江苏省无锡市普通高中2018_2019学年高一英语上学期期末教学质量抽测试题（含解析）.docx

无锡市普通高中2018年秋学期期终教学质量抽测建议卷高一英语注意事项及说明：1考试前请将密封线内的项目填写清楚。2试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。共150分，考试时间120分钟。3答案一律写在答题纸卡上。考试结束时，上交答题纸卡。第一卷（共95分）一、听力测试（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸卡上第一节（共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. When does it rain a lot in Wuxi?A. In winter B. In autumn C. In summer.2. What does the woman want to borrow?A. Some ink. B. A pen C.A pencil3. What did Eva do yesterday?A. She stayed at homeB. She went to the cinemaC. She went shopping with the man4. What will the man do this Saturday morning?A. Go to work B. See his aunt C. Meet the woman.5. How much does one ticket cost?A.$4.2 B.$1.6. C.$8.4.第二节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6. What can we know about the man?A. Hes leaving the hotel.B. Hes making a phone call.C. Hes asking about the room prices.7. Why does the phone charge surprise the man?A. He doesnt make any call.B. He doesnt talk with the womanC. He doesnt know he should pay so much8. What lesson should the man learn?A. He should pay the phone bill on time.B. He should learn about the charges earlier.C. He should ask for permission to use the telephone.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9. What can we learn about the woman?A. She lives near her company.B. She was late for work today.C. She always comes to work early.10. How does the woman often get to work?A. By bike. B .By bus. C. By car.11. What does the woman think of the mans advice?A.Unacceptable. B. Reasonable. C. Useful.听第8段材料，回答第12至13题。12. Where does the conversation probably happen?A .At home. B .In a shop. C. At school.13. What kind of T-shirt does the man buy?A. A black cotton T-shirt.B. A black wool T-shirt.C. A pink cotton T-shirt.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. What does the woman want the man to do for the party?A. Prepare food. B. Record some music. C. Invite a band.15. When will the speakers meet again before the party?A. This Monday. B .Next Monday. C. This Friday.16. What can we know about the party?A. It is an informal party for entertainment.B. It is a formal party with American food.C. It is an office party with recorded music.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What does the woman think is the most important thing in order to study well?A. Having a good rest.B.Making full use of class time.C. Reviewing lessons after school.18. What does Mary do during the break between classes?A. Read some books. B. Listen to light music. C. Review lessons.19. How much time does Mary spend reviewing her lessons after school every day?A. Half an hour. B. One hour. C. Two hours20. What does Mary do with her mother during weekends?A .Do housework. B. Play badminton. C. Go shopping.二、单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸卡上将该项涂黑。1.In case you feel nervous during the interview, you can make full preparations .A. in return B. in timeC. in common D. in advance【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。A. in return作为回报；B. in time及时；C. in common共有的；D. in advance提前。句意：假如你面试感到紧张，你可以提前做好充分准备。根据句意可知此处表示“事先、提前”，故D项正确。2.He has reached the point he can solve almost every software problem his colleagues may meet in daily work.A. Which B. whenC. where D. that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他已经能够解决同事们在日常工作中遇到的几乎所有软件问题。先行词为the point，从句中不缺主宾表，缺少地点状语，故C项正确。【点睛】分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为the point，从句中不缺主宾表，缺少地点状语，the point where表示“的地步”。3.When youve finished reading the book, dont forget to put it back on the shelf , ?A. do you B. dont youC. will you D. wont you【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：当你读完这本书时，别忘了把它放回书架上，好么？表示请求的祈使句，反义疑问句用will you，故C项正确。【点睛】本题需要注意表示请求的祈使句，反义疑问句用will you而不用do you或dont you。4.-Where is Mary?-Oh, she went out after breakfast, and her paper in the library ever since. You can find her there.A. Wrote B. had writtenC. has been writing D. is writing【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：Mary去哪了？她吃完早饭就出去了，从那以后她就一直在图书馆里写论文，你可以在那找到她。Mary写论文这个动作从过去一直持续到现在，而且还可能继续下去，应该用现在完成进行时，故C项正确。5.All the tickets for the flight have been sold out. You can one for tomorrow.A. save B. reserveC. arrange D. deserve【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. save节省；B. reserve预订；C. arrange安排；D. deserve值得。句意：所有的机票卖没了，你可以预订一张明天的。根据句意可知此处表示“预订”，故B项正确。