shapes or angles”可知，这一房屋将在工地外用3D打印，然后现场组装起来，创建出两堵外墙、一个屋顶和一个内部部分，它不包含规则的形状和角度。据此可知，这种房屋和平常的房屋不同，故A项正确。 6Where is the architecture located according to Paragraph 4?AFar away from the Tennessee River.BIn the woods near the Tennessee River.CBetween the Tennessee River and the woods.DNext to some modern buildings.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded，sunlit area”可知，所选的地点离田纳西河只有几步之遥，在一个美丽的长满树木和阳光普照的地区。据此可知，这一建筑位于田纳西河附近的树林里，故B项正确。7What does the Freeform Home Design Challenge do?AIt motivates participants to design at random.BIt emphasizes traditions rather than modernization.CIt sponsors competitors when necessary.DIt helps put creative ideas into practice.D解析：推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $8，000 to make its plans a reality”可知，WATG在2016年的“自由形式家居设计挑战赛”中获得了一等奖，并获得了8 000美元的奖金以实现其计划。据此可以推断，“自由形式家居设计挑战赛”旨在将有创造性的想法付诸实施，故D项正确。8Whats the passage mainly about?AWhat our homes will look like in the future.BThe Freeform Home Design Challenge.CThe worlds first freeform 3Dprinted house.DThe development of 3D printing in architecture.C解析：主旨大意题。通读全文并结合文章第一段“Amazing concept images have shown what homes of the future could look like，as preparations are made for the worlds first freeform 3Dprinted property(房产)”可知，本文主要介绍了世界第一座自由形式的3D打印房屋，该房屋名为“曲线的吸引(Curve Appeal)”。故C项最能概括文意。 完形填空(2019成都诊断)I asked my grandpa what it feels like to grow oldHe took a sip of tea and 1 ， “Have you ever been in a hot 2 when the water ran 3 ？” I told him I had.“Thats what 4 feels like, ” he said“In the beginning of life, its like youre taking a hot shower 5 ， the water is too warm, but you get used to the 6 and begin enjoying itWhen youre young, you think its going to be this way foreverBut life goes on like this 7 ”“You begin to 8 it somewhere between your 40s and 50sThe water temperature drops just the slightest bitIts almost unnoticeable, but you know it 9 You turn the faucet(水龙头) up to stay warmOne day you realize the faucet cant go any 10 ， and the temperature begins to dropthe warmth is leaving your 11 ”“It feels rather 12 ， ”Grandpa added“The water is still 13 ， but itll soon become cold and theres nothing you can doI enjoyed my life because I satisfied myself 14 the showers of my youth”Later on that day, entering Grandpas living room, I noticed him 15 in his chair with a blanket 16 his legs; his eyelids closedHis chest was rising and falling 17 I decided not to disturb his sleep, hoping he was dreaming of his 18 ， the enjoyment with family, the warmth of days gone by. 19 ， all of us should value those we love 20 the water runs cold.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。爷爷形象生动地以洗热水澡为例，向作者描述了人在逐渐变老过程中的感受，并表示他对自己的青年时期感到很满意。文章建议我们在变老之前要珍惜我们所爱的一切。1AaskedBcontinuedClaughedDwhisperedA解析：A项意为“问”；B项意为“继续”；C项意为“大笑”；D项意为“低语”。根据后面的爷爷的问话可知，本处是爷爷问作者。故选A。2AriverBspringCshowerDpoolC解析：A项意为“河流”；B项意为“泉”；C项意为“淋浴”；D项意为“游泳池”。“a hot spring”指的是温泉，不符合语境。根据下文内容可知，本处爷爷问我是否体验过洗热水澡时水变凉(cold)的感受。下文出现的“a hot shower”是提示，故选C。3AoutBcoldCwarmDdownB解析：参见上题解析。下文出现的“water temperature drops”及“cold”是提示，故选B。4AdesperationBageingCchildhoodDhappinessB解析：本处与开篇第一句话呼应，应讲述的是变老(ageing)的感觉。故选B。5AObviouslyBGraduallyCAt firstDFor certainC解析：A项意为“明显地”；B项意为“逐渐地”；C项意为“起初”；D项意为“确定”。根据语境可知，起初水太热了。故选C。6AspeedBheatCquantityDqualityB解析：A项意为“速度”；B项意为“热，热度”；C项意为“数量”；D项意为“质量”。起初水太热了，但是你习惯了这种热度并开始喜欢这种热度。故选B。7AtemporarilyBpermanentlyCnaturallyDfortunatelyA解析：A项意为“暂时地”；B项意为“持久地”；C项意为“自然地”；D项意为“幸运地”。但是生活只会暂时那样。故选A。8AtouchBacceptCfeelDignoreC解析：A项意为“触摸”；B项意为“接受”；C项意为“感觉”；D项意为“忽视”。大约四五十岁的时候开始感觉有变化。故选C。9AhappenedBdisappearedCstoppedDhurtA解析：A项意为“发生”；B项意为“消失”；C项意为“停止”；D项意为“伤害”。它几乎不被注意，但你知道它发生了。故选A。10AlooserBlowerChigherDfartherD解析：A项意为“更松”；B项意为“更低”；C项意为“更高”；D项意为“更远，更进一步”。根据语境可知，有一天你会发现水龙头开不了更大了。故选D。11AbodyBroomClifeDlegsA解析：根据空前的“温度开始下降