2020版高考英语一轮复习第1部分Unit3Scienceandnature教学案（含解析）牛津译林版必修5.docx

Unit 3Science and nature单词拼写应用核心单词1consequence n结果，后果2harvest n收获；收成 vt.&vi.收割(庄稼)3transform vt.使改变外观/性质/形态4confirm vt.&vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信5profit n利润，收益 vi.&vt.对有用；获益6conduct vt.实施；指挥乐队7relate vt.联系8insert vt.插入，嵌入9brief adj.短时间的，短暂的；简洁的，简单的 语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1(2018全国卷)Before choices are finalised，parents will be asked to sign to confirm(confirm) their childs choices.2(2016浙江卷)To return to the problem of water pollution，Id like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in Australia in 2012.3The audience complain that inserted(insert) advertisements are boring when they are watching TV series.4The company has been transformed (transform) from a family business to a multi-million-pound operation now.5All villagers，young and old，went out to harvest(harvest) crops.6Profiting(profit) in this way is winning popularity by cheating the public.7He professed a distaste for everything related(relate) to money.8It was your idea，so now you have to accept all the consequences(consequence).拓展单词1permit vt.许可，准可 n许可证permission n准许，许可，批准2judge vt.&vi.判断judgement n判断力；评价；(法律)判决3adopt vt.收养，领养；采用，采纳adopted adj.收养的adoption n采用；收养4accurate adj.准确的，精确的accurately adv.准确地，精确地accuracy n精确，准确5major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n专业majority n多数，大多数6frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐frightening adj.令人害怕的frightened adj.(人)感到害怕的语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1Your judgement is right.Judging from his look，he must be angry with us.But we cant judge a person only by his/her appearance.(judge)2Mary was too frightened to tell her family about her frightening experience because it frightened her to death.(frighten) 3Her father would not permit her to drive alone even though she had got her driving permitWithout her fathers permission，she had to go out by bus or on a bike.(permit)4Support for inter-country adoption is particularly strong in America，where parents adopt more foreign children than all the rest of the world.(adopt)5To predict weather accurately and give us more accurate information，the observers try their best to guarantee the accuracy of their observation.(accurate)6One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job.(major)阅读词汇1agriculture n农业2summary n总结；概况，概要3nutrition n营养 4concept n概念；观念5original adj.原来的，起初的；首创的6breakthrough n突破7profession n职业，行业8catastrophe n灾难，灾祸 9physician n医师；内科医生拓展联想1形近词归纳adopt采纳；收养adapt适应；改编intention意图，目的invention发明hunger饥荒hunter猎人follow跟随fellow家伙，同事concert音乐会concept概念goal目标；球门goat山羊2.“词中词”荟萃firmconfirm证实，证明formtransform使改变外观sumsummary总结，概要rateaccurate精确的cultureagriculture农业sourceresource资源comeincome收入fitprofit利润3.“犯罪”相关联想crime n罪，罪行offence n冒犯，犯罪guilt n犯罪，有罪accuse vt.控告；指控charge vi.控告commit vt.犯(罪)punish vt.惩罚；处罚sentence vt.判决；宣判短语多维应用高频短语1on the one hand.on the other hand. 一方面另一方面2o consideration 认真考虑3put.in place 准备就绪，布置妥当4deal with 处理，对付5be/get burnt out 耗尽体力，累垮6turn out 结果是，证明是；生产语境运用选用左边短语的适当形式填空As is known to us all，more and more technologies are being adopted nowadays，which greatly promotes the local economy.On the one hand，rapid development of the economy improves the living conditions of people; on the other hand，it speeds up environmental destruction.Taking everything into consideration，the government realizes what is most important is to deal with pollution，so they put everything in place to prevent environment from being polluted.7toy with 戏弄，摆弄；把当作儿戏8push ahead with 义无反顾地进行，努力推进9follow in ones footsteps 效仿某人10in favour of 赞同，支持11point out 指出12in summary 概括地说语境运用选用左边短语的适当形式填空Nowadays more and more scientists have the intention of cloning cows，goats and other animals.A physician even has decided to follow in Ian Wilmuts footsteps to push ahead with research in order to produce human body.Some people are in favour of it while others are against it.Those who oppose it hold the belief that this action is toying with nature，and it is illegal.13for sale 供出售，待销售14in agreement with 同意；与一致15compared with 与相比较16make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通17rather than 而不是 语境运用选用左边短语的适当形式填空Independence is the ability to make decisions and choices and to act in agreement with them.Compared with other boys，Tony learned to rely on himself from an early age.He would send milk and sell newspapers for his pocket money rather than turn to his parents for help.His mother thought it made sense to develop the sense of being independent when children were young.