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QY40 汽车起重机 液压 系统 设计

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QY40型汽车起重机液压系统的设计,QY40,汽车起重机,液压,系统,设计

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液压传动控制是工业中经常用到的一种控制方式，它采用液压完成传递能量的过程。因为液压传动控制方式的灵活性和便捷性，液压控制在工业上受到广泛的重视。液压传动是研究以有压流体为能源介质，来实现各种机械和自动控制的学科。液压传动利用这种元件来组成所需要的各种控制回路，再由若干回路有机组合成为完成一定控制功能的传动系统来完成能量的传递、转换和控制。从原理上来说，液压传动所基于的最基本的原理就是帕斯卡原理，就是说，液体各处的压强是一致的，这样，在平衡的系统中，比较小的活塞上面施加的压力比较小，而大的活塞上施加的压力也比较大，这样能够保持液体的静止。所以通过液体的传递，可以得到不同端上的不同的压力，这样就可以达到一个变换的目的。我们所常见到的液压千斤顶就是利用了这个原理来达到力的传递。液压传动基本原理液压传动中所需要的元件主要有动力元件、执行元件、控制元件、辅助元件等。其中液压动力元件是为液压系统产生动力的部件，主要包括各种液压泵。液压泵依靠容积变化原理来工作，所以一般也称为容积液压泵。齿轮泵是最常见的一种液压泵，它通过两个啮合的齿轮的转动使得液体进行运动。其他的液压泵还有叶片泵、柱塞泵，在选择液压泵的时候主要需要注意的问题包括消耗的能量、效率、降低噪音。液压执行元件是用来执行将液压泵提供的液压能转变成机械能的装置，主要包括液压缸和液压马达。液压马达是与液压泵做相反的工作的装置，也就是把液压的能量转换称为机械能，从而对外做功。液压控制元件用来控制液体流动的方向、压力的高低以及对流量的大小进行预期的控制，以满足特定的工作要求。正是因为液压控制元器件的灵活性，使得液压控制系统能够完成不同的活动。液压控制元件按照用途可以分成压力控制阀、流量控制阀、方向控制阀。按照操作方式可以分成人力操纵阀、机械操纵法、电动操纵阀等。除了上述的元件以外，液压控制系统还需要液压辅助元件。这些元件包括管路和管接头、油箱、过滤器、蓄能器和密封装置。通过以上的各个器件，我们就能够建设出一个液压回路。所谓液压回路就是通过各种液压器件构成的相应的控制回路。根据不同的控制目标，我们能够设计不同的回路，比如压力控制回路、速度控制回路、多缸工作控制回路等。根据液压传动的结构及其特点，在液压系统的设计中，首先要进行系统分析，然后拟定系统的原理图，其中这个原理图是用液压机械符号来表示的。之后通过计算选择液压器件，进而再完成系统的设计和调试。这个过程中，原理图的绘制是最关键的。它决定了一个设计系统的优劣。液压传动的应用性是很强的，比如装卸堆码机液压系统，它作为一种仓储机械，在现代化的仓库里利用它实现纺织品包、油桶、木桶等货物的装卸机械化工作。也可以应用在万能外圆磨床液压系统等生产实践中。这些系统的特点是功率比较大，生产的效率比较高，平稳性比较好。液压作为一个广泛应用的技术，在未来更是有广阔的前景。随着计算机的深入发展，液压控制系统可以和智能控制的技术、计算机控制的技术等技术结合起来，这样就能够在更多的场合中发挥作用，也可以更加精巧的、更加灵活地完成预期的控制任务。Hydraulic drive control is often used in industry as a control method, which uses hydraulic pressure to complete the process of energy transfer. Because ofFor the hydraulic control flexibility and convenience, the hydraulic control in the industry wide attention. Hydraulic transmissionIs the study of fluid to a pressure medium for energy, to achieve a variety of mechanical and automatic control subjects. Hydraulic transmission using thisElement to form required by the various control loops, several circuit by becoming an organic combination of the completion of certain control functions.Pneumatic system to complete the energy transfer, conversion and control.In principle, hydraulic transmission is based on the most basic principle is the principle of Pascal, namely, the liquid in theThe pressure is the same, so that, in a balanced system, the smaller piston top pressure is relatively small, and theLarge piston pressure is relatively large, which remain stationary liquid. So through the transfer of the liquid, can beIn order to get the different ends of the different pressure, which can achieve the purpose of a transformation. We often see hydraulicJack is the use of this principle to achieve the transmission of force.The hydraulic transmission principleHydraulic transmission in the required elements are the main power components, the implementation of components, control components, auxiliary components such as. TheIn a hydraulic power element for hydraulic system dynamic components, including a variety of hydraulic pump. Depending on the volume of hydraulic pumpVariation principle to work, so generally known as the volume of the hydraulic pump. Gear pump is the most common type of hydraulic pump, it is throughTwo meshing gears rotate so that fluid motion. Other hydraulic pump and vane pump, piston pump, in the choice ofHydraulic pump when the main problems include energy consumption, efficiency, noise reduction.The hydraulic actuator is used to perform will be provided by a hydraulic pump hydraulic energy into mechanical energy of the device, mainly including liquidPressure cylinder and the hydraulic motor. Hydraulic motor and the hydraulic pump to do the opposite of the device, the hydraulic energy conversionKnown as the mechanical energy, thereby working outside.Hydraulic control components used to control the direction of liquid flow, pressure level and on the flow size is expectedControl, to meet the specific job requirements. It is because of the flexibility of the hydraulic control components, hydraulic control systemCan complete different activities. Hydraulic control components in use can be divided into the pressure control valve, flow control valve, directionControl valve. According to the operation mode can be divided into human control valve, mechanical manipulation method, electric control valve.In addition to the above components, hydraulic control system also need hydraulic auxiliary components. These components include pipe and tubeJoint, fuel tank, filter, accumulator and sealing device. Through the above each device, we can build aA hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic circuit is through a variety of hydraulic device consisting of a corresponding control circuit. According to the differentControl objectives, we can design different circuits, such as the pressure control loop, speed loop, multiple cylinder controlBusiness loop.According to the structure and characteristics of hydraulic transmission, hydraulic system design, must first carry on the system analysis, and thenDrafting system schematic diagram, the diagram is used hydraulic mechanical symbols to indicate the. After the selection of calculation fluidPressure device, and then complete the design and debugging of system. In this process, schematic drawing is the key. It willSet a design system is good or bad.Application of hydraulic power transmission is very strong, such as loading and unloading stacking machine hydraulic system, which serves as a storage machine, in theModern warehouse use it to achieve the textile bags, barrels, barrels and other cargo loading and unloading mechanization. Can also beIn the universal cylindrical grinding machine hydraulic system in production practice. These systems are characterized by more power, production efficiencyComparison of high, stable comparatively well.Hydraulic as a widely used technology, in the future there is more