6.How amazing it is that Zuckberg can speak Chinese! After all, it is a big_ for any westerner to learn such a totally different language.A. adventure B. achievementC. trend D. challenge【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. adventure冒险；B. achievement成就；C. trend趋势；D. challenge挑战。句意：扎克伯格会说中文是多么令人吃惊啊！毕竟，对任何西方人来说，学习一门完全不同的语言是一个巨大的挑战。根据句意可知此处表示“挑战”，故D项正确。7.What you have said are old rules and they dont the students nowadays any more.A. tum to B. apply toC. occur to D. agree to【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. tum to求助于；B. apply to适用于；C. occur to想起；D. agree to同意。句意：你说的都是老规矩，如今已经不再适用于学生了。根据句意可知此处表示“适用于”，故B项正确。8.Dont focus on what youre lacking. Instead, you should be with what youve already had.A. content B. busyC. patient D. strict【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. content满意的；B. busy忙碌的；C. patient耐心的；D. strict严厉的。句意：不要专注于你所缺少的，相反，满足于你所拥有的。根据句意可知此处表示“对满足”，故A项正确。9.Tom has been dreaming of becoming a banker and I believe he finance in university at the age of 20.A. will be studying B. had studiedC. has studied D. would study【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：Tom一直梦想成为一名银行家，我相信他20岁时会在大学里学习金融。“at the age of 20”标明是将来某一时间点发生的事情，应该用将来进行时，故A项正确。10.Today is the best day of my life! Al my years of training as an engineer has finally .A. took over B. picked upC. paid off D. paid for【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. took over接管；B. picked up捡起；C. paid off见成效；D. paid for为付出代价。句意：今天是我人生中最美好的一天，我多年的工程师培训终于有了成效。根据句意可知此处表示“见成效”，故C项正确。11.The steak in the restaurant was terrible. How I wish I rice!A. would order B. orderedC. order D. had ordered【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这家餐馆里的牛排糟透了，我多么希望我点的是米饭啊！根据“The steak in the restaurant was terrible.”判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以应该用had+ 过去分词的形式，故D项正确。【点睛】wish后的宾语从句中，常表示不可能实现的愿望，表示与现在事实相反时，从句谓语用动词过去式（be用were）；表示与过去事实相反时，从句谓语用had+过去分词；表示与将来事实相反时，从句谓语用could/would/should+动词原形。本题根据“The steak in the restaurant was terrible.”判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以应该用had+ 过去分词的形式。12.The future of our city the creativity and innovation of young people.A. takes in B. lies inC. results in D. brings in【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. takes in吸收；B. lies in在于；C. results in导致；D. brings in引进。句意：我们城市的未来在于年轻人的创造性和创新。根据句意可知此处表示“在于”，故B项正确。13.December 25 is the day_ westerners celebrate as their Christmas Day.A. when B. thatC. as D. on which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：12月25日是西方人庆祝圣诞节的日子。先行词为the day，关系词在从句中作celebrate的宾语，故B项正确。14.- It is too difficult for me to learn to eat with chopsticks.- .With more practice, you will succeedA. Its up to you B. Never mindC. Dont lose heart D. Its hard to say【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。A. Its up to you取决于你；B. Never mind不要紧；C. Dont lose heart别灰心； D. Its hard to say很难说。句意：用筷子吃饭对我来说太难学了。别灰心，多多练习，你就会成功。根据“With more practice, you will succeed”判断此处是第二人鼓励第一人，故C项正确。15.-Are you going to accept the offer?-You bet! The salary is not that good, but ,you know.A. better late than never B. actions speak louder than wordsC. a change of work is as good as rest D. a bird in hand is worth two in the bush【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查习语。A. better late than never亡羊补牢；B. actions speak louder than words事实胜于雄辩；C. a change of work is as good as rest换个工作比休息更好；D. a bird in hand is worth two in the bush一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。句意：你要接受这个提议么？你说的没错，虽然薪水不是很高，但一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林（稳握在手的已得之物）。根据“but”判断第二人想要珍惜现在这个提议，不打算冒险看似更好却没有把握的东西，故D项正确。【点睛】对习语意思的理解是解题关键，a bird in hand is worth two in the bush一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林常用来表示珍惜现在所有，不冒险去争取看似更好却没有把握的东西。三、完形填空（共20小题：每小题15分，满分30分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸/卡上将该项涂黑。There were times when I wanted to be a fashion designer, a model or a rock star but I gave up on all of them halfway. The only thing I stuck with was _16_ .Thats why this100 Days of Self Love project was both such a(n) _17_and a challenge.The_18_ I set for myself were simple: one self-portrait(自画像）a day for 100 days. _19_my own advice, I wanted to achieve something _20_of my day job._21_ did I get a sketchbook（素描本） to keep forever out of this project，but I also got a little better with my work ethic（道德标准），_22_ my skills and learned some _23_ lessons. Besides ,I _24_ to myself that I could do it .I learned to look at myself.In our selfobsessed（沉迷于自我的）_25_，we take pictures of our face_26_ without a second thought. I wanted to find out the _27_of self” and see