中考“完形填空”解题技巧与考点分析.ppt

中考“完形填空” 解题技巧与考点分析,. 题型特征,完形填空是综合性较强的测试题型。通常是一篇难易程度与英语教材相当的短文，文中留出15个空白处，每个空白处提供四个选项，要求从中选出一个最佳答案，填入相应空白处，使短文意思完整，逻辑合理，语法结构无误。,完形填空主要是测试考生的综合运用语言的能力。因此，要做好完形填空题，不仅要具备一定的词汇、句型和语法知识，而且还要具备阅读理解能力和综合运用语言知识的实践能力。,.年年中考 “完形填空”试题分析,. 解题步骤,一、通读全文，了解大意,二、仔细推敲，初定答案,三、重读全文，核实答案,一、通读全文，了解大意,完形填空题所给的是一篇意思完整的短文，所选的答案处在整段或整篇的文章之中，所以在做题前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是绝不可省的一步。切勿为了省时，而边看边填，结果，欲速则不达，许多地方看不下去，填空时或不解其意，或是懂非懂，举棋不定，这样不仅失误率高，且费时不少。,每篇短文总有一定的主题思想，段落之间必然能承上启下，前后呼应，句与句之间也一定紧密相连，形成一个有机的整体，因此通读全文时要一气呵成，不要中断思路，只要了解短文的大意就可。某些细节不理解可以跳过。如果不影响答题，可以置之不理。如果与答题有关，可到第二步填空时再琢磨解决。另外，在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头和结尾，因为它们能提供主要的信息帮助了解全文的主旨和大意及文章的中心议题。,二、仔细推敲，初定答案,在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题，答题时要根据文章的内容要求，结合文章的主题，综合运用所学的词汇，语法知识，对每个空所给的四个选项进行认真分析，反复推敲，从而确定答案。可以从以下几个方面入手。,2、根据惯用法或习惯搭配确定答案。,1、根据上下文确定答案。,3、运用逻辑推理判定答案。,4、拓宽知识面，了解一定的人文地理.,5、避免想当然，以文为主。, 、根据上下文确定答案。,a、根据句意，上下文的意思确定答案。 （1）Every morning he would walk down to the local shops to do his _.(2003) A. washing B. cooking C. shopping D. typing,Key: C, 、根据上下文确定答案。,a、根据句意，上下文的意思确定答案。 （2）Ballpoint pens have made life easier for millions of people. At one time _ did not like their students to _ with them. (2002) A. factories B.schools C.shops D.restaurants A.play B.write C. come D. meet,Key: B B,b、根据上下文的线索确定答案。 （1）They give the pupils lessons in many interesting _. Sometimes the “classroom” is a boat. Sometimes it is the inside of a spaceship.(2001) A. places B. rooms C. markets D. parks,Key: A,b、根据上下文的线索确定答案。 （2）When he reached home, he knocked on the _ as he did not bring his key. Surprisingly, no one answered the door.(2004) A. window B. floor C. wall D. door,Key: D,b、根据上下文的线索确定答案。 (3) Usually Davids _ would fetch him home from school but today she was not there.(2004) A. father B. neighbour C. mother D. doctor,Key: C,(2) He decided to try and find out more about the place where his father had _ up.(2005) A. started B. grown C. brought D. kept,2、根据惯用法或习惯搭配确定答案。,(1)We climbed up to the window and looked in , expecting to see our writer typing _ his desk.(2003) A. off B. on C. in D. at,Key: D,Key: B,2、根据惯用法或习惯搭配确定答案。,(3) People have taken photographs of flying saucers(飞碟). We have seen the photos, but sometimes the people had to take them in _. A. a house B. a hurry C. colour D. perhaps,Key: B,3、运用逻辑推理判定答案。,(1)Children in Hollywood must attend classes twenty _ each week.(2001) A. days B. months C. weeks D. hours,Key: D,(2) In the morning, I went to the library to borrow some books to read. There I saw a book which had been interested in for such a long time. When I was just to pick the book down, another smaller and whiter _ appeared and took the book away. A. face B. hand C. leg D. foot,Key: B,4、拓宽知识面，了解一定的人文地理.,(1)Sometimes the “classroom” is a _.(2001) A. bus B. train C. car D. boat,Key: D,(2) Leonardo da Vinci began painting the , one of the most famous _ of all time, in 1503. A. paintings B. films C. songs D. books,Key: A,Mississippi,Mona Lisa,Mississippi,Mona Lisa,Leonardo da Vinci,5、避免想当然，以文为主。,(1) He pays a few dollars and then goes out _ the street.(2005) A. onto B. of C. from D. along.,Key: A,三、重读全文，核实答案。,所有的答案选出之后，应再读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。经过第二步逐句推敲后，对短文内容的理解更为深刻。这时如果再重读全文，第二步中有难解或误解的问题就很容易暴露出来，从而也能得到更好的解决。这一步费时不多却至关重要，切不可等闲视之，掉以轻心。,. 解题技巧与指南,、完形填空就好像是拼图游戏。 a、了解全图。即解题时通读全文，了解大意。 b、将显而易见的图片放入相应的位置，缩小图片搜索范围。根据各图片之间的关系将各图片放入相应的位置。即 使文章完整。 、在不确定的或不会的题号处做记号,目的是为有针对性的阅读作准备。 、每日定时朗读英语文章，培养语感。 、阅读相应的英语文章，例如，新概念英语，丰富词汇，拓宽知识面，了解西方国家的风俗习惯。,解题时将答案填入文中，,解题时将答案填入文中，使文章完整。,Children in Hollywood must attend classes twenty _ eac