拓展联想1学会“总结”好处多in summaryin shortin briefin conclusionin a/one wordto sum up2.“考虑”短语知多少o consideration 认真考虑o account 考虑take account of 考虑think over 仔细考虑think about 考虑3.“for名词”短语小结for sale待售for sure确信for a while 一会儿for ones sake/good/benefit为了某人着想/好/的利益for any sake无论如何句式结构仿写教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1the first (n./pron.) 后常接不定式作定语 The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.(2016四川卷写作佳句)我想在夏天做的第一件事就是躺在树下吃冰淇淋。I think the first thing to do in summer is to lie under a tree and eat ice cream.2.more.than.“与其说倒不如说”The boy was more frightened than hurt.音乐与其说是一种爱好，不如说是一种生活方式。Music is more a way of life than an interest.3.否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM) food.对于学生学习而言，图书馆是最好的地方。Nowhere is better than the library for students to study.精讲8个考纲词汇1adopt vt.收养，领养；采用，采纳(1)单句语法填空The name Rangers was adopted from an English rugby club.Pauls mother had him adopted(adopt) because she couldnt look after him herself.(2)链接写作完成句子艺术运动指的是一些艺术家共同采纳的一种绘画风格。Art movement means a style of painting (that is) adopted by a group of artists先理解再牢记be adopted by被所收养be adopted from选自，取自adopt ones advice/suggestion/plan/idea 采纳某人的建议/计划/想法adopt a positive attitude 采取积极的态度名师点津adopt与adapt两词词形相近，但意思不同，adapt 意为“适应；改编，改写”。2.consequence n结果，后果(1)单句语法填空We must answer for the consequences of our own deed.She was a bright and eager student and，consequently (consequent)，did well in school.(2)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)A great fire broke out，and as a result，the house was completely destroyed.(高级表达)A great fire broke out，and as a consequence/in consequence，the house was completely destroyed.(高级表达)As a consequence of/In consequence of a great fire，the house was completely destroyed.先理解再牢记(1)as a consequence(in consequence) 因此，结果in consequence of(as a consequence of) 由于的缘故，因而answer for/deal with/take/suffer/face the consequences 承担后果of no/little consequence 无足轻重的，不重要的(2)consequent adj.必然的；随之发生的consequently adv. 因此；必然地佳句背诵His decision is of no consequence to me.3.transform vt.&vi.使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态；转化；转换；改造(1)单句语法填空Every moment of every day，energy is being transformed from one form into another.He has made a complete transformation (transform) from a comedian into a dramatic actor.(2)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)Her bitter experience has turned her into a stronger person.(高级表达)Her bitter experience has transformed her into a stronger person.(transform)先理解再牢记(1)o.使变成transform into 转化成；改造为be transformed o.由变成；由迁到(2)transformation n(外观或性质的)改变，变革联想发散“把变成”的其他表达：turn/o.。4.majority n多数，大多数(1)单句语法填空Our country is a traditional agricultural society，with a majority of farming population.But even though some British people are quite strange，the majority of them are (be) really friendly and Ive made some good friends.(2)链接写作完成句子在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人反而占少数。The white are in the majority in Australia while the native people (are) in the minority先理解再牢记(1)in a/the majority 占大多数a/the majority of 大多数by/with a majority of 以大多数(2)in a/the minority 占少数(3)major in 主修；以为专业名师点津the majority of5brief adj.短时间的；短暂的；简洁的；简单的 n简要；摘要(1)单句语法填空Its not easy to be(be) brief，especially on a topic you know a lot about.Briefly(brief) describe the product，but do not give any technical details at this stage.(2)链接写作一句多译简言之，我们不能接受这样的一个计划。Briefly speaking，we cant accept such a plan.(briefly)To be brief/In brief，we cant accept such a plan.