what I could learn . I quickly_28_ that I never looked at my face so _29_ .By about day 20,I got a good sense of what I looked like. I could draw myself pretty well. My face was _30_to me -instead of just being the image in the mirror.Drawing my face every day for 100 days was difficult. But I _31_it! I now have a sketchbook that I could keep for years. Although things are not_32_, I m still proud that I finished this project.This project was a good _33_ that if I set my _34_ on something -and if I m actually crazy about it -I can do it.And _35_ I can do this, what else cant I achieve?16. A. dancing B. playing C. singing D. drawing17. A. joy B. hobby C. adventure D. devotion18. A. limits B. rules C. pressures D. schedules19. A. Including B. Considering C. Following D. Directing20. A. besides B. part C. instead D. outside21. A. Not until B. Not only C. Never D. Seldom22. A. reserved B. explored C. recognized D. improved23. A. valuable B. colorful C. original D. academic24. A. persuaded B. promoted C. proved D. announced25. A. society B. scene C. culture D. air26. A. in no time B. all the time C. at no time D. by the time27. A. wisdom B. tradition C. judgement D. meaning28. A. thought B. imagined C. agreed D. realized29. A. carefully B. curiously C. joyfully D. obviously30. A. similar B. familiar C. attractive D. obvious31. A. reached B. liked C. spread D. made32. A. wonderful B. successful C. perfect D. official33. A. preparation B. reminder C. discovery D. comparison34. A. mind B. dream C. brain D. determination35. A. unless B. if C. though D. as【答案】16. D 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了作者通过百日自画像项目认识到下定决心做某件事时，如果真的为之疯狂，就能成功。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. dancing跳舞；B. playing玩耍；C. singing唱歌；D. drawing绘画。根据下文情节可知，我唯一坚持下来的事情就是画画，故D项正确。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. joy快乐；B. hobby爱好；C. adventure冒险；D. devotion献身。“百日自画像”项目对我来说既是快乐也是挑战，故A项正确。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. limits限制；B. rules规则；C. pressures压力；D. schedules日程安排。我给自己定的规则是每天画一张自画像，坚持100天，故B项正确。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. Including包括；B. Considering考虑；C. Following跟随、服从；D. Directing指挥。遵照我自己的建议，我想在日常工作之外取得一些成就，故C项正确。【20题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. besides况且；B. part部分；C. instead相反；D. outside在外。我想在日常工作之外取得一些成就，故D项正确。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. Not until直到才；B. Not only不仅； C. Never从不；D. Seldom很少。我不仅完成了这个项目，而且我的道德标准也提高了，not onlybut also表示“不但而且”，故B项正确。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. reserved保留；B. explored探索；C. recognized认出；D. improved改进。我的绘画技巧也有了改进，故D项正确。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. valuable有价值的；B. colorful多彩的；C. original最初的；D. academic学术的。我还学到了有价值的教训，故A项正确。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. persuaded劝说；B. promoted提升；C. proved证明；D. announced宣布。我向自己证明了我能做到，我学会了审视自己，故C项正确。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. society社会；B. scene情景；C. culture文化；D. air空气。在这个沉迷于自我的社会里，我们总是毫不犹豫地拍下自己的照片，故A项正确。【26题详解】考查介词短语辨析。A. in no time立即；B. all the time一直；C. at no time决不、从不；D. by the time到时。我们总是毫不犹豫地拍下自己的照片，故B项正确。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. wisdom智慧；B. tradition传统；C. judgement判断；D. meaning意义。我想找出自我的意义，故D项正确。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. thought认为：B. imagined想象；C. agreed同意；D. realized意识到。我很快意识到我从未如此认真地看过自己的脸，故D项正确。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. carefully认真地；B. curiously好奇地；C. joyfully快乐地；D. obviously明显地。我从来没有认真地看过自己的脸，故A项正确。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. similar相似的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. obvious明显的。我对自己的脸很熟悉，而不仅仅是镜子里的自己，故B项正确。【31题详解】考查固定搭配。连续100天画自己的脸是很困难的，但我做到了，make it表示“成功”，故D项正确。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. wonderful美好的；B. successful成功的；C. perfect完美的；D. official官方的。虽然事情并不完美，但我仍然为完成了这个项目而自豪，故C项正确。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. preparation准备；B. reminder提醒；C. discovery发现；D. comparison比较。这个项目是一个很好的提醒：当我下定决心做某件事时，如果我真的为之疯狂，我就能做到，故B项正确。【34题详解】考查固定搭配。此处是说当我下定决心做某件事的时候，set ones mind to do表示“下定决心做某事”，故A项正确。【35题详解】考查连词词义辨析。A. unless除非；B. if如果；C. though尽管；D. as因为。如果我能做到这一点，我还有什么做不到的呢？故B项正确。四、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项,并在答题纸卡上将该项涂黑。