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附录附录 1关于绿色生产集成发展系统结构的研究关于绿色生产集成发展系统结构的研究蒋继斌 吴奇升 林九光 刘志峰 刘光富合肥科技大学 合肥 230009 中国摘要摘要：有效合理地引导绿色设计是建立绿色制造集成发展系统确定生产生命周期的一个非常重要的前提。 在本文中，从实用性和集成性两个方面来看，目前绿色制造的设计工具是首先被考虑到的，目前可达到的绿色制造集成发展系统的结构是第二位被讨论的，从实际和集成方面考虑的系统发展策略则被放在最后一位。1.介绍介绍绿色制造是和环境、 资源、 能源相容的。 它的绿色属性在它的整个生命周期内被实现。 所谓绿色制造的开发是指它的功能和结构在设计的时候，它的生命周期的不同阶段的绿色程度已经在数字化生产阶段被潜在地设计和估定了。因此时间、质量、花费等的要求已经满足环境和资源的精密要求。现在已经有许多绿色制造设计的设计工具。 但是其中许多只是停留在理论阶段，而不能被传统的设计工具例如CAD、 CAM等吸收利用，也不能支持企业的生产发展。 本文研究的是目前可达到的绿色制造集成发展系统的结构，分析绿色制造在实用性和集成性方面的特殊产品，并在此基础上讨论系统开发的战略。不同的计算机辅助工具可以实现的目的也是彼此不同的。 例如CAD 主要完成产品的几何学模型。相反地，不同的功能目的决定多样化的系统结构。因此在实施系统开发的开始阶段，只是很熟悉被确定系统的功能目的被满足，仅仅只运用那些目的来指导系统的计划和软件开发，只能保证系统能够满足功能要求。传统设计的理论和方法的目的是满足产品的功能、 质量、 时间和花费。 这些要求包括满足顾客要求、 需要、 高质量、 短的制造周期和低费用。 绿色设计和传统设计相比较增加了环境的目标，并且被环境保护集中。 为了排除潜在的消极的影响，它强调在产品的基本属性和环境属性之间的约束。环境的目标是一个宽项的观念。它包括一系列的问题，例如生态环境、资源和公用的能源等。关于生态环境的问题是它在整个生命周期内影响生态环境，例如，污染空气和利用过的水在制造产品时产生的影响生态环境的影响，更有甚者，被处理的产品也影响生态环境。 公用资源也就是资源的容量，特别是非再生资源，被包罗万象和最佳化的利用。 这个目标非常重要，因为资源逐渐的变少。产品的绿色属性在制造、应用和处理阶段非常重要，这是在产品开发阶段决定的。 只有我们很好的关心和懂得在设计产品结构的时候把环境作为我们的一个目标，我们就可以获得生产对生态环境的影响最小，能量的消耗最小，和资源的利用率最大。我们可以从上面的分析中得到一个结论：绿色制造的开发不仅包括传统的被用来满足产品的功能的设计，也包括解决环境能力的设计，因此计算机辅助系统被认为是支持绿色制造生产，且具有多工具和集成化的特性。 当绿色制造集成开发系统的结构再进行设计时必须考虑到这一点。2.目前绿色制造设计工具的机构目前绿色制造设计工具的机构自从 1993 年生命周期工程学被引进以来，关于绿色制造的研究已经被广泛地解决。 许多研究学会和大学已经学习和开发了许多绿色制造的设计工具，许多理论在多年的研究之后被指出，这些工具不仅被指出的理论所证实，而且被设计者的信息设计工具所支持，目前主要的绿色设计工具和针对这些工具的分析在参考书第 3.5.2 节中列举出来。系统结构主要分为两种类型：单一工具结构和集成化工具结构。 这一节将要分析它们的特性和应用领域，基于统一的产品模型作为绿色制造开发系统的理论依据将在这一论文中介绍。2.1单一工具结构单一工具结构绿色设计参考产品的绿色特征在生命周期内的分析和评定。它是一个多方面的多因素的决策过程。 早期的绿色设计工具采用的是单一工具结构和发达的控制工具，是一个特殊的设计内容，。 这个系统单独存在并且不能和其他的设计工具进行通信。例如 DFDS是由合肥科技大学开发的就是属于这种情况的结构。图1是DFDS 的结构。该系统由信息输入系统得到关于结构、装配、零件以及建造的产品网状曲线模型等的信息。 它计算零件的分解方向并且通过一些与绘图和基于网状曲线模型的分析分解计划相关的算法生成产品的分解顺序。 然后它通过分析分解时间和分解问题判断出产品的支撑能力，最终生成关于评估结果的文件提供给设计者，并将应用于修改产品的设计中去。图1 DFDS 的结构DFDS 的研究和开发为设计者提供了一个可以分析分解能力的辅助设计工具。DFDS 可以达到相互分解和促进支撑力设计和绿色设计的研究和开发的目的。但是系统采用单一工具结构，有以下一些缺点：错误：引用源未找到CAD 方面多年的研究表明，关于产品结构、 几何形状、 装配方面的信息是如此多、 复杂并且变化多样，以至于用简单的数据结构来快速传递是非常困难的。DFDS 是由 Vc+开发过的，因为用来存储产品信息的数据结构是有限的，想获得完整的信息是分常困难的，而且它只是提供几个零件。 错误：引用源未找到该系统不是完整的而是开发阶段的工具，例如 CAD 等。结果是一遍一遍输入信息而不自动反馈判断结果。错误：引用源未找到产品的视觉化能力和拆分过程是有限的。 更有甚者，它的操作相对地抽象。2.2集成结构集成结构集成结构把信息的完整视为目标。它实现产品开发过程的完整性并且通过提供相同的数据模型来支持 CAx (CAD、 CAPP 等等)和 DFx（DFA、 DFD等等）之间的信息交换和转移。根据数据模型产品完整性开发结构系统可以分解为两类：（1）基于相同产品数据模型的集成结构。 这种结构设计每一个生命周期发展阶段的工具作为一个整体系统。 产品开发是基于相同的产品数据模型，可以实现系统的高度完整性，并且共享系统信息，如图2（a）所示。图 2 集成机构系统它通过密封开发工具和相同的应用程序接口来构造产品完整的开发系统平台。依据这个平台，不同的使用者可以解决不同产品的开发。开发平台和产品模型之间的交互动作是通过产品数据管理来实施的，它们可以进行开发工具共享信息和产品开发过程的集成之间的信息交换。这个系统的本质是被用来交换、保存和整个生命周期中产品数据的防火墙的产品集合模型。 集成结构是基于相同产品数据模型参考整体和包括关于产品的生命周期信息的产品集成模型。 它不拆分每个开发工具的特殊数据库。 同时，它通过管理产品模型数据库来构造在不同工具数据之间的语义联系。它避免日期的多余信息和日期之间的不一致信息。还有，由公用数据格式支持的产品模型的优点是：它可以简化数据交换过程的开发。 因此，研究者可以有更多时间去了解开发工具的功能，不用去管系统数据的交换。（2）基于不同数据管理模型的集成结构 这种结构是以 PDM 为基础的，在不同的 PDM 平台上结合许多功能软件，达成信息个过程的集合管理。如图2（b）所示。 PDM 通常采用产品数据和基于产品结构模型的模型管理。 在应用文件中有许多冗余的日期，因为在产品结构模型仅仅剥夺了专业产品模型和每个应用系统之间的联系，文件内容的一致性的检查，不能被任何一个产品日期管理系统解决。 底层应用系统被迫按照标准，例如 STEP 和 IGES等建立输入和输出机构。 因为它缺少一个统一的数据模型，另一方面，工作数量非常大，因此很难保证来自另一种系统产品模型的转换数据的真实性。3.绿色产品开发系统的结绿色产品开发系统的结绿色属性是绿色产品的本质属性。因为绿色属性涉及的主要是在生命周期的物料阶段制造、 使用和废弃。 因此它通常在产品开发的数据阶段采用模拟的方式。也在电脑环境中建造虚拟制造、 使用、 废弃和预测未来绿色产品的特性。 在未来，它依据产品和改进的不合理设计影响绿色特性，产品将被开发，最终达到预计的绿色的目的。 另一方面，产品开发涉及到除绿色属性以外的其它模拟特性，例如产品的可持续性和可制造能力。那些特性也需要数字化产品模型。因此，不统一结构的产品模型，没有多余的信息和定向的整个生命周期是认识绿色产品开发的基础，研究者在计划产品开发系统的时候，必须仔细考虑。 根据以上讨论，我们认为集成系统是基于不统一的产品数据模型应该被优先构造。 如图 4所示是基于不统一产品模型的集成开发系统的结构。这个系统主要由一些部件组成。（1）开发工具 当产品为满足不同的生命周期需求而定向时，产品开发系统联合支持开发工具，它们是计算机辅助工具（CAx）和工具设计（DFx）、CAx 是一个可以满足特殊领域产品设计要求的平台。 例如CAD、 CAPP 和CAM等。 仿制产品和计划制造过程可以在这个平台上完成；在 CAx 基础上的 DFx 的开发是技术和可以满足生命周期要求的一个工具。它彻底地考虑产品影响较后面产品设计阶段的程序。例如组合能力、 制造能力和维护能力等。 