最新高考英语专题解析课件-阅读理解[记叙文].ppt

记叙文是以记叙为主要表达方式，以记叙人物的经历或事物的发展变化为主要内容的一种文体。它包括日记、游记、传说、新闻、通讯、趣闻逸事、寓言、传奇故事、 小说等。记叙文常伴随着作者思想情感的流露和表达，因此，议论和抒情往往夹杂其中。在引出话题，讲完一件事情后，作者往往会表达个人感悟或提出建议等。高考中的记叙文讲述的内容多为和中学生的学习生活密切相关的故事。记叙文有以下几个特点：,六个要素：作者一般要交代何人、何时、在何地、为什么、干了何事、怎么样等等, 这也就是我们常说的5个W(who, when, where, why, what)和1个H(how)。 线索/情节：贯穿全文的线索有人物发展的线索、事件发展的线索、人物思想感情变化或作者思想感情变化的线索、时间顺序的线索等等。分析线索有助于把握行文的思路和全文的结构。,记叙顺序：记叙文的叙事顺序主要有顺叙和倒叙, 也可能有插叙。 写作目的：讲故事必定有其目的, 或证明某一理论，或阐明某一概念, 或赞美某种美德,或谴责某种罪恶, 或者让人娱乐等等。,阅读记叙文时, 注意以下几点： 1. 在阅读过程中, 首先要找出“5Ws and 1H”; 然后,按照线索弄清事情的来龙去脉, 理解了文章的脉络，就能理解整个故事。 2. 遇上倒叙的记叙文, 阅读时要从事情本身的发展去理解故事情节而不要只看事件在文中出现的先后位置。 3. 我们在阅读时要通过作者的重要细节描写联系故事情节去领会作者的意图, 对作者重墨泼就的细节描写要重点关注。,4. 这个故事讲了什么？它会告诉我们一个什么道理等。带着这些疑问, 在阅读时就能抓住中心。读完一个故事, 不同的人会得出不同的结论，但是作者的结论只有一个, 我们必须以文章为立足点, 绝对不能“想得太多”。 5. 夹叙夹议的记叙文, 若能理解作者最后的结论就能更透彻地理解记叙部分的内容。,(1) 短文略，见资料书P82,(1) 本文作者(who)回忆了在她失意、沮丧的一天中(when), 独自一人在公园柳树长凳下(where)感叹、绝望时, 一个失明男孩的闯入, 给作者带来生活的希望和树立了对未来生活的积极态度(what)的一个事件。 事情发展的线索： 作者的独处 小男孩的到来 小男孩发现花 小男孩赞花 作者发现小男孩原来是失明的 小男孩送花 小男孩离开 作者的思考,思想情感线索： 对小男孩的排斥与对即将凋零的蔫花的不屑 试图通过尽快接收小男孩的花而摆脱小男孩 发现小男孩原来是个失明的孩子时的心情波动 态度转变认为这是最好的一朵花 对小男孩的赞扬和感激 树立了信心和积极的生活态度。,A. express her gratitude to the little boy. B. recall one of her dark blue days. C. promote a positive attitude towards life. D. show respect to the blind boy.,1. The purpose of the author writing this story is to _.,1. C意图理解题。由文章最后一段末句, “And for all of those times I myself had been blind, I vowed to see beauty, and appreciate every second thats mine”可知作者是通过自己亲身经历的事件来警示人们应该善于发现身边的 美、珍惜生活的每一刻,积极的面对生活。,A. Though in low spirits, the author was delighted to enjoy others company. B. Disillusioned, the author wanted to keep her own company. C. The flower was beautiful but was not attractive to the author. D. Knowing shes unhappy, the boy wanted to please the author.,2. Which of the statements about the story is TRUE?,2. B推理判断题。通过文章第一段和第二段, 作者的情感态度来判断：对小男孩的排斥与对即将凋零的蔫花的 不屑 试图通过尽快接受小男孩的花而摆脱小男孩。,3. The underlined word “vibrant” in Para. 3 can be replaced by _.,energetic B. fresh C. dark D. bright,3. D词义猜测题。这里需要修饰“颜色”的词, 由第三段, 特别是该段第一句中的dying or dead可知。,A. The boy gave the flower to her B. The flower was a window to beauty for the author C. The boy was blind but kind D. The author showed pity for the boy,4. In Para. 4, the author thanked the boy because _.,4. B细节理解题。由第四段倒数第一句中的unaware of the impact hed had on my day.可知现在这朵花对作者来说已经远远超越了其本身, 而是激起情感态度转变的、 对作者有重要影响的通向美的窗口。,A. will be optimistic about later life B. used to be blind and pessimistic C. is a quiet person who enjoys being alone D. is an old and lonely woman,5. We can infer from the passage that the author _.,5. A推理判断题。由第一段的“Disillusioned by life with good reason to frown, for the world was intent on dragging me down.”和最后一段的“vowed to see beauty, and appreciate every second thats mine”等可推断出答案为A。,(2) 短文略, 见资料书P83,A. awareness that life is shy B. lack of courage to speak out in public C. fear of others attitude and reaction D. failure in his participation in class discussion,6. The writer was shy as a child because of _ .,6. C细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第2句可以推知,作者害羞的原因是因为“self-conscious questions”,如担心“其他人会怎么看？”“她要是拒绝怎么办？”, 因此选项C表述全面。,A. life is attention-grabbing and divine B. God treats everything and everyone fairly C. everything in nature is in the favour of God D. the creator of life which needs expressing isnt shy,7. “The law” in Paragraph 4 refers to the fact that _.,7. D推理判断题。根据第三段最后1句可以推知答案。该句的意思是：既然造物主都不为生命的自然表达而害羞, 我又何必如此(害羞)呢？,A. didnt hesitate before sending the note B. wouldnt regret sending the note despite the result C. was not surprised when the girl agreed to go out D. believed in God and felt encouraged by the wideness of life,8. It can be learnt from Paragraph 5 that the writer _.,8. B细节理解题。根据第五段倒数第3、4句可以得知, 作者不再惧 怕,因此不会后悔寄出这封信。选项A错在“didnt hesitate”, 此处与该段第2句矛盾：作者写信时, 受到恐惧和自卑感的侵袭, 因此作者曾犹豫。选项 C错在“was not surprised”, 选项D “believed in God”在原文中没有提及。,9. The underlined word “disaffirmation” in Paragraph 5 probably means _.,rejection B. laughter C. regret D. horror,9.A词义推断题。作者写信约会女孩, 害怕被拒绝, “disaffirmation”的意思是“拒绝”, 也与文章第一段所提到的作者的担心相吻合。