（江苏专用）2020届高考英语3500词汇读练测词汇晨读03（含解析）.docx

词汇晨读03说明：本系列资料的例句尽可能多地选自高考真题或各地模拟试题；凡是形容词+ly构成的副词在本系列资料【拓展】栏目里不予列出。(approachawkward)approach v.走近，靠近，逼近：Approaching the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.接近市中心时，我们看到了一座高约10米的石像。开始考虑，开始着手：He approached the idea with caution.他开始认真地考虑那个主意。n.走近，靠近：The approach of winter brings cold weather.冬天快到了，天气要转冷了。通路，入口：All approaches were blocked.所有的入口都堵塞了。方法，手段：At the meeting they discussed three different approaches to the study of mathematics.在会上，他们讨论了三种不同的数学学习方法。Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with that of their parents.十分之九的父母表示，他们教育孩子的方法与他们的父母的方法有显著差异。【拓展】参看词条means, method, way。appropriate adj.适当的，合适的：Jeans are not appropriate for a formal party.正式聚会上穿牛仔裤不合适。As a new diplomat, he often thinks of how he can react more appropriately on such occasions.作为一名新的外交官，他经常考虑如何在这种情况下做出更恰当的反应。【拓展】后接that从句时，从句谓语通常要用“(should)+动词原形”：It is appropriate that he(should)be present.他应到场才对。appropriateness n.适当性，适合性：Revising involves mixing the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing.修改就是把作品所有方面的有效性和适当性融合在一起。inappropriateWe do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.我们确实知道人们很担心不恰当地使用他们的信息。approve v.赞成，赞同：People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often arbitraryrather than based on fixed criteria.人们抱怨，决定批准或拒绝许可证往往是任意的而不是基于既定的标准。I approve of your choice.我赞成你的选择。I dont approve of smoking.我不赞成抽烟。批准，认可：He approved the building plans.他批准了建筑计划。【拓展1】表示“赞成”、“同意”时，通常不及物，若后接宾语，通常要借助介词of：I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please dont neglect your studies.我同意你去挣一些钱，可是请不要误了功课。表示“批准”时，总是及物动词，后跟宾语时无需任何介词：The city council approved the building plan.市议会批准了这项建筑计划。“赞成某人做某事”不是approve sb to do sth，因为它是不及物动词，不能直接跟sb.作宾语，可改说 approve of sb.s doing sth.：I do not approve of your going out with him.我不赞成你同他一起出去。【拓展2】approval n.：赞成，同意：He showed his approval by smiling.他用微笑表示赞成。批准，认可：The mayor gave approval to the plan.市长批准了这个计划。 approximately adv.大体，大致，大约：The questionnaire takes approximately ten to fifteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment interview.调查问卷大约需要10到15分钟完成，可以与评估面试一起使用。arbitrary adj.任意的，任性的，武断的，霸道的，专横的，独断独行的，随心所欲的：My choice was quite arbitrary.我的选择相当随意。I was unaware of the critical points involved, so my choice was quite arbitrary.我不知道其中涉及到的关键点，所以我的选择是相当武断的。This is an arbitrary decision.这是个武断的决定。Im not used to your arbitrary standards.我不习惯你们那些随心所欲的标准。arch n.拱廊，拱门，弓形：The bridge has three arches.这座桥有三座拱洞。Marble Arch is a famous London landmark.大理石拱门是著名的伦敦标志。v.(使)弯成弓形：The rainbow arches the heaven.虹在天上成弓形。 The cat arches its back when it sees the dog.猫看到狗，便把背拱起。architect n.建筑师，设计师，缔造者：He is known as a successful architect.他以成功的建筑师闻名。A dozen ideas were considered before the chief architect decided on the design of the building.首席设计师考虑了十几个想法然后才决定建筑物的设计。He was the chief architect of the countrys new economic policy.他是制定国家新经济政策的总设计师。He was one of the architects of the republic.他是这个共和国的缔造者之一。architecture n.建筑学(术)：He obtained a diploma in architecture.他获得了建筑学的学位证书。建筑样式(风格)，建筑物： The new house he bought was colonial architecture.他新买的房子是美国初期的建筑。The Forbidden City is one of the worlds greatest works of architecture.紫禁城是世界上最伟大的建筑之一。This church is a fine example of Norman architecture.这座教堂是典型的诺曼式建筑。构造，结构：The architecture of this house is very substantial.这座房子的结构很牢固。Arctic adj.