设计者考虑尽可能多的，可以被每一个CAx 设计结果和理性决定影响的影响功能的因素。 综合在整个生命周期中的每个功能学目标，然后使产品达到最佳。（2）产品模型和模型管理产品模型是设计行动的主要目的，它是绿色设计的基础，并且它包含产品的数据和信息，我们认为它是由不同层次的模型组成的，如图4所示。 第一个模型是最基本的模型，且它和具体的应用事毫无关系的，比如产品的几何模型。 第二个模型被应用于涉及到运用功能的基本模型，比如精确性模型和资源与环境模型。第三个模型是特殊运用的专用模型，比如有限元网络模型，产品模型的有效运用需要管理模型的支持，管理模型和产品模型通常联合成一个功能单元，它可以通过信息交换和存储来识别发展工具和产品模型的相互作用信息，然后再能实现的发展工具中分享和结合信息。 模型管理主要组成数据管理，它是以产品结构和将模型信息变换成适应特殊需要信息为基础。图 4 DFDS 结构（3）知识基础和知识管理基础知识储存了多种多样的涉及到产品开发应用知识的信息。 这些信息是每种开发工具的基础，对设计和评估项目非常重要，所有信息通过它的特殊性和普通性被分成 3 层，第一层是和设计和应用领域相关的知识，比如轴的零件和选择切割量的设计准则；第二层是和特殊的产品设计相关的知识，比如具体的标准和手工绘图的标准，有多种用途的数据可以通过知识管理系统来识别，这些为产品设计要求服务的知识通过知识管理系统的相互作用被传递给开发工具。（4）用户界面每种开发工具产品模型和知识模型被认为是设计者准备的开发平台，每种开发工具通过用户界面应用到产品的开发过程中，通过用户界面存储和获得的数据被控制。过程和信息的非统一管理可以被识别。因此，识别完整的相同产品开发时有可能的。这种结构的重要特性是不同产品的模型基础。 每个开发工具的生命周期和共享信息通过周边用户界面被识别。 然后确保开发产品不仅达到传统结构和功能目的，而且已能达到绿色环境设计的目标，因此，绿色产品可被连续开发。4.绿色产品集成化开发系统的是失策略绿色产品集成化开发系统的是失策略Pro/E 和 UGII 是两个商业软件，它提供功能程序块，例如设计、 模型、 分析、 NC 项目和制造。 他们重视产品结构和制造过程，且它们没有功能程序块，例如分析和评价产品对环境的影响，且不支持绿色设计工具的通信，但是这种系统提供三维空间模型，非统一产品数据模型能被软件引导，且在任何时候，产品几何和功能性描述是必须的，对于产品开发工具如CAPP和有限元分析法。 系统提供惯性模型，用户使用系统使之更为完善能够识别特别功能需求的开发工具因此文章讲述了第三部分开发绿色设计，此设计以商业软件平台支护为基础，且增加和扩展了系统功能，如 DFD 使系统适应绿色产品开发。UGII for DFD 是以 UG 平台来开发的。它把 DFDS 功能模型分成UG 功能菜单且使之与UG 用户相互联系，应用于分析的网络信息能从 UG 模型中获得。 DFD 分析结果直接反映了产品模型系统增加了累积过程，因此，系统的应用能力加强。 目前该系统尚处于试验阶段且受到企业的好评。5.结论结论基于绿色产品集成开发系统结构方面的研究是系统化的，并且对整个系统功能、 特性和运行方式进行全方面的计划，它是由开发的软件的最终控制模型和开发领域来支持，基于绿色产品集成开发系统机构方面的研究的目的是选择一个适当的系统结构和骨架模型，它确保绿色设计和在每一个生命周期阶段的评定被系统识别。因此产品绿色属性在整个生命周期被实施。参考文献参考文献1 刘志峰等 绿色设计 北京 机械工业出版社 1999,9.2 刘光复等 绿色设计的体系结构及实施策略 中国机械工程 2000,9：9659683 刘志峰等 绿色产品评价方法研究 中国机械工程， 2000,9：9689714 杰克森.P.和D.华莱士.集成环境的分析方法和传统设计的思考 CIRP 机械制造工业出版设 46(1):355-360,1997540Research on the structure of green-product integration development systemJiang Jibin, Wu Qisheng, Lin Jiuguang, Liu Zhifeng, Liu GuangfuHefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaABSTRACT In order to conduct green design effectively andscientifically, it is an important premise to build Green-product Integration Development System orienting productlife-cycle. In this paper, viewed from practicality andintegration, current green products design tools are firstlyanalyzed, the structure of current accessible green-productintegration development system is secondly discussed, andthe strategy of system development from practicality andintegration is lastly brought forward. *1 SUMMARYGreen-product is compatible with environment, resourceand energy. Its green attribute is implemented on its whole life-cycle. Green-product development means that its function andstructure. are designed and the green degree of the life-cyclesdifferent stage is virtually designed and assessed its digital-product stage. So the demands of time, quality, cost etc. arefulfilled on the precise of meeting environment and resourcesdemands. There are many design tools about green-productdesign now. But most of them which are on theoretic stagearent integrated with traditional design tools such as CAD,CAM etc and can not support the enterprises productdevelopment. This paper studies on the structure of currentaccessible green-product integration development system anddiscusses the strategy of system development on the base ofanalyzing the specialties of green-product development frompracticality and integration.The aims that different computer aided tools can fulfill arenot the same as each others. For example CAD mainlycompletes products geometrical modeling. On the contrary,different aims of functions decide the structure of diversesystem. So at the beginning of implementing systemdevelopment, only to know well the functional aim ofestablished system to be fulfilled, and only to apply those aimto instructing