河北省2019年中考英语二轮复习第二篇语法突破篇语法专题06形容词和副词课件.pptx

语法专题（六） 形容词和副词,PART TWO,第二篇 语法突破篇,【中考考点】 （1）形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级的基本用法。 （2）形容词与副词的基本用法及区别。 （3）形容词、副词的词义辨析。,考点一 形容词,1.形容词的功能 （1）形容词作定语 单个形容词作定语时,放在被修饰的名词前。 She is a good girl.她是一个好女孩儿。 形容词修饰不定代词时,要放在不定代词的后面。 There is nothing important.没有什么重要的事情。 enough作形容词修饰名词时,既可放在名词前面,也可放在名词后面。 We have enough money/money enough to buy every book here. 我们有足够的钱可以买这里的每一本书。 “基数词-单数可数名词-形容词”为复合形容词,放在被修饰的名词前面。 Tom is an eight-year-old boy.汤姆是一个八岁的男孩。,（2）形容词作表语时,与连系动词构成系表结构。 The meal is delicious.这顿饭很美味。 （3）形容词作宾语补足语时,用来说明宾语的性质、状态或特征。 I found the book interesting. 我发现这本书很有趣。,2.-ing类形容词和-ed类形容词的用法 -ing类形容词多指事物对人的影响,一般修饰事物;-ed类形容词多指人对事物的感受,主语多是人。 I felt excited to take part in the exciting activity. 参加这个令人兴奋的活动我感到很兴奋。,考点二 副词,1.副词的分类,2.副词的位置 （1）地点、时间和方式副词一般放在句末。频率副词放在be动词、情态动词及助动词之后,实义动词之前。 （2）副词修饰形容词或其他副词时,放在被修饰词之前。但副词enough通常放在被修饰词之后。,3.形容词与副词的转换,考点三 形容词和副词的比较等级的构成,1.规则变化,（续表）,2.不规则变化 good/wellbetterbest, many/muchmoremost, ill/bad/badlyworseworst, little , farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest,less,least,【巧学妙记】 俩“好”俩“多”“坏病”“远,少”,考点四 形容词和副词常用的句型结构,1.原级常用的句型结构 （1）“as+形容词/副词原级+as”表示“和一样”。 Lucy is as old as Kate. 露西和凯特的年龄一样大。 Tom runs Mike. 汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。 （2）“not+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as” 表示“不如”。 This classroom is that one. 这间教室不如那间大。 He doesnt walk as slowly as you. 他走路不像你那样慢。 （3）表示“A是B的倍”时,用“A+v.+倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B”结构。 Our school is three times as big as theirs. 我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。 注意 说明人或物自身体征、性质时用原级,very, quite, so, too只能用于修饰原级。,as fast as,not as/so big as,2.比较级常用的句型结构 （1）“A+v.+比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数（+介词短语）”表示“A比同一范围内的任何一个人/物都”,含义是“A最”。 Xiaoming is taller than in his class. =Xiaoming is taller than （any of） the other boys in his class. 小明比他班上的其他任何男孩都高。 =Xiaoming is the tallest boy in his class. 小明是他班上最高的男孩。 （2）“A+v.+the+比较级+of the two+”表示“A是两者中较的”。 Look at the two boys. Xiaoming is the two. 看那两个男孩,小明是两个当中较高的那个。 （3）“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。 He is getting . 他越来越高了。 He does his homework more and more carefully. 他做作业越来越认真了。,any other boy,the taller of,taller and taller,（4）“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越,就越”。 you work, your grades will be.你越努力学习,你的成绩就会越好。 （5）“特殊疑问词+v.+比较级,A or B?” Which is bigger, the blue ball or the red one? 哪一个球更大,蓝球还是红球? 注意 表示两者进行比较时用比较级,比较级前可用much, even, a little, a bit, a lot, far等词修饰。,The harder,the better,3.最高级常用句型结构 （1）“主语+v.+the+最高级（+可数名词单数）+in/of短语”表示“是中最的”。 Tom is the tallest （student） in his class. 汤姆是他班上最高的（学生）。 I jump in my class. 我是我班上跳得最远的。 （2）“主语+v.+one of the+最高级+可数名词复数+in/of短语”表示“是中最之一”。 Beijing is in China. 北京是中国最大的城市之一。 （3）“特殊疑问词+v.+the+最高级,A,B or C?”用于三者或三者以上的人或物的比较。 Which season do you like , spring, summer or autumn? 你最喜欢哪一个季节,春天、夏天还是秋天? （4）“主语+v.+the+序数词+最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语”表示“是中的第几最”。 Tom is boy in his class. 汤姆是他班上第二高的男生。,（the）farthest,one of the biggest cities,best/（the）most,the second tallest,.单项选择 1.2018河北 This dog looks . Its wearing red shoes. A.clever B.brave C.funny D.careful 2.2017河北 Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is in China. A.patient B.lucky C.possible D.traditional 3.2017河北 Mr. Liu is a really nice personthe person I know. A.nicer B.nicest C.happier D.happiest 4.2016河北 You bought the last ticket for the concert. How you are! A.sweet B.lucky C.strange D.funny 5.2016河北 I cant tell the exact time. My watch goes a few minutes . A.sooner B.faster C.later D.longer,C,D,B,B,B,6.2015河北 Mom, Im very for all your love. A.thankful B.careful C.useful D.helpful 7.2015河北 The movie covers all of Chinese history. It is worth seeing again. A.mainly B.really C.possibly D.hardly,7.B 句意:这部电影涵盖了全部中国历史,真的很值得再看一次。mainly意为“主要地”;really意为“真的”;possibly意为“可能”; hardly意为“几乎不”。由句意可知选B。,A,B,8.2014河北 How Cindy grows! Shes almost as tall as her mother now. A.cute B.strong C.fast D.straight 9.2014河北 Water is the cheapest drink. And it is also . A.healthier B.healthiest C.the healthier D.the healthiest 10.2013河北 Im sorry Im late. I should get here 10 minutes . A.early B.earlier C.the earlier D.the earliest 11.2013河北 We can hardly believe that you learn to dance so . A.quick B.quickly C.useful D.usefully,C,D,B,B,12.2018邯郸一模 Yummy!It is the Chinese style cake that I have ever had. A.worse B.worst C.nicer D.nicest 13.2018秦皇岛海港区一模 Guess what! Teresa makes her own clothes! Wow, she is so . I could never do that. A.simple B.creative C.popular D.careful 14.2018唐山滦南县二模 We all like her songs. How her voice sounds. A.sweet B.terrible C.low D.high 15.2018张家口桥东区模拟 Your shoes are . Youd better wash it right now. A.dirty B.old C.wet D.clean,D,B,A,A,.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.2018武威 I havent seen them （recent）. 2.2018无锡 The tourists had waited at the airport for two hours. They were getting （patient）. 3.2018徐州 I bought