(brief) 先理解再牢记(1)in brief简单地说to be brief简言之(2)briefly adv.短暂地；简短地briefly speaking简言之名师点津briefly speaking等由“副词speaking”构成的短语可看成固定搭配，不再考虑其逻辑主语和句子主语之间的关系。6.confirm vt.&vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信(1)单句语法填空He was confirmed(confirm) as captain for the rest of the season yesterday.It has already been confirmed that the meeting will be held next week.(2)链接写作完成句子已经证实所有的人数学考试都及格了。It has been confirmed that all had passed the math exam.先理解再牢记confirm ones belief 坚定某人的信念be confirmed by sb.被某人认可It has been confirmed that.已确定/证实佳句背诵They worked out an effectivemethod，which was confirmed by the leadership.7.favour n赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒(1)单句语法填空Everyone present at the meeting was in favour of what he put forward.Please do me a favour and go to the shop for me.(2)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)Could you help me (to) take these bags in?(高级表达)Could you do me the favor to take these bags in? (favour)(高级表达) Could you assist me in taking these bags in? (assist)先理解再牢记(1)in favour of 赞同，支持in sb.s favour 对某人有利；有助于某人(2)do sb.the favour to do sth.帮助某人做某事do sb.a favour(do a favour for sb.) 给某人以恩惠；帮某人一个忙ask a favour of sb.(ask sb.a favour) 请某人帮忙佳句背诵The decision went in his favour, which delighted him.8.frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐(1)单句语法填空The mothers are frightened of the children going camping，for they may get lost in the mountain.News of the robberies frightened many people into fitting (fit) new locks to their doors.(2)链接写作完成句子米丽娅姆太害怕了，不敢告诉家人发生了什么事。Miriam was too frightened to tell her family what had happened.先理解再牢记(1)frighten.away/off 把吓跑/吓走frighten o/out of doing sth.恐吓某人做/不做某事(2)be frightened to do sth.害怕做某事be frightened of 对感到害怕佳句背诵I will never be frightened into staying silent on this matter.诠释3个核心短语1on the one hand.on the other hand.一方面另一方面(1)单句语法填空On the one hand，I want to sell the house，but on the other hand，I cant bear the thought of moving.For one thing，she is well-educated; for another，she is pretty.(2)链接写作完成句子一方面我们应该发展经济；另一方面我们应该保护环境。On the one hand，we should develop our economy; on the other hand，we should protect the environment.先理解再牢记(1)on (the) one hand.on the other (hand).意为“一方面另一方面”，常用来表述一个事物的两个方面，通常用于引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等。(2)for one thing.for another (thing).意为“首先，再者”，陈述的两个方面的情况常常一致。佳句背诵Im not going to buy it；for one thing I dont like the color，and for another its far too expensive.2.follow in ones footsteps 效仿某人(1)单句语法填空She works in television，following in her fathers footsteps.This can be done if you proceed as follows.(2)链接写作完成句子我们不能盲目地效仿外国的常规。We mustnt blindly follow in the footsteps of foreign practice.我们都应以他为榜样，全心全意为人民服务。We must all follow his example and serve the people with all our hearts.先理解再牢记(1)follow in the footsteps of.效仿follow ones example 以某人为榜样follow ones advice/directions 听从/遵循某人的建议/指示/说明follow traffic rules 遵守交通规则(2)as follows 如下，如下所述佳句背诵She has an unusual style of dressings; she does not follow the o consideration 认真考虑(1)单句语法填空You should take fuel consumption into consideration when buying a car.Could you turn your music down and show a little consideration for the neighbors?(2)链接写作句式升级(普通表达) If you take all things into consideration，you will find that governments would want to ban drugs.(高级表达)All things taken into consideration，you will find that governments would want to ban drugs.(用独立主格结构)(高级表达)With all things taken into consideration，you will find that governments would want to ban drugs.(用with复合结构)先理解再牢记give consideration to.考虑show consideration for 对表示关心under consideration 在讨论/考虑中out of consideration for 出于对的考虑/体谅佳句背诵The murder victims name has not been released，out of consideration for her parents.The proposals they submitted to the committee are still under consideration.突破3个高考句型1(教材P42) The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。句型公式句中不定式短语to be cloned.作后置定语修饰the first mammal。