2019秋高中英语单元质量评估（二）（含解析）新人教版.docx

单元质量评估(二)(时间：100分钟满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AWhen I was 16 years old，I made my first visit to the United States.It wasnt the first time I had been abroad.Like most English children，I learned French at school and I had often been to France，so I was used to speaking a foreign language to people who didnt understand English.But when I went to America I was really looking forward to having a nice easy holiday without any language problems.How wrong I was! The misunderstanding began at the airport.I was looking for a public telephone to give my friend Danny a ring and tell her that I had arrived.A friendly old man saw me looking like being lost and asked if he could help me.“Yes，”I said.“I want to give my friend a ring.”“Well，thats nice，”he said.“Are you getting married？But arent you a bit young？”“Who is talking about marriage？”I replied.“I just want to give my friend a ring to tell her Ive arrived.Can you tell me where theres a phone box？”“Oh！”he said.“Theres a phone downstairs.”When at last we did meet up，Danny explained the misunderstanding to me.“Dont worry，”she said to me.“I had many difficulties at first.There are lots of words which the Americans use differently in meaning from us British.Youll soon get used to all the funny things they say.But most of the time British and American people can understand each other！”【语篇解读】作者在本文中讲述了自己第一次到美国时，因为英式英语和美式英语的不同而被人误解的事。1Where was the writer from?AHe was from America.BHe was from France.CHe was from England.DHe was from China.解析：细节理解题。根据文中第一段的“Like most English children，I learned French at school and I had often been to France.”可知，作者来自英国。答案：C2The writer thought_in America.Ahe wouldnt have any language difficultiesBhe would not understand the AmericansCthe Americans might not understand himDhe would have difficulties at the airport解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But when I went to America I was really looking forward to having a nice easy holiday without any language problems.”可知，作者原以为在美国不会遇到语言麻烦。故选A。答案：A3The writer wanted_Ato buy a ring for his friendBto make a call to his friendCto go to the telephone companyDhis friend to see him off解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was looking for a public telephone to give my friend Danny a ring and tell her that I had arrived.”可知，作者是想给朋友打电话。答案：B4From the passage we can see that “give somebody a ring”_Ameans the same in America as in EnglandBmeans “call somebody” to the old manCmeans “be going to get married”Dhas different meanings in America and in England解析：推理判断题。根据文中那位美国老人和作者的对话可知，本题答案为D。答案：DBWhen it comes to learning a foreign language，many people wonder if they will be able to memorize enough vocabulary.But this question never happens about their mother tongue，and yet，it was a foreign language once.However，among all the questions that new parents ask，no doctor has ever heard “Will my baby be able to learn my language？” Be honest，do you know all the words of your mother tongue？The answer is “No.”New words，and new ways of using old words，appear every day.Twenty years ago，who would have been able to understand a sentence like this “Click here to download your digital book？” Nobody.You never stop learning new vocabulary and you never know how long you will need it.Sometimes，you have the word on the tip of your tongue.and it sticks there！But you do know this phenomenon(现象)and dont think that it is because of a bad memory.You should not give this phenomenon more importance in the language you are learning than in your mother tongue.You need to learn only 2，000 or so basic words to be able to create any phrase you need.You cant avoid some work in order to learn these necessary words and all the more if you want to learn quickly.And before you consider buying into any method，be sure it is right for you.It is not wise to depend on any method based upon mnemonics (记忆术)The first words seem very easy to learn，so you buy the course，but then you discover quickly，though too late，that a dozen words later，it is all the more difficult to learn a new word when you have also to learn the trick to memorize it.【语篇解读】学外语是否有必要记住所有单词？5From the first paragraph，we can infer that _Athere is no need to know all the words of a foreign languageBit is honest to answer “no” to a question you dont knowCa baby can know all the new words of its mother tongueDpeople find it hard to memorize vocabulary of their language解析：推理判断题。