北极的：the Arctic Ocean北冰洋 极冷的：What arctic weather we are having!天气冷极了！area n.面积：Whats the area of the field?这块地面积多大？地区，区域：The low area is flooded very often.这低地经常被淹。Wild swans appearance in the area is a good indication of a better environment.野天鹅在该地区的出现是环境改善的一个很好的标志。From news on education in Yunnan，we can sense that the problem of lacking resources is particularly acute in rural areas.从云南的关于教育的新闻中，我们可以感觉到在农村地区，缺乏资源的问题特别严重。范围，领域，方面：As is expected, AI is an area where China may appear as a leading force.正如所预料的那样，人工智能是一个中国可能成为领先者的领域。【拓展】表示某地的具体面积时，可用含有area的多种表达：这个房间的面积为10平方米。The room has an area of ten square meters.=The area of the room is ten square meters.=The room is ten square meters in area.=The room covers an area of ten square meters.argue v.争辩，争论，争辩(说)，争吵，据理力争：I argued that we needed a large office.我据理力争我们需要一个大办公室。Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use arguing with him.尤金从不愿意改变他的任何观点。和他争论没用。Those who argue that circus life is harmful to animals show little knowledge of these facts.那些争辩说马戏团生活对动物有害的人对这些事实知之甚少。Inviting James and Ivan to dinner on the same evening is a terrible disaster they always argue with each other, which makes us annoyed.在同一天晚上邀请詹姆斯和伊万真是一个灾难，因为他们总是彼此争吵，这一点让我们很恼火。【拓展】argue的相关搭配：Its no use arguing with my husband about money.和我的丈夫争论钱是没有用的。They tried to argue him into joining them in the activity.他们试图说服他参加他们的活动。Idontwanttoargueheroutofdoingthat.我可不想说服她不做那件事.But there are many people who argue for changing their jobs, they argue that change means progress.但是许多人赞成换工作，他们辩解说改变就意味着进步。Let others argue over small things, but not you.让别人去为小事情争论不休，而不是你。It is very difficult to argue against its use.想要反对使用维生素B，十分困难。I never intended to argue on this topic of conversation.我并没有企图争论谁对谁错。You can argue about any of these assumptions.任何假定都可以争论。argument n.争论，辩论：After a long argument, we decided where to go for our holiday.经过长时间争论，我们决定了在哪里度假。论点，论据，理由：There are many arguments against smoking.有许多理由反对抽烟。【拓展】beyond argument勿容/不容/无可争辩的：ItisbeyondargumentthatJapanesemilitaristshadcommittedgravecrimesagainstChinese people.日本军国主义对中国人民犯下的滔天罪行是不容争辩的。arise(arose, arisen) v.出现，发生：A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.在一年前还是废墟的地方，出现了许多高层建筑。造成，引起：Accidents can arise from carelessness.意外事件可能因疏忽而引起。arm n.手臂，臂状物：He was seen walking arm in arm with a lady.有人看见他与一位女士臂挽着臂同行。(用复数)武器，武力：Lay down your arms or well fire.放下武器，不然我们就要开枪了。v.以装备，武装(起来)：The enemy is arming.敌人正在备战。armchair n.扶手椅：This armchair is made of bamboo.这个扶手椅是用竹子做成的。army n.军队，陆军：Withoutapeoplesarmythepeoplehavenothing.没有一个人民的军队，便没有人民的一切。The two armies fought for control of the bridge.两军为占领那座桥而战。大群，大批：An army of ants marched across the path.一大群蚂蚁浩浩荡荡地穿过小径。around adv.在周围，在附近：He looked around.他向四周看看。到处，各处：Children were playing around on the sand.孩子们在沙地上到处玩。环绕，绕圈：The tree measures two meters around.这树周长2米。转身：He turned around and saw her.他转过身就看见了她。到某地方(某人家)：Come around to my place sometime.找个时间来我家玩。prep.在周围，环绕：He put his arms around her shoulders.他搂抱着她的双肩。在的各处，朝的四处，遍及：The boy left his toys around the room.男孩把玩具丢得满屋都是。在的附近，在身边：He lives somewhere around London.他住在伦敦附近。大约：He left his homeland around 1945.他大约在1945年离开家乡。绕过，拐弯：Lets get around the most difficult part.我们跳过最难的部分吧。【拓展】aroundthecorner即将来临/到来，就快到了，就在附近：The final examination is around the corner.期末考试即将来临。We believe that there are educational reforms around the corner that will bring a lot of changes for the better.