词语在语境中的翻译.ppt

Translation of words in the context,陈 小 仙,甲：这一点小意思， 请务必收下。 乙： 你这人真是有意思， 怎么也来这一套？ 甲： 哎， 只是意思意思。 乙： 啊， 真是不好意思。 （郭建中： “实用性文章的翻译 （上） ” 上海科技翻译 2001年3期）,请试着翻译以下短对话。你觉得难点在哪里？为什么难？,甲：这一点小意思， 请务必收下。 乙： 你这人真是有意思， 怎么也来这一套？ 甲： 哎， 只是意思意思。 乙： 啊， 真是不好意思。 （郭建中： “实用性文章的翻译 （上） ” 上海科技翻译 2001年3期） This is a little gift as a token of my appreciation. Please do take it. Oh, arent you a bit too polite? You shouldnt do that. Well, it just conveys my gratitude. Ah. Thank you then, though I really dont deserve it,How to translate “意思”?,Teaching objective: To learn to translate words with the help of context,Teaching Focus,Linguistic Context What? 语言语境就是上下文，是指词语，短语，语段或篇章的前后关系。 Why is it important? 1.helps to pin down exact meaning of words in ST; 2. helps to achieve the correspondence in TT, 3. helps to avoid ambiguity; 4. associative meaning is clarified in the context,Famous quotes: Each word when used in a new context is a new word (Firth) You shall know a word by the company it keeps (Firth) 词汇一词多义性。有些时候，字典不一定收录词的某一意思，更不会给出符合语境的对等译文,要根据语境做出推测。,Exercise 1 订,1. 你要订哪种杂志？ 2. 这本书我们没有货，但是可以帮你订。 3. 你能帮我把这本讲义订起来吗？,Exact meaning in the context: 订阅杂志 订购 装订,Translation: Which journal(s) do you subscribe to? We dont have the book in stock but we can orde it. Would you please bind/staple this handout for me?,Exercise 2 Compare the following two versions and decide which one is better,1. 这是民国六年的冬天，大风刮得正猛，我因为生机关系，不得不 一早在路上走。 A. its the winter of 1917. the wind was blowing hard, but I had to walk in the street to make a living. B. It happened during the winter of 1917. a bitter north wind was blowing but, to make a living, I had to be up and out early.,B is better. The context tells us the stress should be put on 早， rather than 走。,B is better. Associative meaning of 不得不 一早在路上走 is better rendered in B.,Exercise 3 请选择最合适的表达来翻译各句中的“心”,1. 心有余而力不足 ones ability falls short of ones _. 2. 您的建议我会永远铭记在心。I will always bear your advice in _. 3. 如果你忘了她的生日我会很伤心的。Youll hurt her_ if you forget her birthday. 4. 居心叵测 to nurse evil_ 5. 得人心着得天下 Those who gain_ among the people will gain the power. 6. 劳心者治人，劳力者治于人 Those who work with _ rule and those who work with their brawn are ruled. 7. 哀莫大于心死 The greatest despair comes from a devastated _.,Heart mind brain intention wish popularity feeling (7 choices),ability,mind,feelings,intention,popularity,brain,heart,Question for thought: Look up the character “心“on all the C-E dictionaries at hand and see how many correspondence in your dictionary? What do you know about the use of dictionary?,Less or far less than the correspondences provided in our exercise,Dictionary is useful, helpful; The correspondence in the dictionary have little or limited context; can not be readily applied everywhere;,Cultural context What? 非语言语境，即文化语境，指的是那些对语义有着制约作用的，语言之外的因素，包括使用语言的具体情境（话题，时间，地点，场合，对象），话语使用者的主观因素（心理，情感，意图）和宏观的社会背景（时代，接济，文化，经济）等多种因素。 Why? 目标语的读者和原语的读者在两种文化体制，两种时代背景下阅读文本。,Comfortable clothes; healthy lifestyle in the eyes of western readers,Exercise 1,布衣蔬食 a. wear clothes of cotton and eat vegetables. b. wear coarse clothes and eat simple food,Please decide which one is better for readers in the English-language Culture?,B is better. Technique: generalization,母亲自己也处过不少的逆境。在大家庭里做媳妇, 这苦处是不难想到的。但是母亲从不曾在我眼前淌过泪, 或者说过什么悲伤的话。 译文一： Mother herself has experienced no lack of adversities. To be a daughter-in-law in a big family, the bitterness was not hard to imagine. But mother had never shed tears or said something sorrowful.,译文二： It was natural for a person like her, with her personal sufferings as an insignificant daughter-in-law in a big feudalistic family. Quite imaginable that she had had bitter experience, yet never once did I see her shed tears nor hear her express grief. (amplification),Exercise 2: Try to make version 1 easier to be understood by adding some cultural elements?,信息完整正确地翻译了。中文语境下的读者非常清楚了。英语语境下的读者呢？,Language should be considered a part of culture and understood in its context. Translator must be giving over the top stress to understand the context so as to produce a good contextualized translation.,Summary,有一天，她又对我像小朋友似的唠唠叨叨，我实在忍无可忍了，就叫了一声：“住嘴！” 然后就凑上前去，压低声音，恶狠狠地说：“亲爱的，我真想揍你一顿，打得你屁股蛋子一半红一半青，你就知道一个男子汉和一个小男孩到底有什么区别了。”听了这话，妻子的表情了：惊讶、害怕、羞涩、娇恬，复杂透转而又笑得死去活来。她的笑，把我也给逗乐了。男子汉的风范还是得不到充分的表现。,Text Translation: Please read the underlined sentences in the text and correct the mistakes in the versions attached.,凑上前去，压低声音，恶狠狠地说： come forward, and said savagely in the down voice,Correction ,Correction: lean very close and threatened her in a lowered voice,上下文语境：丈夫恼怒发火，想以此展现硬汉形象，让妻子不再以小孩般的语气对他讲话。Savagely是字典的词义也是许多同学选词，但不符合语言语境。, 真想揍你一顿 I really want to beat you,Correction ,Correction: I really want to spank you Ive half a mind to spank you,从上下文语境中知道，打的是屁股。所以用spank. 英语中打，咬的部分不同，选词就不一定相同。,屁股蛋子一半红一半青 letting your bottom half red and half green,Correction: Until your cheeks/buttocks turn black and blue,Correction ,文化语境 颜色词，叠词，谚语等都包含了丰富的文化因素。,Homework translate