,A. blame those who are shy and unconfident B. persuade people to have confidence in their career C. share the personal experience with the readers D. prove that the overcome of shyness helps achieve success,10. The purpose of writing the text is to _.,10. D理解作者写作意图。文章第一段讲述作者小时候性格害羞, 第二至五段讲述作者顿悟, 决心克服弱点, 最后一段讲述作者克服弱点后在生活、事业等方面取得的成功, 因此D项最全面和贴切。选项A错在“blame”, 选项B错在“career”, 选项C未能体现文章的中心思想。,participate in 参加 overcome vt. 克服 speak up 畅所欲言, 大声讲 hold back阻止 shyness n. 害羞 productive adj. 多产的 sth. occur to sb. 某人突然想起某事情,【助读词汇】,Think of the leaves bursting out in the spring time, the bird singing at dawn, the sheer number of different forms of life, all expressing the wideness and scope of divine life.,【难句理解】,结构分析：think of后接三个宾语the leaves, the bird, the sheer number of different forms of life, 句中使用非谓语形式(all expressing the wideness and scope of divine life)进一步修饰这三个名词宾语。,汉语大意：想一想春天里发芽的树叶、在黎明时歌唱的 小鸟以及各种各样的生命, 他们都在诠释着生命的宽广 和神圣。,(3) 短文略, 见资料书P83,A. That she doesnt care about her image. B. That she sticks to being herself. C. That she likes eating and drinking. D. That she is totally different from other singers.,11. What makes the British singer Adele extraordinary?,11. B推理判断题。根据文章第一句的It is her ordinariness that makes her extraordinary。第二段和最后一段可推出Adele不轻易改变自己, 坚持自己的生活方式和脚踏 实地地生活。,A. Kick a ball with ones feet. B. Force sb to go further. C. Begin to be successful. D. Be held back by others.,12. What does the underlined phrase “kick off” mean (in para.4)?,12. C词义推测题。根据第四段最后一句中的Her first album, 19 her age at the time shot to number one in 2008可知她的事业开始腾飞。,A. Because there was something wrong with her voice. B. Because she didnt want to talk too much. C. Because The Sun complained she was too chatty. D. Because her London style was not popular.,13. Why did Adele have to cancel a recent tour?,13.A细节理解题。由倒数第二段的第二句She recently had to cancel a tour because of a vocal chord problem可知。,A. Adele is one of the richest ladies in the world. B. Adele is the 9th most famous British music star. C. Adele shares her success by donating money. D. Adele has totally changed her lifestyle after success.,14. What can we learn from the last paragraph?,14. C推理判断题。根据最后一段的第二句中的she enjoys her success.I give a lot to Great Ormond Street Hospital, monthly可知。,A. The life of a singer, Adele B. Adele, an extraordinary singer C. Adeles secret of being successful D. The singing career of Adele,15. What is the best title of this passage?,15. B主旨大意题。通过全文可知, 本文介绍了Adele的生活背景, 事业成就和成功秘诀等, 故选B, 答案A、C、D都片面。,She is like any normal London girl, except that Adele has had countless number one hits and holds three Guinness Records, one for being the first solo female singer to spend 11 straight weeks at number one in the UK chart.,【难句理解】,结构分析：except后接一个以that引导的宾语从句, 在这个宾语从句中one for being the first solo female singer to spend 11 straight weeks at number one in the UK chart, 是three Guinness Records的同位语, 起补充说明的作用。,汉语大意： 她就像任何一个普通的伦敦女孩一样, 只有一点除外：她有无数的排第一位的受欢迎的作品和保持着三项吉尼斯记录, 其中之一就是作为独唱女歌手连续11周在英国单曲排行榜位列第一位。,Image-obsessed adj. 过分关注形象的 fanatic n. 狂热者 grounded adj. 脚踏实地的 hit n. 成功而风行一时的事物 solo female singer n.独唱女歌手,【助读词汇】,(4) 短文略，见资料书P85,A. Because everyone has a changing circle of friends. B. Because we sometimes forget to renew phone books. C. Because well never forget some of our friends. D. Because our circle of friends will not change.,16. Why are some names always in our phone books?,16.C推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知。,A. Tom has changed a lot since primary school. B. Tom invited the author to the get-together party by email. C. The author recognized Tom immediately because of his big head. D. Tom couldnt recognize the author at the first sight.,17. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?,17. A细节理解题。根据第he was much taller than he had been before. Whats more, his head was no longer big.可知。,A. expectation and excitement B. worries and doubts C. stresses and pressures D. shyness and nervousness,18. What does the underlined word “misgiving” mean (in para. 8)?,18. B词义推测题。由第三段最后三句What would he look like now? Would we still feel as close to each other as we had done back then? I was a little frightened about what I would find.可知。,A. others cant understand what the author is thinking about B. The pizzas are