我们相信，教育改革即将到来，它将带来许多改善。around the clock全天侯，夜以继日：TheBank is openaroundtheclock.那家银行24小时营业。all around周围，四围，前后左右，四下里：There were television crews and pressmen fromallaroundtheworld.来自世界各地的电视工作者和新闻记者齐聚一堂。It kept on raining heavily for a whole week. As a result,we have big floods all around our town.雨下了整整一个星期。结果，我们镇上到处洪水泛滥。arrange v.安排，准备：He arranged time each day for watching comedy films.每天都回安排出时间来观看喜剧电影Can you arrange for a car to take us there?你能安排一辆车送我们去那儿？The secretary arranged a convenient time and space for the applicants to have an interview.秘书为申请人参加面试安排了方便的时间和地点。商定，约定：We arranged with him to meet at the station.我们与他约好在车站见面。整理，排列：We arranged them in pairs.我们把它们成对地排好。【拓展】其后可接不定式，但不接不定式的复合结构，如“我已安排他去参加会议”不能译为“Ive arranged him to attend the meeting.”，可改为“Ive arranged for him to attend the meeting 或Ive arranged that he (should) attend the meeting.”其名词为arrangement (常用复)安排，准备工作排列，整理，商定，约定：Whatever she says will not make any difference to our arrangements.无论她说什么，都不会对我们的安排有影响。Ill make arrangements for you to be met at the station.我将安排人到火车站接你。Thats a beautiful flower arrangement.那花插得很美。Wecancometosomearrangementovertheprice.价钱方面，我们可以商议解决.arrest v.逮捕，拘捕，拘留：Although the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.虽然警方认为他是嫌疑最大的人，但由于他们没有确切的证据，所以无法逮捕他。Staybehindthetape!Sir,staybackorIllbeforcedtoarrestyou.站到黄线后面！先生，后退，否则我不得不拘留你了。Themainoppositionleadershadbeenarrestedorputunderhousearrest.主要反对派领导人都已经遭到逮捕或软禁。阻止：TheFederalReservetookextraordinaryactionstoarrestthiscrisis.美联储采取了非常措施阻止危机。吸引(注意)：An unusual noise arrested his attention.一阵不寻常的嘈杂声吸引了他的注意。n.逮捕，拘捕，拘留：Thearresthascomeasaterribleshock.这次逮捕让人极为震惊。She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful symbol in last years election. 虽然两年前就已遭软禁，她在去年的选举中仍然是势力强大的代表人物。arrival n.到来，到达：Father had left for London on business upon my arrival, so I didnt see him.我一到伦敦，父亲就出差去了，所以我没看见他。On(your)arrival at the hotel please wait for further instructions.到达旅馆后，请听候进一步指示。出现：Thearrivalofthecinemawasoncethoughttoproclaimthedeathofthe theater.电影院的出现，曾经一度被认为宣告了戏院的消亡。到达者：He was the first arrival.他是第一个到的。arrive v.到达，达到，抵达：The play had already been on for quite some time when we arrived at the New Theatre.当我们到达新剧院时，这出戏已经上演了一段时间。You must arrive at the airport two hours earlier.你必须提前两小时到达机场。They have arrived home safe and sound.他们已平安到家。Last night, John was answering the letters that had arrived for him during the past two weeks.昨晚，约翰正在回过去两周来寄给他的的信。来临：The time has arrived for action.行动的时刻到了。达到，达成：At last we arrived at an agreement.最后我们达成了协议。arrow n.箭：He shot arrows one by one, but each missed.他射了一箭又一箭，但都未射中。箭头，箭号：Follow the arrows for Central Station.到中心车站请按箭号走。art n. 艺术，美术：Shall we go to the art exhibition right away?我们马上去看艺术展览好吗？She displayed great ardor for art.她对艺术表现出极大的热心。Language teaching is both a science and an art.语言教学既是一门科学又是一门艺术。技艺，技术：He is good at the art of making friends.他善于交友。The art of painting is not easy to learn.画画的技艺是不容易 络摄像机，其他一些高科技方法也越来越流行。Aside from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.除了是乐趣和有益的锻炼外，游泳还是一种很有用的技能。ask v. 问，询问：You must ask if you dont know.你不懂就得问。请求，要求：Ask him to come early.请他早点来。If you need any help, just ask.你若需要帮忙，尽管说。邀请，约请：I asked her to dinner.我请她吃饭。【拓展】ask for请求，要求，征求，征得：You may ask for help.你可以请求帮助。Could I ask for your reaction to this policy?我能问一下您对这个政策的反应吗？