沪教版_牛津英语3A_知识点总结+习题.doc

牛津英语3A 知识点总结（一）1. 名词：表示物体名称的词1.分类：专有名词：例如人名(Alice)，地名(Shenyang)等 (首字母要大写）普通名词：例如眼睛(eye),头发(hair)等2.普通名词的分类：可数名词：可以数出来的名词，有复数 例如：ear-ears不可数名词：不可以数出来的名词，没有复数 例如：hair可数名词变复数的规则变化：直接+_以_, _, _,_结尾，直接+_以y结尾 _+y结尾，直接+_ _+y结尾，把y变_,再+_以f或者_结尾，把_或者_去掉，再+_以o结尾，大部分直接+_ 但是黑人，英雄，_, _+_可数名词变复数的不规则变化：把man变_单复_ 中国人， _,日本人，鹿，_oo变_ _ _ _加en或者_ 公牛ox(复数） oxen _特殊变化：_练习：1. 选出不同类的单词( ) 1.A. Mary B.Miss C.Mr( ) 2.A.cat B.sheep C.egg( ) 3.A.morning B.afternoon C.hello( ) 4. A.milk B.rice C.doll( ) 5. A.sheep B.ice-cream C.wolf2. 判断下列单词是不是可数名词，如果是写出复数，如果不是，画1. hair _ 2.rabbit _ 3.eye _4. ear_ 5.water_ 6.friend_7. boy_ 8.family_ 9.wolf_10. peach_ 11.sheep_ 12.fish_13. mouse_ 14.tomato_ 15.zoo_16. milkman_ 17.child_ 18.book_3. 用所给词的适当形式填空1. These are my _(book).2. Count the _(chick).3. How many _(boy)? -One _(boy).4. This is my _(bed).5. Its _(ear) are long. Its tail _(be)short. Its a _(rabbit).2. 冠词：1. 不定冠词: _ _ 含义：一个（泛指）用法：a+_字母开头的单词前 例如：一个大苹果 _an+_字母开头的单词前 例如：一个苹果 _2. 定冠词: _ 含义：表示这个，那个，这些，那些（特指）用法：第二次提到 This is a girl. The girl is my friend.说话双方都知道 擦黑板。_ 数小鸡。_3. 零冠词：/ 用法：人名前无冠词 她是Alice._四季前无冠词 在冬天_练习：1. 用a ,an ,/来填空1. This is _egg.2. Its _dog.3. I want _ice-cream.4. In_autumn,its cool.5. He is _Mr Li.2. 翻译下列短语1. 打开门_ 2.穿上我的鞋_3. 一个大苹果_ 4.一个桔子_5. 看黑板_ 6.它的眼睛_3. 形容词:用来形容人或物的词1.形容词的位置放在名词前，修饰名词 例如：长头发 _.系表结构：主语+be+形容词 例如：我很高。_2. 高的 _ 矮的_ 长的_ 短的_ 胖的_ 瘦的_ 大的_ 小的_ 旧的_ 新的_ 老的_ 年轻的_ 热的_ 冷的_ 温暖的_ 凉爽的_ 高兴的_ 伤心的_ 黑色的_ 白色的_3. 同义句它很暖和。_ =_我不高兴。_=_ 练习：1. 写出划线单词的反义词1. Spring is a warm season. But autumn is _.2. I have a big apple. You have a _one.3. My father is tall. My mother is _.4. This is a fat pig. That is a _monkey.5. Dont open the window. Please _it.2. 按要求完成下列句子1. He is fat.(变成否定句，句意不变）_2. My mother is short.(一般疑问句,肯定回答）_3. I am thin.(一般疑问句，否定回答）_4 代词1.人称代词：为了避免重复，用来代替上文提到的人或物单数复数主格形容词性物主代主格形容词性物主代第一人称第二人称第三人称注意：句型转换时：I-you we-you my-your our-your的互换用法：主格+动词 形物代+名词 动词或者介词+宾格I（宾格）- me you(宾格）- you they(宾格）-them2. 指示代词：代替人或物的词（近指） 这个 _ 这些 _ (远指) 那个 _ 那些 _注意：疑问句中出现指示代词时，回答时不能用指示代词练习：1. 按要求改写句子1. These are cats.(单数句）_2. These are my pencils.(一般疑问句,肯定回答）_3. She is my sister.(一般疑问句）_4. These are old books.(单数句）_5. This is a beautiful doll.(复数句）_6. Whats this?(用桔子回答）_7. Whatre these?(用桔子回答）_8. Is this Peter?(肯定回答）_2. 读一读，选词填空 this these you I my your1. -This is _book. -Yes, this is my book.2. _is a blackboard._are desks and chairs.3. This pen is nice. _ruler is long. _pencils are short.4. _room is small. Your room is big.5. _am a girl. _hair is long.6. -_bed is nice. -Thank _.3. 