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绞肉机
设计
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绞肉机的设计,绞肉机,设计
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中国矿业大学2008届本科生毕业设计 第 14 页翻译部分英文原文Scalable cantilevered Development of Coal1. abstractScalable cantilever loaded coal-mining conditions applicable to the Warehouse, the main increase Warehouse exploitation of resources recovery and reduce labor intensity of workers, to increase the safety and reliability of operations at the scene. Key words: scalable; Coal; Warehouse mining; recovery2. Introduction With the extension of the mine length of service, increase productivity, the mines remaining recoverable reserves will be gradually reduced, the market competitiveness will continue to decline. In our country there are many old state-owned mine due to depleting resources, production of convergence of tension, conflict and so difficult to replace mine, a decline in production, lower benefits, the operating difficulties of the situation. In order to increase production to mitigate pressure on the operators to extend the mine life, most coal mines has increased the corners of coal, coal-mining efforts. Against the mine in the coal mining corner, when the widespread use of coal-mining law of the Warehouse to the characteristics of Jincheng Coal Industry Group under the Technology Center at the actual needs, through research and development applicable to the Warehouse under the conditions of exploitation of scalable with cantilevered Coal,3. With the structure of coal Scalable cantilever loaded coal mainly by the rack, cantilever, Rotary, walking, supporting fixed, carrying bodies, hydraulic systems and other parts of composition, its shape structure see Figure 1.1 - the crane 2 - Doo- 3 - before the support of 4 - emulsion winch 5 - walking mechanism 6 - Rotating bodies 7 - control valve 8 - support after 9 - rack Figure 1 scalable with cantilevered structure of the coal 3.1 rack Rack is loaded coal-bearing the main components, all components are installed in the rack. 3.2 cantilever Cantilevered from an arm, two arms, three-arm, two-cylinder telescopic emulsion composition, and between the turret connected with Pin. As three-arm nested in the two arms, two nested in one arm arm, stretching emulsion in the secondary role of the cylinder, the cantilever stretching movements can be realized, stretching capacity of 3 670mm 8 270mm. On the other hand, two fixed rotating platform of change in the role of Jack, the cantilever can achieve take-off and landing movements, lifting capacity of: 1360 mm 5 000mm.3.3 Rotary agencies Rotating bodies from the turret and fixed rack in the lower side of the two rotary jack in the rotating platform equipped with cantilever, winch and other parts of the emulsion. Rotary jack in the drive, the turret driven cantilever to do about the direction of rotation, left and right direction of the swing angle can reach 45 . 3.4 loading mechanism Emulsion carrying bodies from the winch and rake bucket component. Emulsion winch 2 Taiwan, one for heavy use, another Taiwan for a light-load; characterized by the emulsion motor powered motor rated pressure of 12. 