从第一段中的“Be honest，do you know all the words of your mother tongue? The answer is No.”可知，一个人既然连自己母语的词汇都不可能全认识，那么在学习外语时，也没有必要记住所有的词汇。答案：A6To learn a foreign language，the author advises you _Ato remember new words appearing every dayBto keep up with new ways of using old wordsCto learn at least 2，000 necessary wordsDto pay more attention to your bad memory解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“You need to learn only 2，000 or so basic words to be able to create any phrase you need.”可知C项为正确答案。答案：C7The authors attitude to mnemonics is _Asupportive BneutralCopponent Dindifferent解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中“It is not wise to depend on any method based upon mnemonics.”可知，作者对记忆术是持否定态度的。答案：C8The passage is mainly about _Ausing old words in a new wayBlearning new words from the contextCfinding a method to memorize vocabularyDlearning vocabulary of a foreign language解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了学习外语的问题，人们总是担心自己记忆的词汇不够，但是一个人即使对自己的母语的词汇也并不能全认识，所以也就没有必要担心词汇量的问题，只要掌握一些基本的词汇就可以了，故D项符合主题。答案：DCMany people have tried to simplify(简化)the spelling of English words.Unlike other languages，English sometimes spells the same sounds in very different ways.For example，there is “light” but “white”，“loan” but “phone”，and there are at least seven different ways of pronouncing “ough”：“though” “through” “bough” “cough” “enough”“ought” and “thorough”The American president Theodore Roosevelt almost succeeded in simplifying English spelling.In 1906，Andrew Garnegie started the Simplified Spelling Board.He was one of the richest men in the United States of America.The boards plan was to make the spelling of words nearer to the way they sound.For example，the word “though” would be spelt “tho” and “through” would become “thru”Other people on the board were Melvil Dewey，the head of the New York libraries，and Professor Brander Matthews of Columbia University.They explained their idea to President Roosevelt，who thought that it was indeed logical.He immediately asked the government printer to use simplified spelling in all government letters.But people didnt like the change，even if it made life easier.So the new simpler spelling was not popular.More importantly，when the American politicians(政客)discussed the plan，they did not like it either.Because Roosevelt did not want to have any problems with the politicians，he changed his mind and told the printer to go back to the old way of spelling.Since then no one in any government has dared to simplify English spelling.However，people do simplify some words，mainly in advertisements.For example，we often see “tonite” instead of “tonight” and “thru” instead of “through”【语篇解读】一直以来，有很多人致力于简化英语拼写。美国总统西奥多罗斯福和钢铁大王安德鲁卡内基就曾一起进行过拼写改革。9Many people have tried to simplify English spelling because_AEnglish words are too long to rememberBthere are many mistakes in English wordsClots of words are spelt in many different waysDsometimes the same sounds have different spellings解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Unlike other languages，English sometimes spells the same sounds in very different ways.”可知，人们试图简化英语拼写是因为英语单词有时候同样的发音会有不同的拼写。答案：D10Who is NOT a member of the Simplified Spelling Board?AAndrew Carnegie. BMelvil Dewey.CTheodore Roosevelt.DBrander Matthews.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Andrew Carnegie started the Simplified Spelling Board.”和“Other people on the board were Melvil Dewey.Brander Matthews of Columbia University.”可知，他们三人是简化拼写委员会的成员，而美国总统罗斯福并不是这个组织的成员。答案：C11What was Theodore Roosevelts attitude towards simplified spelling?AWorried. BSupportive.CUncertain. DDoubtful.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“They explained their idea to President Roosevelt，who thought that it was indeed logical.He immediately.”可知，罗斯福对简化英语单词拼写持支持态度。答案：BDLong，long ago，there were a lot of donkeys.The donkeys worked hard every day.They had no time to play or to relax，but they never felt appreciated for the work they did.One day two donkeys got bored.They wanted to live a comfortable life.So the donkeys went to see a wise old man.They told him their problem.The wise old man agreed that they worked too hard，and he wanted to help the donkeys.“I have an idea，”he said.“What is your idea？” asked the donkeys.