APeople in developed countries are increasingly suffering from illnesses resulting from overeating. While starvation and hunger are still big problems in many poor countries in the world, more than 25 percent of the population in America and other western countries are obese. This doesnt just mean you are a little bit fat. It means you are more than 20 kilos overweight.Dr. John Colon from Ohio State University says the problem is only going to get worse.”As more women have gone out to work, you find that parents in general have less time to spend on preparing food. Thats not just cooking, but also planning what to eat, doing the shopping and buying the fresh food. Families, therefore, increasingly rely on ready-made and frozen meals, which tends to be high in fat and contain a lot of additives(materials added to food to improve its taste) and sugar. The other thing is that parents seem to feel guilty about not spending so much time with their kids, so they tend to give more quickly to childrens demands for things like sweets and chocolate.”Ben Brown. who is a British Member of Parliament, blames the big food companies. He wants to ban any food advertising that is aimed at children. The problem is that these companies spend millions of pounds selling food to children. Its all crisps (薯片) in the shape of dinosaurs and chocolate in the shape of Mickey Mouse. I mean_36_whats going to be more fun to an sight-year-old -an ice cream with a free toy or an apple?One food company thinks it has an answer to this: it has invented cheese-flavored cabbage and chocolate-flavored carrots. It developed the Whacky Veg with money donated by a cancer research charity, which found that a diet containing lots of fruit and vegetables helps reduce cancer. However, todays sweet-toothed kids need to be bribed(贿赂)into a healthy diet, and will only cat their greens if they taste different.36. The underlined word obese in Paragraph 1 probably means_.A. Fit B. slimC. overweight D. unhealthy37. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?A. Food companies sell too much food to children.B. Food advertising is responsible for the overeating problem of children.C. An eight-year-old boy prefers an ice cream to a free toy.D. Children like crisps in the shape of dinosaurs and chocolate in the shape of Mickey Mouse.38. In order to solve the overeating problem,_ .A. parents should bribe their childrenB. green food should be invented for the childrenC. parents should force their children to eat more vegetables and fruitD. food companies should invent healthy food with special taste39. What does the passage intend to tell us?A. To warn us of the danger of overeating.B. To tell us that most people in developed countries are overweight.C. To show us that food companies are responsible for the overeating problem.D. To report the overeating problem in developed countries and its possible causes and solutions.【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国等一些西方发达国家所面临的儿童饮食过量问题，并分析了原因食品广告，还提出了解决办法食品公司应该发明有特殊口味的健康食品。【36题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“While starvation and hunger are still big problems in many poor countries in the world, more than 25 percent of the population in America and other western countries are”可知，虽然饥饿在世界上的很多贫穷国家仍是个大问题，但是美国和其他西方国家仍有超过四分之一的肥胖人口，由此可知画线词词义为“过重的”，故C项正确。【37题详解】推理判断题。上文说Ben Brown希望禁止任何针对儿童的食品广告，因为把食品做成玩具形状对孩子更有吸引力，会让他们吃得更多，由此可知，食品广告是造成儿童饮食过量的重要原因，故B项正确。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容，特别是“todays sweet-toothed kids need to be bribed into a healthy diet, and will only cat their greens if they taste different.”可知，现在的孩子都喜欢甜食，我们需要“贿赂”他们，让他们养成健康的饮食习惯，由此可知，食品公司应该发明有特殊口味的健康食品，故D项正确。【39题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国等一些西方发达国家所面临的儿童饮食过量问题，并分析了原因食品广告，还提出了解决办法食品公司应该发明有特殊口味的健康食品，故D项正确。【点睛】在词义猜测题的解题过程中，画线词上下文中具有转折关系的连词是解题的重要线索，例如本篇第1题，根据画线词前的“While”判断前后是两种相反的情况，前面提到了很多人吃不饱饭，后面应该提到很多人因饮食过量而超重，由此可知画线词词义为“过重的”。BTeenagers in America know that theyll possibly need technical skills to find good jobs, but a new survey reveals that interest in technology-related careers may be decreasing. The percentage of boys aged 13 to 17 who are interested in science, technology,engineering and math -or STEM -careers dropped from 36 percent in 2017 to 24 percent this year, according to a survey by Junior Achievement USA. The amount of girls interested in STEM careers stayed unchanged at II percent.But the 1, 000 survey participants still named technology as one of two key skills that will be necessary to prepare them for their future careers.Kids don t understand how technology can be applied to careers in addition to computers, and maybe robotics, said Tammera L. Holmes, president of aviation consulting firm AeroStar