They would stop Lieberman after classes to ask for his advice on cooking.下课后他们会拦住利伯曼以征求他对烹饪的建议。You neednt ask for permission when camping in national parks in England.在英国的国家公园露营时，你不需要征得许可。The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left before I could ask for their names.我还没有来得及问归还我丢掉钱包的那对年轻的夫妇的名字，他们就离开了。Thebossisnotinagoodmoodnow;youdbetternotaskfortrouble.老板现在心情不好；你最好不要自找麻烦了。asleep adj.睡着的：He was asleep with his head on his arms.他头枕着手臂睡着了。Miss Harper closed her eyes and pretended to be asleep.哈珀小姐闭上眼睛，假装睡着了。There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere.有时人们很累，几乎在任何地方都会睡着。Her husband was sound/fast asleep.她丈夫睡得很熟。(习惯上不用 very或very much修饰)aspect n 方面：Deaf people are very attentive in almost every aspect of life. 聋人几乎对生活的方方面面都很关注。The lessons in Basic Math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic.基础数学课程涵盖了算术的每一个基本方面。(建筑物的)方面，方位：The house has a southern aspect.这房子朝南。外观，外貌，容貌：His face had an angry aspect.他面带怒容。assess v.估定，评定，评估：We assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.我们时时在评估决策的利弊。His annual income was assessed at ten thousand dollars.他的年收入估定为1万美元。He can quickly assess a persons character.他可以很快地对一个人的性格作出评估。【拓展】assessment n.评定，估定，意见，看法：After only six months he was due for a raise if this assessment was satisfactory.六个月后，如果评估结果令人满意，就该给他加薪。What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？assignment n.任务，工作，作业：I have always completed every assignment you have given me.我总是完成你布置给我的每一项任务。ShesgoingtoIndiaonaspecialassignmentforhernewspaper.她受委派到印度去执行报社的一项特殊任务。Canyoufinishthisassignmentbytomorrow?到明天你能完成这个工作吗？Thisisanassignmentthatcouldoccupyyouforanentiresemester.这是一项可以占用你整个学期的作业。【拓展】assign分配，指定，指派，布置：The two large classrooms have been assigned to us.这两间大教室分配给了我们。Theyve assigned their best man to the job.他们指派了最优秀的人担任这项工作。Ourteachersassigntoomuchhomework.我们老师布置的家庭作业太多了。assist v.帮助，援助：Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything.技术将起到帮助作用，但并不是万能的。She assisted him in correcting the proof.她帮助他做改校样的工作。I assisted my son with his homework.我帮助儿子做作业。assistance n.帮助，援助：If Mr. Dewey had been present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.如果杜威先生在场，他会向那里的人们提供任何可能的帮助。The plan was carried out with the assistance of foreign experts.该计划是在外国专家的帮助下进行的。【拓展】come to sb.s assistance援助/帮助某人，give assistance to给以/提供援助(帮助)：She felt sure that all her friends would come to her assistance.她确信她的所有朋友都会帮助她的。Thecollegeswerefoundedtogiveassistancetopoorscholars.创建学院的目的是给贫困的学者提供帮助。Why not givetechnicalassistancetoMember Statesandpartners;为什么不给会员国和合作伙伴提供技术援助昵？assistant n.助手，助理，助教：Who is going to be his assistant?谁将当他的助手？Professor Smith, along with his assistants, is working on the project day and night to meet the deadline.史密斯教授和他的助手们日以继夜地为这个项目工作，以赶上最后期限。 adj.助理的，辅助的：She is an assistant teacher in our school.她是我们学校的助理教员。associate v.结交，参加，联合：Dont associate with dishonest boys.不要和不诚实的孩子结交。According to the law, all foreigners have to associate with the local police within two weeks of arrival.根据法律规定，所有外国人必须在抵达后两周内与当地警方联系。联想：People always associate Hangzhou with the West Lake.提起杭州，人们就联想到西湖。n.同事，伙伴，合伙人：AformerassociateofMr.Pierceswasamongtheprojectssupporters.皮尔斯先生的一个前合伙人是这个计划的支持者之一。【拓展】adj.副的，联合的，有关联的：Hewillcontinue to work for thefirmasaspecialassociatedirector.他将作为特别副经理继续为该公司工作。association n.协会，社团：The Chinese Peoples Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries was established in May 1954.