“I will paint you and no one will know you are donkeys，”said the man.The man went off to find some paint and he returned in just a few minutes.He had two pots of paint.One pot was filled with white paint，and the other black paint.The old man first painted them white，and then painted black stripes(条纹) over the white paint.When he finished，the donkeys did not look at all like donkeys.“You no longer look like donkeys，” the old man said.“Everyone will be fooled.I will call you something else，zebras.”The zebras went to a field to eat grass.Now they did not have to work.Soon，other donkeys saw the zebras.They asked the zebras where they came from.When the zebras told the donkeys their secret，the donkeys all rushed to see the old man.“Make us into zebras，too，”they pleadedSo the wise old man painted more donkeys.As he did，more and more donkeys came.The old man could not paint fast enough.Soon the donkeys became impatient.They began to kick about，and they knocked over the paint pots.There was no more paint.The painted donkeys ran off to become zebras.The unpainted donkeys，because of their impatience，had to return to work.This is why it is important to be patient.【语篇解读】本文以寓言的形式来讲述耐心的重要性。12The two donkeys went to see a wise old man in order to_Atell him their problemBask him for helpCchange into zebras Dget some grass解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“They told him their problem.The wise old man agreed that they worked too hard，and he wanted to help the donkeys.”可知，这两头驴告诉智者是为了请求智者帮助它们，故选B项。答案：B13When the two donkeys returned，why didnt they have to work?ABecause they didnt eat enough grass.BBecause they didnt want to work.CBecause no one knew they were donkeys.DBecause they were no longer donkeys.解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中“You no longer look like donkeys， the old man said.Everyone will be fooled.I will call you something else，zebras.”和第七段“The zebras went to a field to eat grass.Now they did not have to work.”可知，这两头驴不用干活是因为它们看起来不像驴子了，所以没人知道它们是驴子，故选C项。答案：C14What does the underlined word “pleaded” mean?AAdvised. BOrdered.CAgreed. DBegged.解析：词义猜测题。根据第八段中的“When the zebras told the donkeys their secret，the donkeys all rushed to see the old man.”可知，当“斑马”告诉驴它们的秘密后，这些驴火速冲到那位老人那里，所以这些驴应是乞求老人将它们变成斑马，故选D项。答案：D15Many donkeys were not painted by the old man because_Ano more paint was leftBall the paint was used upCthey couldnt wait any longerDhe was too tired to paint解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“There was no more paint.The painted donkeys ran off to become zebras.The unpainted donkeys，because of their impatience，had to return to work.”可知因为它们没有耐心，把染料踢翻了，所以没有染料自然不能变成斑马，故选A项。答案：A第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Improve your productivity(学习效率)Researchers have found that most of our tiredness comes from our mental attitudes.One of Englands doctors JA.Hadfield says，“_16_In fact，tiredness of completely physical origin (缘由) is unusual.”So，rememberthe key to improve productivity is learning to relax.Here are some suggestions for you.Relax from time to time_17_It is said that if you want to master the art of relaxation，study the cat.Think about it.Have you ever seen a tired cat，or a cat with a nervous breakdown？You will probably avoid this kind of feeling if you learn to relax as the cat does._18_Remember that tensions (紧张状态) on the body produce aching shoulders and nervous feelings.Variety and movement keep you physically and mentally alive.The most interesting task can get boring if done for long periods of time，and the most comfortable chair isnt comfortable if the worker must sit in it for hours.Think at the end of the day_19_And if you are tired，is it because of the mental work youve done，or the way you have done it？Generally，if you feel extremely tired at the end of the day，its quite likely been an inefficient (效率低的) day._20_Then yon can work with a new attitude the next day.AThink of a catBWork less hardCWork in a comfortable positionDThis will help you form the habit of relaxingEMake notes of what changes you need to makeFAsk yourself how tired you are at the end of the dayGThe greater part of tiredness comes from mental attitudes答案：16.G17.A18.C19.F20.E第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It was my birthday last Thursday.I decided to _21_ by inviting a few friends out to supper.I chose a restaurant in a _22_ part of town.It is one of my favourite restaurants because the food is good and the waiters are friendly.It is_23_ ever crowded，because not many people know about it，so it is not usually_24_to book a table.In any case，Thursday is not a busy evening_25_When we entered the restaurant，we were surprised to find it completely_26_I looked around but no_27_ was free.One of the waiters recognized me.He came across and explained the situation.