system planning and software development, canone assure the system to be established meeting functionaldemand.The aims of traditional designs theories and methods areto meet products function, quality, time, and cost. These * This project is supported by the Nation Natural ScienceFoundation of China59935120 demands include the functions of satisfying customers, need,high quality, short manufacturing cycle, and low cost. Greendesign adds environmental aim comparing to traditional designand is centered by environmental protection. As to eliminatethe potential negative effect, it emphasizes on the bondagebetween products fundamental attributes and environmentalattributes. The environmental aim is a wide concept. Itincludes a series of problems such as ecological environment,resource, and the utility of energy etc. The problem aboutecological environment means that it affects ecologicallyenvironment on its whole life-cycle. For example, polluted airand used water generated on manufacturing procedure affectecological environment, whats more, the products which aredisposed can affect ecological environment also. The utility ofresource means the capacity of resource , especial non-recycle resource is utilized comprehensively and optimized.Then the aim is very important because resource isincreasingly scarce. Though products green attribute isimportant when it is on manufacturing, using and disposedstage, it is decided on product development (digital productor blueprint) stage. Then we can achieve the goat ofproducts minimum affect on ecological environment,minimum energy consumption, maximal resource using if onlyif we understand it well and regard environment as one aim byrational design of product structure when we is developingproducts.We can make a conclusion from above analysis: Green-product development not only includes traditional designwhich is applied to fulfill products function but also carriesout environmental capability design., so the computer aidedsystem which is applied to support Green-productdevelopment has characters of multi-tool and integration, andthis point must to be considered when the structure of green-product development system is planned.2 THE STRUCTURE OF CURRENT GREENPRODUCT DESIGN TOOLThe research about green product has been widely carriedout since Alting introduced life-cycle engineering in 1993.Many research institutes and universities have studied anddeveloped some green product design tools while manytheories have been pointed out after many years research.Those tools not only validated these theories pointed out butalso supported designers informational design tools. Thecurrent main green design tools is listed on section 3.5.2 inReferences1, and by analysis on those tools, the structure ofthe system is mainly divided into two style: single-toolstructure and integration structure. This section will analyzetheir characters and applied field as to support theoreticallythe structure of green product development system which isbased on uniform product model introduced in this paper.5412.1 Single-tool StructureGreen design references to the analysis and estimate ofproducts green attributes in life-cycle. It is a multi-fact andmulti-attribute decision-making process. Early green designtools adopted single-tool structure and developed operatingtools for a particular design content. The system existed aloneand could not communicate with other design tools. Forexample, DFDS(Design For Disassembly System)developedby HeFei University of Technology belongs to this kind ofstructures.Figure 1 The Structure of DFDSFigure 1 is the structure of DFDS. This system acquiresinformation