(1)单句语法填空He is always the first to bear(bear) hardships and the last to enjoy(enjoy) comforts.In addition，they will strengthen their ability to accept (accept) new and exciting mathematical challenges.He was grateful for a chance to relax(relax) at the weekend.(2)链接写作一句多译艾米是唯一目击这起车祸的人。Amy was the only person that witnessed the car accident.(定语从句)Amy was the only person to witness the car accident.(不定式)先理解再牢记动词不定式作后置定语的几种情况：(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the only，the last，the right时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。(2)动词不定式作后置定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability，chance，opportunity，ambition，attempt，offer，way以及time，place等。(3)动词不定式作后置定语表示将要发生的动作。2.(教材P50) The boy was more frightened than hurt.这个男孩与其说受伤倒不如说是害怕。句型公式句中的more.than.结构意为“与其说倒不如说”，此结构强调more后面的内容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比，more和than后接不定式、形容词、副词的原级、名词或介词短语等两个并列成分。(1)单句语法填空The man was more brave than wise，so he failed many times.The first city was probably founded no more than 5，500 years ago.(2)链接写作完成句子当他的儿子再次说谎时，与其说他生气倒不如说他失望。He was more disappointed than angry when his son lied again.先理解再牢记no more than 仅仅；只不过no more.than.和 一样不not more than 不超过not more.than.没有那样more than 多于，超过；不仅仅；非常，很；超出佳句背诵I was more than a little angry when I saw how theyd ruined it.3.(教材P59) Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM) food.转基因食品就是最好的例子。句型公式句中nowhere.truer.为“否定词比较级”表示最高级含义。(1)单句语法填空He is studying harder(hard) than any other student in this class.No one is as intelligent as Tom in his class.(2)句式升级 链接写作(普通表达)What an interesting novel! It is the most moving novel that I have ever read.(高级表达) What an interesting novel! I have never read a more moving one(普通表达)It was not until then did I realize I was the happiest in the world.(高级表达) It was not until then did I realize nobody was happier than I was in the world.先理解再牢记最高级意义的多种表达法：(1)the形容词/副词最高级(2)否定词so/as形容词/副词原级as(3)否定词形容词/副词比较级(than)(4)比较级than佳句背诵Nothing is so/as easy as this.单句语法填空1I dont think him to be the best man to do (do) the job because he is very careless.2He was a wonderful father to both his natural and adopted(adopt) children.3Im sorry I offended you，but it wasnt my intention (intend)4Experiments on animals have been conducted (conduct) long before the medicine was applied to patients.5The loss has not yet been calculated accurately (accurate)，but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.6No human being could have passed a happier childhood than me.7She worked hard at her lessons and as a consequence got high marks.8Scientists have recently confirmed that it is possible to develop a malaria vaccine (疟疾疫苗)9Smiling and laughing has actually (actual) been shown to relieve tension and stress.10Security should be taken into consideration with any Website.单句改错(每句仅有一处错误)1Whatever happens，we must push ahead to our plans to increase production.第一个towith2On the one hand，of course，cars are very useful; on the another hand，they cause air pollution.anotherother3You are the second teacher ask me the question today.ask前加to4For me，music is much a way of life than an interest.muchmore5So far，this technology has used to produce plants that are better able to defend themselves against pests and diseases.used前加been6No one knows what effects the GM material might have to the food chain.toon7Electric heaters have their electric energy transformed to heat.tointo8Strictly speaking，you shouldnt enter the lab without the permission.去掉第二个the9One-third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens is black people.第二个isare10The suggestion made by the foreign expert adopted by the manager at the meeting.adopted前加was.课文语法填空根据P4243课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。With Dolly the sheep cloned 1successfully (success) from an adult cell，some other animals have already been created.Some scientists even have 2.the intention to clone 3.humans(human) and they are pushing ahead with research now，4.although/though it is not legal in many countries.China has succeeded in 5producing (produce) clones of cows and goats.Just 6.as the saying goes，“Every coin has two sides.” On