高一第二十一单元Grammar课件.ppt

,人教修订版 高中一年级(下) Unit 21,Grammar,-ing形式具有名词的特征，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语。如：,Subject,In many countries, shaking ones head means “no” and nodding means “yes”.,Beating a child will do more harm than good,It is no use trying to persuade him. He wont listen to you at all.,Object,We can learn a lot about what a person is thinking by watching his or her body language.,Do you mind my smoking here?,Have you finished using the telephone?,Have you considered getting a job abroad?,To keep money that you have found is stealing,A way of saying “I am hungry” is patting the stomach before a meal.,Predicative,One of my bad habits is biting nails.,Seeing is believing.,-ing形式与不定式作主语的区别,1. 不定式作主语一般表示某个特定的、比较具体的动作；而-ing形式作主语则表示抽象的、泛指的动作。如：,It is bad manners to stare at a foreign guest.,Learning a foreign language is very useful to me.,2. 动词不定式的逻辑主语可以由for短语表示。如果逻辑主语与前面的形容词有主表关系，则由of短语表示。 而-ing形式的逻辑主语可用名词或代词的普通格或所有格来表示。如：,Its not an easy job for man to make use of atomic energy.,It is very kind of you to do me a favor.,Wang Mings becoming a college student greatly encouraged me.,置于句首时要求用所有格形式,注意：,3. 在疑问句中，一般用-ing形式的复合结构作主语，而不用不定式的复合结构直接作主语。如：,Does our saying that mean anything to him?,而不可以说：,Does for us to say that mean anything to him?,Its useless studying English without practice.,4. 在句型It is +表示否定的形容词(-less)或名词(no good, no use)后，一般多用-ing形式作主语。如：,Its no use talking about it.,Its no good waiting outside.,-ing形式作宾语应该注意的问题,1. ing形式作宾语只能跟在某些动词 之后。 这些动词常见的有：,admit（承认） advise（建议） allow（允许） appreciate（感激）avoid（避免） consider（考虑） deny（否认） dislike（不喜欢）,enjoy（喜欢） miss（错过） escape（逃脱） excuse（原谅） feel like（想要）finish（结束） give up （放弃）imagine（想象）involve（包含） keep（保持） mind（介意） risk（冒危险） permit（允许） suggest（建议）,I suggest doing it in a different way,We do not permit smoking in the office,In fighting the fire，he risked being burnt to death,She denied having stolen anything,2. 某些短语后也常跟动词-ing形式作宾语。如：,习惯于 be/get used to 喜欢 prefer to 坚持 stick to 谈到 come to 反对 object to 期待 look forward to 导致 lead to 加上 add to 献身于 devote to 开始 get to 被宣判 be sentenced to,习惯于旧方式的人坚持反对新事物,这样导致许多献身于科学的人被宣判为大逆不道.不喜欢这种事实的人谈到此事时,总期待着加上自己的努力使它开始改变。,怎么记?,2. My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate _ from you sometime. A. to have heard B. to hear C. for hearing D. hearing,Exercises,1. Mark often attempts to escape _ whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A. having been fined B. to have been fined C. to be fined D. being fined,3. The thief took away the womans wallet without_ A. being seen B. seeing C. him seeing D. seeing him,5. No one can avoid _ by advertisements. A. to be influenced B. being influenced C. influencing D. having influence,4. Ive enjoyed _ to talk with you. A. to be able B. being able C. to been able D. of being able,7. If I had remembered _ the door, the things would not have been stolen. A. to lock B. locking C. to have locked D. having locked,6. They are considering _ before the prices go up. A. of buying the house B. with buying the house C. buying the house D. to buy the house,9. You cant help _ commercials; every few minutes the program is interrupted to give you one advertisement or another. A. to hear B. to be heard C. hearing D. with hearing,8. Your shirt needs _. Youd better have it done today. A. iron B. to iron C. ironing D. being ironed,11. It is no use _ me not to worry. A. you tell B. your telling C. for you telling D. having told,10. My transistor radio isnt working. It _. A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to be repaired,12. He is very busy _ his papers. He is far too busy _ callers. A. to write; to receive B. writing; to receive C. writing; receiving D. to write; for receiving,13. Please stop _, boys, I have something important to _ you. A. saying; talk B. telling; say C. talking; speak D. talking; tell,14. We cant imagine _ in the entrance examination, for she has never been to school. A. she succeeding B. her succeeding C. she succeed D. her to succeed,15. We suggested _ in hotels but the children were anxious to camp out. A. sleeping B. sleeping C. to sleep D. to sleep,17. It is no good _ remember grammatical rules. You need to practise what you have learned. A. trying to B. to try to C. try to D. tried to,16. Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy _ for her examination. A. to prepare B. to be prepared C. preparing D. being prepared,18. “Why were you so late for work today?”“_ to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic.” A. Driving B. I drove C. To drive D. That I drove,19. Were looking forward_ the photo exhibition. A. to visiting B. to visit C. to having visited D. visiting,20. Do you remember_ me at a party last year? A. meet B. to meet C. meeting D. met,21. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catch