选择( ) 1.-Is _your bed? -Yes, _is.A. these it B.this it C.this they( ) 2.These _ my rabbits.A. is B.are C.am( ) 3.-Who_?-He is my brother Joe.A. am I B.are you C.is he( ) 4.-What are these? -_are my books.A. This B.These C.They( ) 5.Look at _ tail. _short.A. its Its B.its Its C.its Its( ) 6.Count _again.A.they B.them C.their五数词和数字有关的词，叫做数词一_ 二_ 三_ 四_五_ 六_ 七_ 八_九_ 十_ 十一_ 十二_练习：1. 读一读，填入合适的数词1. two,three,_,five2. five,six，_,eight3. one+two=_4. eight+_=ten5. nine+one=_6. twelve-seven=_2. 用所给词的适当形式填空1. Amy has two big _(eye).2. There are four_(book)on the table.3. Is there _(some)milk in the glass?4. -How many _(kite)? One _(kite).5. -How much is it? -Its ten _(yuan).3. 按要求完成下列句子1. Seven chicks.(对划线部分提问）_2. There is a star.(对划线部分提问）_3. These pears are five yuan.(对划线部分提问）_六动词1.实义动词有实际意义的动词叫做实义动词。看_ 看._ 看见_ 打扫，擦_ 打开_ 关上_ 有_ 跑_ 唱歌_ 跳舞_ 画画_ 剪，切_ 剪下来_ 涂颜色_ 弯腰_2.be动词_ _ _口诀：我用_, 你用_,_用于_._,_ _名词用is，复数一律都用_练习：1. 用be动词来填空1. I have a table. The table _new.2. -How much _the oranges? -Two yuan.3. -How _you? -I_fine.4. This lemon _sour. These apples _sweet.5. It_hot.Open the door, plese.6. My hair _long. My eyes _big.7. -Who _he? -He _my father.2. 选词填空1. _(Look, Look at) the kite.2. _(Look, Look at)!The lions kite is high.3. _(Its, Its)ears are small._(Its, Its)a mouse.4. This is my father. _(She,He)is a doctor.3. 按要求完成下列句子1. I am tall. I am thin.(两句合为一句）_2. Here are two pears for you.(单数句）_3. Joe is my brother.(对划线部分提问）_4. Are you my mother?(肯定句）_5. Open the window,please.(否定句）_6. Please clean the blackboard.(否定句)_七方位介词表位方向或位置的词，叫做介词1. 在.里面_ 2.在.里面_3. 在.上面_ 4.在.下面_固定搭配：1. 在雨中_ 2.在水果店_3. 在桌子上_ 4.在天上_5. 在春天_ 6.在夏天_7. 在秋天_ 8.在冬天_8 特殊疑问词单词意思用法1what什么问物体2What colour什么颜色问颜色3What season什么季节问季节4who谁问人5how怎么样问情况6How old几岁问年纪7How many多少问可数名词数量8How much多少钱多少问价钱问不可数名词数量特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+剩余部分的一般疑问句？注意：How much(问数量）+不可数名词+剩余部分一般疑问句？ How many+可数名词复数+剩余部分的一般疑问？练习：1. 对划线部分提问1. Its a rabbit._2. This pear is two yuan._3. Three boys are in the zoo._4. I have two apples._5. It is spring._6. My little brother is one._7. She is my friend._8. He is fine._9. My bag is yellow and blue._2. 应答配对( )1.How many chairs? A.Yes,they are.( )2.Who is the boy? B.Theyre 30yuan.( )3.How much is the toy bird? C.Ten chairs.( )4.What is it? D.Its ten yuan.( )5.Are these dogs? E.Its a bird.( )6.How much are the chairs？ F.He is my brother.9 祈使句：表示命令建议或请求的句子特点：省略了主语you以动词原形开