5M Pa, traction 1.0-2.0 speed, traction 10 kN 20 kN. Trailing bucket volume is 0.5 cubic meters of coal loaded containers from the emulsion winch drag achieve reciprocating movement, thus completing the coal loaded with coal movements.3.5 Support fixed institutions Support institutions fixed by the former support, and stabilize the column and Baojin device components. Charging for work, installed on the rack by the front of the former roadway in support of support on the floor, installed in the rear of the rack-supporting stability in the tunnel roof, installed in the rack below the fuselage will be installed Baojin And the chute together to ensure that the fuselage will not move around and dumping.3.6 operating agencies Institutions run by walking the track and chute walking institutions. Walk the track body is designed for ease of transport machinery, to gauge the track for 600 mm. Chute body is to facilitate the running machine at work on the mobile chute designed. Charging machines at work, riding on the 40 t Liuzi the chute, the bucket will face rake with the loaded coal chute, Liu Zi will Meiyun to face. Chute run institutions from operating motor, take the initiative to round, driven round component. Walk through a gear motor slowdown will force the initiative passed round, thus realizing the machine forward and backward. The work pressure of motor running 12. 5M Pa. 3.7 hydraulic system Hydraulic valve block from the hydraulic system, hydraulic piping and other components, cantilever stretching, lifting, rotating, the machine running, the winch, and so on are positive and hydraulic valve block to control.4. Charging for the work process Scalable cantilever loaded coal principle of the work shown in Figure 2. As with coal at work to be powered by the emulsion medium, it also needs pumping stations equipped with a set of emulsion. Charging the work carried out before commencement emulsion pumping station will be installed near the coal-to-door opened on the appropriate location, operation of the institutions supporting fixed machine fixed, and that is to start working with coal.Figure 2 scalable cantilever with the work principle of coal First of all cantilever will extend to the appropriate length and height, light-load operation of winch will rake bucket of coal Meidui pulled down with coal, and then operated heavy winch will rake will fight back loaded coal chute, it is so cycles, until Coal will Zhuangwan. The plane loaded with coal for the coal in front of the 8 270 mm, about 5 850 mm, height 4 500 mm.5. Underground industrial test Scalable cantilever with the coal industry underground test in the Jincheng Coal Industry Group of Phoenix Mountain coal mine recovery, in 3314 South-face position, seam thickness of 6. 32 m, bulk density 1. 5 tm 3, simple geological conditions, warehouses Lane section of the net 2. 2 m 2. 4 m, a friction-plate girder supporting, not spontaneous combustion of coal and coal dust non-explosive. Face the way for the Warehouse mining exploitation. Warehouse is the so-called exploitation of mining in the region first excavation of a cut in warehouses and then in the face from the field open for the top pick, followed by a return to positions in the coal mining process: maintenance of the entrance of Long Dayan charge Blasting back shelf shrink from coal chute. For the top pick in the open after the bursting of air, the top area high pile of coal up to about 5 m, almost Pengzhe roof. As a high degree of high pile of coal, coal expense of working hours must be extended6. Conclusion 1) scalable cantilever with coal as the cantilever function, so that no staff and no caving into the supporting areas, you can achieve with coal, greatly improving the safety; 2) by the winch, rake bucket with coal instead of the original artificial Huo coal, reducing the labor intensity of the workers; 3) loaded with coal coal scope than the original scope of Coal, increased resource recovery; 4) machines simple