《模块三一单元语法》PPT课件.ppt

Introduction to noun clauses,At lunch, the weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. She wondered if the buses would still be running. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. What surprised me most was that the old man couldnt see anything.,Introduction to noun clauses,Because the clauses in these sentences have the same function as nouns or noun phrases, they are called noun clauses. There are four kinds of noun clauses - the subject clause, the object clause, the predictive clause and the apposition clause.,名词性从句,Presentation,1.A noun clause can be used as the subject of a sentence : 1) That he will succeed is certain. 2) Whether he will go there is not known. 3) What he said is not true. 4) Where he hid the money is to be found out.,2.A noun clause can be used either as the object of a verb or a preposition in a sentence.,1) They know that the habit will kill them. 2) He asked how much I paid for the violin. 3) He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job. 4) I find it necessary that we should do the homework.,3.A noun clause can be used as the predicative after the link verb be.,1) The question is whether we can rely on him. 2) Thats because we were in need of money at that time. 3) He looked as if he was going to cry. 4) Thats why I was late.,4.Explain to students what apposition means.,1) The news that he failed in the exam surprised his parents. 2) Word came that we would have two days off next week. 3) There is no possibility that our team will lose the game. 4) Ill keep the promise that I will help you out when you are in trouble.,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,His job is important.,What he does is important.,主语,This is his job.,This is what he does every day.,表语,I dont like his job.,I dont like what he does every day.,宾语,I dont know about the man, Mr. White.,I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. page9,同位语,Page 5,page5,名词性从句考点归纳,一、名词性从句的语序,（1） 名词性从句构成有两种,a. That + 陈述句,That light travels in straight lines is known to all.,b. 疑问词+句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.,(2) 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句 语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。,他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。 How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( ) How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( ),你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？ Could you tell me where he lives? ( ) Could you tell me where does he live? ( ),F,T,T,F,二、名词性从句连接词的选用,（1）that 和what 的选用,that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。 但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名 词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主 语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从 句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。,that / what,1._ he wants is a book. 2. _ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is _ we won the game. 4.This is _ we want to know. 5.Is _ he told us true ? 6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying. 7. I have no doubt _ he will come. 8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,if 和whether 的选用,不能使用if 的情况： a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 d. 介词后的宾语从句 e. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do. f .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.,if / whether 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 3. Were worried about _ he is safe. 4. I dont know _ he is well or not. 5. I dont know _ or not he is well. 6. The question is _ he should do it. 7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon. 8. I dont know _ to go.,if / whether,Whether,whether,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,whether,其它连接代词和副词的连用,主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的 选择who、which、when、where、why、 how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义， 又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。 _ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided. 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。 I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday. 我不知道他长的什么样子。 I have no idea _ he looks like. 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。 This is _ I left my glasses.,When,who,what,where,引导词that 的省略,that 可省略的情况： 单个宾语从句中的that可省略,that不可省略的情况： a. 主语从句 b.表语从句 c.同位语从句 d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 e. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的 引导词that 不能省略,that/ (that),1.I dont think _ she is coming. 2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake. 3.The reason is _ he is careless . 4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us. 5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud. 6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.,(that),that,that,that,that,(that),that,三、同位语从句的引导和辨别,1.同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词 + 从句 2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等 3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用 whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句。,1. I have no idea _ he comes from. 2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money. 3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise. 4.I have no doubt _ he will win. 5. I have some doubt _ he will win.,that/ whether / where/ how,where,how,that,that,whether,四。同位语从句和定语从句的区别,1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的 具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且 在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分 时可省略。,2.同位语从句对中 心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明， 表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体 含义,且不可省略.,1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed. 2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.,1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university. 2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.,Attributive or Appositive,AT,AP,AP,AT,名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气, 结构为 should + do, should 可省略,He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now.,五。宾语从句的时态呼应,1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. a .他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He believes _ . b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么. Please tell me _.,his dream will come true some day,what you were doing at this time yesterday,2. 如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的 某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规 律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。 He told me _ . 他说他已离开家乡十年了。 He told me _. 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。 The teacher tell us _,he was preparing for the examination,He had been away from his hometown for ten years,light travels in a straight line.,Practice time,1.It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how 2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how 3.It _ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B. thinks that C. is thought that D. is thought that 4.It _ he is late for class. A. may that B. might that C. may be that D. might be what 5.This is _ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what 6.The question is _ we cant go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when,7.The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what 8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what 9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where 10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain. A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built 11.My advice is that he _ regular house. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept 12._ knows the truth will tell you about it. A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That who,13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 14.We heard the news _ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where 15.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if 16.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where,1.-I think it is going to be a big problem. -Yes, it could be. -I wonder _we can do about it. A.if B.how C.what D.that 2._is no possibility _Bob can win the first prize in the match. A.There; that B.It; what C.There; whether D.It; whether,3.A computer can only do _you have instructed it to do. A.how B.after C.what D.when 4.Can you tell me _? A.who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is who C.who that gentleman is D.whom is that gentleman,5.In some countries _is called “equality” doesnt really mean equal rights for all people. A.which B.what C.that D.one 6.Go and get your coat. Its _you left it. A.there B.where C.there where D.where there,7.-_can I do with a situation? -Take _ measure you consider best. How ; whichever B.What; whatever C. How ;whatever D.What; whichever 8. _ she said suggested that she hadnt decided _ to go or not. A.What; if B.That; whether C.What; whether D. Whether; what,9._you dont like him is none of my business. A.What B.who C.That D.Whether 10.The reason_I plan to go is _she will be disappointed _I dont . A.why; because; when B.why; that; if C.because; that; if D.why; that; whether,11.-_can I do with a situation? -Take _ measure you consider best. How ; whichever B.What; whatever C. How ;whatever D.What; whichever 12. _ she said suggested that she hadnt decided _ to go or not. A.What; if B.That; whether C.What; whether D. Whether; what,11.-_can I do with a situation? -Take _ measure you conside