about the structure, assembling and parts, andconstructs product net-graphic model by information inputtingsystem. It calculates parts disassembly direction and createsproducts disassembly sequence by some relative algorithmabout applied graphic and analyzing disassembly plan which isbased on net-graph model. Then it estimates productssustainability by analyzing disassembly time and disassemblyproblems. It finally creates files about estimating result whichare supplied to the designers , and to be applied to modifyproducts design.The research and development of DFDS supply an aidedtool which can analyze the ability of disassembly for designers.DFDS can achieve interactive disassembly and prompt theresearch and development of sustainability design and greendesign. But the system adopts single-tool structure, it hassome disadvantages. Many yearsresearch on CAD that indicates informationabout product structure, geometry, andassembly is so much , complicated anddiverse that it is difficult to be expressed bysimple data structure. DFDS is developed byVC+, because the data structure which isused to store product information is limited, itis too difficult to acquire entirely information,and it is only applied to several parts; It isnot integrated with development tools such asCAD etc. Then it results to input informationagain and again and not feedback the estimating resultautomatically. The visual-ability of product anddisassemblys process is limited. Whats more, its operationis relatively abstract.2.2 Integration Structure Integration structure regards information integration as theaim. It realizes the integration of product developmentprocess and supports the information exchange and transferamong CAx (CAD, CAPP etc) and DFx (DFA, DFD etc.) bybeing supplied uniform data model (product model ormanagement model).According to data model, the structure of productintegration development system is divided into two categories:(1) Integration structure based on uniform product datamodel This structure plans every life-cycle developmenttool as a whole system. Product development is based onuniform product data model. It can achieve systemic highintegration and shared information of a system. It is shown infigure 2(a). It constructs product integration developmentsystem platform by encapsulating development tools withuniform application interface. Different users carry outdifferent product developments basing on this platform. Theinteractive action between development platform and productmodel is implement by product data management. Then theyachieve information exchanging between development toolsand shared information and integration in the process ofproduct development. The essence of this system is productintegration model which is applied to exchange, save,pigeonhole of product data in the whole life-cycle. Integrationstructure which is based on uniform product data modelreferences to uniform and product integration model includinglife-cycle information about the product. It discards everydevelopment tools special database. At the same time, itconstructs semantic relation between different tool data bymanaging product model data. Then it avoids datesredundancy and non-consistence between dates. Whatsmore, the advantage of product model with applied publicdata format is that it can reduce the developments of data-exchange processor. So researchers can spare more time torealizing the function of development tools, but not realizingsystem integrative data exchange. (a) (b)Figure2 The System of Integration Structure(2) integration structure based on uniform datamanagement model The structure is based