structure, easy operation and low cost, easy to promote; 5) machines in the cantilever landing, his walk, power winch, ropes and other aspects of roller inside remains to be perfect.7. Other new equipment on the coal 7.1 ZMC-30-Hydraulic side dump with an overview of coal ZMC-30-Hydraulic side dump loaded coal rail line is tracked loading equipment, mainly for coal, coal-alley, can also be used for small section whole rock alley, with insertion of large, mobile, and full-face Operations, security, good performance, such as the use of a machine features in addition to loading operations, but also provide the impetus for the hydraulic drill, as supporting the work platform, complete face short-distance transport, undercover, the Qing help, can significantly improve tunneling Speed, a good comprehensive economic benefits. Technical details are as follows: technical bucket volume: 0.45 cubic meters; bucket height: 1 348 mm; rated contains important: 30 kN; unloading the largest high: 1 185 mm; largest undercover depth: 600 mm; climbing capacity: 16 The average ground pressure: 0.07 MPa; rated traction: 20 kN; minimum ground clearance: 180 mm; biggest walking speed: 0.417 m / s; plate tra7.2 ZMC-30-Hydraulic side-loaded coal unloading equipment supporting the transformation of (achieving Liuzi, belt loaded integration) As ZMC-30 type aircraft with the use of coal in underground places, narrow space, the tunnel roof and coal for constraint, loaded with coal in the process of coal needed Liuzi (see Figure 1), the use of roadway transport belt, Liu Zi each Classes should move forward first. If Liu Zi and the lap belt between handled properly, will directly affect the tunneling speed. After leading the mining area and the practice of engineering and technical personnel at the scene, Liu Zi will be the first fixed on the end of the belt, so as to form a whole, to achieve Liuzi belt loaded with the integration so that each class can smoothly shift the slipFigure 17.3 ZMC-30 side dump with the merits of coal (1) well-ventilated, mainly in coal Duct not be squeezed, dropped, and always maintain normal airflow, no gas gauge. (2) a large space, work environment, and always face up to allow Yicha guns of the coal, employees in the work of the safety factor increased substantially. (3) operational safety, workers can significantly reduce the labor intensity, loading feature strong, tracked walking into force, to achieve full-face loading, applicable to all sections of the EOC, ramps roadway construction, the roadway or in the larger cross-section of roadway intersection Construction, we can give full play to the characteristics of its high-tech productivity. (4) of the complex, and mobile and applicability, and other equipment in the roadway (such as bolt rig, drilling trucks, scraper conveyor, belt conveyors and mine car) supporting the use of.(5) the use of a machine is ZMC-30-Hydraulic side dump loaded coal is superior to other types of coal with the main characteristics: 1) available bucket lift heavy objects, such as supporting the use of metal stents, Margaret Fetus. 2) Lifting bucket after supporting the work could serve as platform for roof management. 3) may face short-distance transportation of materials, such as the backplane, gravel, moving small equipment. 