专题八主谓一致MicrosoftPowerPoint演示文稿.ppt

专项十 主谓一致,主谓一致关系应遵循三项原则：意义一致、语法一致和就近原则。 1 .意义一致 意义一致，即从意义上着手处理一致关系。如果主语形式上是单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词应用复数；有的主语形式上是复数，但意义是单数，这时谓语动词应用单数。,思维拓展 (1)由and 所连接的并列主语如果是指一个人或一种事物等，其后的谓动词就用单数形式。 The writer and artist has come . There is a knife and fork on the table . （2）表示时间、距离、价格、度量等名词的复数形式用作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 Three days is too long us to wait . A hundred miles is a long distance.,3）有些名词以-s 结尾，但表示单数意义。作主语时谓语动词用单数 如news ，physics ，maths ，politics，James（詹姆斯）等。 Physics is my favourite subject. James is going to spend his holiday in Hawaii 4）有些形式为单数、意义为复数的集合名词用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 例如：people人们，police警察等） There were many people at the meeting . The police have caught the thief.,5）集合名词用作主语时，谓语动词的单数形式取决于集合名词的意义。当集合名词指整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；当集合名词指其中的个体时，谓语动词用复数形式。 （例如：class ，family，group ，team等） The class is the best one in the grade . The whole class are listening to the teacher carefully . Almost every family there owns a car All my family enjoy the life in the country,6）none 作主语时，谓语动词多用复数形式，但作为单数看待时，谓语动词用单数形式。 None of the advice was accepted .。 None of the children of the family are interested in art . 7）some ，any ，all ，more ，most ，the rest half，分数或百分数等作主语时，谓语动词要与它们所指代的名词的单复数形式一致。 Some of the apples remain green .。 Some （of the money ）was spent on clothes.,即景活用 One of my friends _already moved to London. A .do B .does C .have D .has （2）The environment here is better than before . I agree . There _less pollution now . A .are B .is C .were D .was,D,B,2.语法一致 语法一致，即主谓在语法形式上取得一致。如果主语是单数，谓语就用单数；主语是复数，谓语就用复数。 思维拓展 (1)当主语后面跟有with ，together，with ，like ，except ，but ，as well as 等词引导短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。 He as well as I wants to go boating. No one except two servants was late for the dinner . (2)代词each 和由every ，some ，no ，any 等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each ，every时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Each of us has a tape-recorder.,(3)不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Serving the people is our great happoness . (4)名词如：trousers，seissors ，clothes ，glasses 等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数。但这些名词前若有a pair of ，谓语则用单数。 A pair of glasses is on the desk . (5)在定于从句中，关系代词that ，who ，which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。 This is the man who wants to see you . The girls who are coming soon are my students ,(6)由what 引导的主语从句，主句谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果表示复数意义，主句谓语动词则用复数形式。 What we need now is time . What he left me are only some old books 即景活用 Its spring now ._are all green . A .Tree B .The tree C .Trees （2）Swimming in the pool with friends _very interesting. A .has B .have C .is D .are,C,B,3 .就近原则 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近谓语动词的主语的单复数形式。 思维拓展 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语就与临近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen ，a knife and several books on the desk . 当either or ，neither nor ，not only but also 连接连个主语时，谓语动词与临近的主语保持一致。,如果句子是由here 或there 引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语动词通常也和临近的主语一致。 Either you or she is to go . Here is a pen ，a few envelops and some paper for you. 即景活用 Either Mary or he_ going to Paris. Only one person may go there. A are B is C was,B,疑点难点突破 1 .a number of 意为“许多”，修饰可数名词复数时谓语动词一般也用复数；the number of 意为“的数目”，作主语时，谓语动词只用单数。 A number of other plants were found in America. The number of foreign players in Americas NBA has increased.。 2 .“many a +单数名词”作主语，尽管意义上是复数，但因中心词是单数形式，谓语动词也需用单数以符