onPDM(Product Data Management), and integrates manyfunctional software on uniform PDM platform, and achievesintegration management of information and process. It isData-exchange processorPDM systemIntegration productmodelProduct data managemenDevelopment system platformSpecialty productmodelSpecialty productmodelProduct informationAnalysis resultInformationinputtingInformationmodelingDisassemblyplanning? Base information? Part information? Assembly information? Net graph model? Layer relation? Disassembly direction? Disassembly sequence? ProductData BaseProduct modelUser interfaceDFA DFD DFxCAD CAPP CAxDevelopmentToolsbasal modelAppliedbasal modelProfessionalapplied modelKnowledge baseKnowledgeResourceUniversalknowledgeProfessionalknowledge542shown on figure 2(b). PDM usually adopts product data andmodel management based on product structure model. Thereis plenty of redundant dates in applied files because onproduct structure model only proscribes the relation betweenprofessional product model and each applied system. Theconsistence check of files content can not been carried outby product dates management system either. Low-layerapplied systems is forced to establish Mechanism of input andoutput conformed by standards such as STEP and IGESetc. because it lacks an integrative data model. On the otherhand, the work amount is very large. So it is difficult to assureveracity of transforming data from one systemic productmodel to another.3 THE STRUCTURE OF GREENPRODUCT INTEGRATIONDEVELOPMENT SYSTEMGreen attribute is the essential character of green product.Because what green attribute references to mainly ismanufacturing, using, and disposing which are on life-cyclesmaterial stage. So it usually adopts simulating way on thedigital stage of product development. It also constructs virtualmanufacturing, using and disposed environment on computerand predicts future green products character. In the future itappraises product green attribute on the basis of product andmodifies irrational design affecting green attribute. Theproduct to be developed finally reaches scheduled green aims.On the other hand, product development references to othersimulating characters besides green attribute such assustainability and manufacturing-ability of product. Thosecharacters need digital product model too. So product modelwith uniform structure, no redundant information and orientedthe whole life-cycle are the bases of realizing green productdevelopment , and it must to be considered carefully whenresearchers are planning product development system.According as above discussions, we think that the integrationsystem based on uniform product data model should bepreferred structure. What is shown in figure 4 is the structureof integration development system based on uniform productmodel. This system mainly consists of some components.Figure3 The Structure of Green Product IntegrationDevelopment System(1) Development tool Product development systemsupplies correspondent supporting development tools whenproduct is oriented for different applied demands in life-cycle.They are computer aided tools (CAx) and Design for X tools(DFx), and CAx is a platform that can meet demands inspecial fields of product design. Such as CAD, CAPP andCAM etc, modeling product and planning manufacturingprocess can be finished on this platform; DFx developed onthe basis of CAx is technology and a tools that can meet life-cycle demands, it considers thoroughly what product affectson later procedure of product design stage, such as assembly-ability, manufacturing-ability and maintain-ability etc, designersconsider as many factors as possible which can affectfunction by appraising every CAx designing results andrational decisions. Then it makes product achieve an optimumaim that synthesizes each functional index in the whole life-cycle.