4) for other equipment to provide high-pressure pumps, such as hydraulic powered drill bolt. 5) operational safety, can significantly reduce the risk of regional loading operations, moving material time. 6) the local excellent undercover, the performance will help the first-loading operations to achieve 100 per cent of the mechanized so that the no-shovel Face really become a reality.7.4 on the existing problems (1) If the loaded coal cars and supporting direct use, will be bucket lift height restrictions, 3 t mine car on the roadway floor flat to a high degree of 1.4 m, the loaded coal unloading height of 1.185 m can not be used, To be re-targeted. (2) Cable drag protection issues, the aircraft operating in the process of dragging cables, the only person in the plane after a drag, there is no better way. (3) spray sprinklers, in handling the plane, not a random spray sprinkler dust supporting facilities, are currently only artificial rinse dust. (4) with the use of coal in the course of the operation of the plane found that poor peoples attention, bucket raised at the block out light, the lamp voltage design unreasonable, the lamp is very fragile. (5) with coal in the course of operation at the scene and found the transport system must be open normally open to ensure normal production, otherwise affect production.中文译文可伸缩悬臂式装煤机的研制1.摘要可伸缩悬臂式装煤机适用于仓房开采条件, 主要可以提高仓房开采的资源回收率, 减轻工人的劳动强度, 增加现场作业的安全可靠性。关键词：可伸缩; 装煤机; 仓房开采; 回收率2.介绍随着矿井服务年限的延长, 生产能力的提高, 矿井的剩余可采储量将逐渐减少, 市场竞争力将不断下降。在我国有不少国有老矿由于资源枯竭、生产衔接紧张、矿井接替困难等矛盾, 出现了产量下降、效益降低、经营困难的局面。为了提高产量, 缓减经营压力, 延长矿井使用寿命, 大部分煤矿加大了对边角煤、煤柱的开采力度。针对各矿在开采边角煤、煤柱时普遍使用的仓房开采法的特点, 晋城煤业集团技术中心根据现场实际需要, 经过调查研究, 开发了适用于仓房开采条件下的可伸缩悬臂式装煤机, 以提高仓房开采的资源回收率, 减轻工人的劳动强度, 增加现场作业的安全可靠性。3.装煤机的结构组成可伸缩悬臂式装煤机主要由机架、悬臂、回转机构、行走机构、支撑固定机构、装载机构、液压系统等几部分组成, 其外形结构见图1。1吊臂2斗体3前支撑4乳化液绞车5行走机构6回转机构7操纵阀8后支撑9机架图1可伸缩悬臂式装煤机结构图3. 1机架机架是装煤机的主要承载部件, 所有部件都安装于机架上。3. 2悬臂悬臂由一级臂、二级臂、三级臂、二级伸缩乳化液缸组成, 与回转台之间用销轴相连。由于三级臂嵌套于二级臂内、二级臂嵌套于一级臂内, 在二级伸缩乳化液缸的作用下, 悬臂可实现伸缩动作, 伸缩量为3 670mm 8 270mm。另一方面, 在两根固定于回转台上的升降千斤顶的作用下, 悬臂可实现升降动作, 升降量为：1360 mm 5 000mm。3. 3回转机构回转机构由回转台与固定于机架下侧的两根回转千斤顶组成, 在回转台上安装有悬臂、乳化液绞车等部件。在回转千斤顶的驱动下, 回转台带动悬臂做水平方向的左右转动, 左、右方向的摆动角度均可达到45。3. 4装载机构装载机构由乳化液绞车与耙斗组成。乳化液绞车有2 台, 1 台作重载用, 另1 台作轻载用; 其特点是由乳化液马达提供动力, 马达额定工作压力12. 5M Pa, 牵引速度1.0-2.0, 牵引力10 kN20 kN。耙斗是容积为0.5立方米 的装煤容器, 由乳化液绞车拖动实现往复运动, 从而完成装煤机的装煤动作。3. 5 支撑固定机构支撑固定机构由前支撑、稳柱及抱紧装置组成。装煤机工作时, 由安装于机架前部的前支撑支撑在巷道底板上, 安装于机架后部的稳柱支撑在巷道顶板上, 安装于机架下面的抱紧装置将机身和溜槽连在一起, 保证机身不致前后移动和倾倒。3. 6行走机构行走机构由轨道行走机构和溜槽行走机构组成。轨道行走机构是为便于机器运输设计的, 适用轨道轨距为600 mm。溜槽行走机构是为便于机器工作时在溜槽上的移动而设计的。装煤机在工作时骑在40 t 溜子的溜槽上, 用耙斗将工作面的煤装上溜槽, 溜子将煤运出工作面。溜槽行走机构由行走马达、主动轮、从动轮组成。行走马达通过一级齿轮减速, 将动力传给主动轮, 从而实现机器的前进、后退。行走马达的工作压力12. 5M Pa。3. 7液压系统液压系统由液压阀组、液压管路等组成, 悬臂的伸缩、升降、回转, 机器的行走, 绞车的正反转等等都由液压阀组来控制。4.装煤机的工作过程可伸缩悬臂式装煤机工作原理图见图2。由于装煤机在工作时需由乳化液作动力介质, 故还需要配备一套乳化液泵站。进行装煤工作前, 先启动乳化液泵站, 将装煤机开到靠近龙门口的合适位置, 操作支撑固定机构把机器固定好, 即可以开始装煤工作。图2可伸缩悬臂式装煤机工作原理图首先将悬臂伸出至合适长度和高度, 操作轻载绞车将耙斗拉到落煤煤堆装煤, 然后再操作重载绞车将耙斗拉回将煤装上溜槽, 就这样循环往复, 直至将煤装完。装煤机的装煤范围为前方8 270 mm , 左右5 850 mm , 高度4 500 mm。5.井下工业性试验可伸缩悬臂式装煤机的井下工业性试验在晋城煤业集团凤凰山矿3314 南回收煤柱放仓工作面进行, 煤层厚度6. 32 m , 容重1. 5 tm 3, 地质条件简单, 仓体巷净断面2. 2 m 2. 4 m , 采用摩擦柱板梁支护, 煤层不自燃, 煤尘无爆炸性。工作面的回采方式为仓房开采。所谓仓房开采即是在采区内先掘进一仓体切眼, 然后从工作面由里向外开帮挑顶, 依次回出仓体内的煤, 回采工艺为: 维修龙门口打眼装药回棚爆破出煤缩溜槽。在开帮挑顶爆破后, 空顶区堆煤高度可达5 m左右, 几乎碰着顶板。由于堆煤高度较高, 扒煤机工作时, 必须将吊臂伸起使吊臂头靠近煤顶, 才可实现完全装煤。在整个试验过程中, 悬臂的伸缩和升降、回转台的左右回转、绞车的运行、机器的前后行走等均很正常。但也存在一些问题, 主要是: 悬臂在降落时的轻微颤动、空载绞车动力不足、机器行走有时掉道、行走马达漏液, 对这些问题都进行了及时处理。总之, 机器运行基本达到了设计要求。6.结论1) 可伸缩悬臂式装煤机由于悬臂的作用, 使得工作人员无需进入放煤后无支护区, 即可实现装煤,大大提高了安全性;2) 由绞车、耙斗装煤代替原来的人工攉煤, 减轻了工人的劳动强度; 3) 装煤机装煤范围比原来人工装煤范围大, 提高了资源回收率;4) 机器结构简单, 操作方便, 成本低, 易推广; 5) 机器在悬臂降落、自己行走、绞车动力、滚筒缠绳等方面仍有待完善。7.其他新型装煤机的介绍7.1 ZMC- 30 型全液压侧卸式装煤机的概况ZMC- 30 型全液压侧卸式装煤机是履带式行轨装载设备, 主要用于煤、半煤巷, 也可用于小断面全岩巷,具有插入力大、机动性好、全断面作业、安全性能好的一机多用等特点; 除装载作业外还可为液压钻具提供动力, 充当支护时的工作平台, 完成工作面短距离运输、卧底、清帮, 可以显著提高掘进速度, 取得良好的综合经济效益。主要技术参数如下: 技术铲斗容积:0.45立方米; 铲斗高度: 1 348 mm; 额定载重
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