中国人民对外友好协会成立于1954年5月。合伙，交际，交往：I benefited much from my association with him.我和他结交受益匪浅。联合，联系，联盟：Wellworkinassociationwithanumberoflocalcompaniestoraisemoneyforthehomeless.我们要与本地一些公司联合为无家可归的人筹款。The power of words lies in their association with the ideas and objects in the objective world. 文字的力量在于他们在客观世界中与思想和事物的联系。assume v.假定/如，以为，想当然：Assuming that we cant get the necessary equipment，we will have to give up the experiment.假如我们不能得到需要的设备，我们将不得不放弃这个实验。He assumed that all men were equal at birth.他认为所有人出生时都是平等的。Hes not such a fool as you assumed him to be.他并非你所以为的那样愚蠢。Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.哪儿的失业率高，哪儿的犯罪率就高，可以认为前者是导致后者的原因。担任(职务等)，承担(责任等)，带有(某性质等)，采用(某形式等)，采取：The motion of matter always assumes certain forms.物质的运动总是表现为一定的形式。I admit I made a lot of mistakes in the work, and I will assume responsibility for them.我承认我在工作中犯了许多错误，我会为他们承担责任。Whoever is in charge of the mining company will assume the responsibility for safety accidents.负责矿业公司的人将承担安全事故的责任。If you assume a negative attitude and complain all the time, whoever works with you is going to feel the same way.如果你采取一种消极的态度，总是抱怨，和你一起工作的人也会有同样的感觉。assumption n.假设，想当然：We are working in the assumption that everyone invited will turn up.我们假定每一个应邀者都会到场。Trytounderstandwhatsactually happening instead of acting on the assumption youve made.要试着去弄清事实，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。assure v.向保证，担保，使确信：Tom assured his boss that he would call forth all his energies in doing this new job.汤姆向老板保证他会全力以赴做好这份新工作。I apologize if I had offended you, but I assure you that it was unintentional.如果我冒犯了你，我抱歉，但是我向你保证我不是故意的。【拓展】assurance保证，担保，确信，自信：I have full assurance of his honesty.我完全相信他的诚实。He gave me a definite assurance that the repairs would be finished tomorrow.他给我确切保证，修理将于明日完工。They were waiting with assurance for me to discover the truth for myself.他们自信地等待我自己发现事实真相。astonish v.使惊讶：His words astonished everybody.他的话使大家感到惊讶。I was astonished at /by the loud sound.我被那巨大的声音吓了一跳。【拓展】astonishment n.惊讶：They all stared with astonishment.他们全都惊讶地瞪着眼。To our astonishment, they arrived on time.使我们惊讶的是，他们准时到了。They heard him give a loud shout of astonishment.他们听见他惊奇地大叫一声。astonishing令人吃惊的，表示事物所具有的特征或性质；astonished感到吃惊的，表示人的心理感受：Here is an astonishing and significant fact: Mental work alone cant make us tired.这里有一个令人吃惊的而重要的事实：仅仅脑力劳动是不能使我们疲劳的。It is believed that if an event is astonishing, it will surely astonish the readers.人们认为如果一个事件是令人惊讶的，它一定会使读者吃惊。Wewereallastonishedattheunexpectednews.听了这个突如其来的消息，我们都十分诧异。We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.我们吃惊地发现那座庙仍然还是原来的状况。astronaut n.宇航员，太空员：My sons dream is to be an astronaut.我儿子的理想是当宇航员。astronomy n.天文学：Astronomy is the scientific study of the sun, moon, and stars and other heaven bodies.天文学是研究太阳、月亮、星星和其他天体的科学。at prep.(表示地点、场所、活动等)在：I saw him sitting at the window.我看见他坐在窗户边。Everybody, we begin at page 50 today.各位，我们今天从第50页开始。(表时间、年龄等)在：What were you doing at that time?当时你在干什么？He got married at(the age of)36.他36岁时结的婚。(表目标、方向等)对，向，朝：He looked at her curiously.他好奇地看着她。Someone is knocking at the door.有人在敲门。(表从事)做，忙于，正在：He was at dinner when I came.我来时他正在吃饭。Shenevertalksattable.她在吃饭时从不说话.(表原因)因为：At the news he became excited.一听到这消息，他变得很激动。She was delighted at the chance.她很高兴有这个机会。(表价格、数量、速度等)以：He sells the cloth at a dollar a yard.他以每