(2) Product model and model managementProduct model is the object manipulated by design activity. Itis the essence of green design, and is the data and informationset of product. We consider it consists of different layermodel from figure 4. The first model is basal model which isnot relative to concrete application, such as productgeometrical model. The second model is applied basal modelwhich references to applied function, such as precision modeland resource & environment model. The third model isprofessional applied model for particular application, such asFinite-Element net model. Effective application of productmodel need supporting from management model. Managementmodel and product model are usually combined into onefunctional unit. It can realize interactive information betweendevelopment tool and product model by controllinginformation exchange and storing. Then shared and integratedinformation among all development tools can be achieved.Model management mainly consists of data managementwhich is based on product structure and the mechanism oftransforming model information into applied requirementinformation.(3) Knowledge base and knowledge managementKnowledge base stores much information about all sorts ofapplied knowledge which references to product development.These information is the applied basis of every developmenttool and necessary for designing and estimating project. Allinformation is divided into three layers by its specialties anduniversal character. The first layer is knowledge which isrelated to project and applied field. Such as design rule ofaxial parts and the rule of selecting cutting parameters. Thesecond is knowledge which is related to particular productdesign. Such as enterprise standard and knowledge aboutenterprise manufacturing resource. The third is knowledgewhich is independent of application. Such as materialstandards and mechanical drawing standards. The storing andutility of knowledge data is realized by knowledgemanagement system. These knowledge for product designapplied demand which supports the being carried out projectis delivered to development tool by knowledge managementsystem interface.(4) User interface Each development tool(CAxand DFx), product model and knowledge base areencapsulated as a uniform development platform for designers.Each development tool can be harmoniously applied toprocess of product development by user interface. By userinterface, the storing and acquiring of data and knowledge iscontrolled consistently, and then the uniformly management ofprocess and information is realized. So it is possible to realizeintegrated and parallel product development.One important character of this structure is the modelbased on uniform product. Each life-cycle development tooland shared information is realized by enclosure of userinterface. Then it can ensure that developed product achievesnot only traditional structure and function aim but alsoenvironmental green aim. So green product can besuccessively developed.4 THE IMPLEMENT STRATEGY OFGREEN PRODUCT INTEGRATIONDEVELOPMENT SYSTEMPro/E and UGII which are both commercial supportingsoftware supply functional module such as design, model,analyze, NC programming and manufacture etc. Theyemphasize on product structure and manufacturing process,and they havent functional module such as about analysisand estimating environment affected by product and dont543support correspondent green design tool. But Thi