“A party of tourists came in about half an hour ago，”he said.“It was like an invasion(侵略)_28_ the place was full！We can hardly manage(对付，应付)”The waiter then pointed to a table in the corner.“The people there are about to_29_，”he said.“Just hold on and youll_30_ a place there.”He was right.Fifteen minutes later，the people at the _31_ table paid their_32_，got up and left.I led my friends across and we all sat down._33_，our table was almost out of sight.We tried to call the attention of the waiter who sent us there，_34_ he，like all the other waiters，was_35_ with the party of tourists.They ordered lots of food.At last，an hour later，the tourists were finishing their meal and looking very_36_ with life.The waiter，now very tired，appeared at our table.I advised my friends about the best dishes and finally the waiter went off with our_37_A few moments later he returned to our table.We could tell from his face that he had_38_ news for us._39_ a little sorry he told us that there was no meat or fish.“All we can_40_ you，”he said，“is an omelet(煎蛋卷)！”【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。文中作者讲述了他那天去餐馆庆祝生日所发生的尴尬事。21A.remember BcongratulateCmemorize Dcelebrate解析：结合上下文可知，上周四是“我”的生日，“我”决定邀请一些朋友出去吃晚饭来庆祝(celebrate)生日。remember意为“记得”；memorize意为“熟记”；congratulate意为“恭喜”，均不符合文意。故正确答案为D项。答案：D22A.calm BquietCbusy Dsilent解析：由文意可知，“我”选定的那家餐馆在镇上一个安静的(quiet)区域，平时不拥挤，所以之后餐厅挤满人的一幕让人吃惊。calm意为“冷静的”；busy意为“忙碌的”；silent意为“寂静的”(用于描述极度的寂静，毫无声响)，均不符合文意。故正确答案为B项。答案：B23A.hardly BoftenChard Dalways解析：结合上下文可知，这家餐馆在一个安静的街区，知道的人不多(because not many people know about it)，所以几乎没有(hardly)很拥挤的情况。hard意为“困难的；坚硬的”；often意为“经常”；always意为“总是”，均不符合文意。故正确答案为A项。答案：A24A.important BpossibleCnecessary Dcertain解析：important“重要的”；possible“可能的”；necessary“必要的”；certain“确切的”。由“because not many people know about it”可以知道没有必要订位，故选C项。答案：C25A.as usual Bin factCas before Din all解析：as usual“像往常一样”；in fact“事实上”；as before“像之前一样”；in all“总而言之”。根据语境可知，此处意为“像平常一样，周四晚上不会忙的”，故选A项。答案：A26A.full BemptyCfree Dquiet解析：由下文“It was like an invasion.the place was full！”可以知道饭店的人很多，已经没有位子了，故选A项。答案：A27A.person BtableCwaiter Dfriend解析：根据语境可知此处意为“我看了看四周没有一个桌子是空的”，故选B项。答案：B28A.Happily BLuckilyCSuddenly DHopefully解析：happily“开心地”；luckily“幸运地”；suddenly“突然地”；hopefully“有希望地”。根据上下文可知此处意为“就像一次侵略，突然这地方就满了”，故选C项。答案：C29A.start BendCleave Dpay解析：由下文“got up and left”可以知道此处意为“那儿的人将要离开”，故选C项。答案：C30A.find BtakeCwait Dsee解析：由下文“got up and left”可知此处意为“等一会你们将找到地方”，故选A项。答案：A31A.right BcornerCend Dfront解析：由前文“a table in the corner”可知选B项。答案：B32A.money BdrinkCfood Dbill解析：由后面的句子“got up and left.I led my friends across and we all sat down.”可以知道别人吃完了付钱走了，故选D项。答案：D33A.Luckily BNormallyCUnluckily DAngrily解析：luckily“幸运地”；normally“正常地”；unluckily“不幸地”；angrily“生气地”。由“our table was almost out of sight”可以知道此处意为“很不幸运，我们的桌子所在的地方很容易被忽略”，故选C项。答案：C34A.but BsoCyet Dand解析：根据语境可知，此处意为“我们想引起服务员的注意力，但他和其他服务员一样，都忙着招呼那一群旅客”。故选A项。答案：A35A.easy BbusyCstrict Dsatisfied解析：固定句型“be busy with sth”意为“忙于做某事”，此处意为“所有的服务员都忙于招呼旅客”，故选B项。答案：B36A.excited BtiredCdisappointed Dpleased解析：excited“兴奋的”；tired“疲劳的”；disappointed“失望的”；pleased“开心的”。look pleased with sth意为“看上去对某事满意”，此处意为“旅客们吃完饭看上去对生活很满意”，故选D项。答案：D37A.order BfoodsCdishes Dmoney解析：结合上下文可知，游客走后，终于有服务员招待“我们”了，“我”向朋友们推荐了最好的菜式，服务员终于带着“我们”的订单(order)离开了。dish意为“盘子，一道菜”；food意为“食物”；money意为“钱”，均不符合文意。故正确答案为A项。答案：A38A.good BbadCvaluable Dpleasant解析：结合下文“a little sorry”可知，几分钟后服务员回到了桌边，“我们”能从他的脸上读出他有坏(bad)消息告诉“我们”。good意为“好的”；valuable意为“有价值的”；pleasant意为“令人愉快的”，均不符合文意。故正确答案为B项。答案：B39A.Remaining BSeeingCLooking DFinding解析：结合上下文可知，服务员看上去(look)有些抱歉，告诉“我们”已经没有肉和鱼了。see意为“看见”；remain意为“保留”；find意为“找到”，均不符合文意。故正确答案为C项。答案：C40A.find BsellCoffer Dbring解析：考查动词。find“找到”；sell“销售”；offer“提供”；bring“拿来”。根据句意可知应选C项。答案：C第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。As we all know，English，which was only spoken by the people living in Britain 41._ the end of the 16th century，began to be spoken 42._ many other countries from the next century with