2019届高考英语冲刺卷2参考答案

本试卷共 14 页。全卷满分 150 分。考试用时 120 分钟。 第卷第卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）（略） 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。 A A Every year, billions of kilograms of fresh produce are wasted in the United States. The food ends up in landfills, producing harmful greenhouse gases. Meanwhile, millions of poor Americans go hungry, without access to healthy, affordable meals. Evan Lutz is passionate about correcting that social injustice. And he combines that goal with a passion for business. “My entire life Ive wanted to become a social entrepreneur, not just starting a business that made money but also one that gave back. Im just an average guy with a passion towards making sure no food goes to waste and making sure no persons ever hungry in America and I want to do that through business.“ Lutz is CEO and founder of Hungry Harvest. Hungry Harvest is a business which collects and sells “ugly“ produce. These are fruits and vegetables that most food companies would throw away. “If you go to a grocery store everything is growing the same exact way. Right. So all that stuff that doesnt grow the same way gets wasted and gets thrown out. And so we take all that stuff that normally get thrown out because its too big too small in odd size of shape, we box it up into a variety boxes and we deliver to our customers once a week. We hire people that were living in homeless shelters they were really looking to get a chance in life.“ In January 2016, Lutz appeared on the American business competition television show “Shark Tank.“ It connects investors with entrepreneurs. Lutz sought a $50,000 investment in Hungry Harvest, in exchange for a five percent stake in his company. He got even more than he expected: $100,000 for 10 percent ownership. 21. The purpose of writing paragraph 1 is to _. A. tell us how serious the waste is B. inform us many people have not enough to eat C. remind us of the unfairness of the society 2019 届高考英语冲刺卷 2 参考答案参考答案 D. lead out the topic of the passage 【解析】目的意图题。第一段通过数字说明，每年浪费掉的农产品数量巨大，然而 也有很多人 负担不起健康的饮食。为下文 Lutz 创办 Hungry Harvest 做铺垫。 【答案】D 22. According to Evan Lutz, we can know that _. A. he aims to invest and get the money back B. he devotes to reducing food waste and feeding the hungry C. he and many other volunteers to support the company D. he often gets appreciation from the poor families 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 “Im just an average guy with a passion towards making sure no food goes to waste and making sure no persons ever hungry in America.”可知，他致力于减少食物浪费，减少饥饿。 【答案】B 23. From the last paragraph, we can infer “ Shark Tank” _. A. is a programme showing the story of investors B. belongs to meetings of political parities C. helps entrepreneurs get fund support D. asks successful businessmen to show experience 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三句中的 “connects investors with entrepreneurs.”和 “sought a $50,000 investment in Hungry Harvest.” 可 推知，该节目是帮助创业者和投资者牵线，获取资金支持。故选 C。 【答案】C B B An American company says it has developed the worlds first true jetpack for personal flight. It looks simple enough that almost anyone could use it to fly around. The flying machine is built like a backpack. It looks similar to the bags people use to carry anything from food to books on their back. The device is powered by two jet engines. The engines can operate on either airplane fuel or automobile fuel. It can fly for periods up to 10 minutes. It can reach 100 kilometers per hour and fly up to 3,000 meters in the air. The company says its personal flight vehicle has performed more than 400 test flights with no major problems. It says the jetpacks are still being developedandimproved.Thecompanyrecentlylaunchedacrowdfunding campaign online - with a $1 million goal - to raise money for more research and testing. JetPack Aviations chief executive officer, David Mayman, says, “In the past, he adds, sensors used in the equipment could cost up to $100,000. Now it costs less than one dollar.” Lower costs and improvements in turbine technology have made it possible for the company to develop several other devices besides it. Another version of the jetpack, the JB-11, will be even more powerful. Mayman predicts this model will be used by first responders or the military during search and rescue operations. The public demonstration of the JB-10 clearly showed the jetpack giving its passenger a smooth takeoff and landing. The equipment also appeared easy to operate and the device provided a stable test flight. But the chance to own this flyer comes at a very high price. The JB-10 device is currently listed at $250,000. 24. The company collected money to _. A. produce the devices in mass B. purchase new equipment to produce it C. develop the device further D. give some devices to charity 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“The company recently launched a crowdfunding campaign online - with a $1 million goal - to raise money for more research and testing.”可知，公司众筹是为了进一步的研究和测试。由此 可推知，公司为了进一步开发、改进这种装置集资，故选 C。 【答案】C 25. Which one can be used the title of the passage? A. A new invention for the future B. New device makes personal flying a reality C. Man can fly in the sky possibly D. Personal jetpack has been invented 【解析】文章标题。本文主要介绍了一种新型飞行设备，使人类能够实现飞行梦想。 根据关键信息可知，选 B。 【答案】B 26. From the passage, we can know the new flying machine _. A. is difficult to operate B. can fly at a great height C. has been made in mass D. costs a lot because of the sensors 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据第二段最后一句 “It can reach 100 kilometers per hour and fly up to 3,000 meters in the air.”可知，这种新型飞行设备能在 3000 米高处飞行。故选 B。 【答案】B 27. The passage is maybe taken from _. A. a physics textbookB. a science report C. a journal about fashionD. a newspaper about scientists 【解析】文章出处题。本文主要介绍了一种新型的私人飞行器，属于科普说明文； 根据文中的 “it has developed the worlds first true jetpack for personal flight”可知，这种飞行器首推，很新颖。因此本文有可能出自一篇介绍新产品的 科技报道。故选 B。 【答案】B C C Children grow quickly, especially their feet. But many families cannot buy new shoes each time a child needs them. As a result, about 300 million children around theworld gobarefoot. Those children risk picking up diseases and parasites from the soil. Kenton Lee, an American man invented The Shoe That Grows. He explains, “It grows in three places: the front, on the side and on the back. It can last up to five years. The bottom is rubber like tire rubber. The top is just high-quality leather.“ Lee says he got the idea for the shoe while working as a volunteer in an orphanage in Kenya. “I just remember a little girl who wore a pair of small shoes. The shoes were so small that she had to cut open the front of her shoes to let her toes stick out. And I just remember thinking, wouldnt it be nice if there were a pair of shoes that could grow with her feet.“ However, Lee says it was not easy to turn his idea into a reality. Finally, in 2009 Lee founded a non-profit organization called Because International. In the office of Because International, Lee keeps a pair of his own shoes to help him remember his promise. A pair of shoes, he says, gives more than protection. It gives a child self-worth and more chances to succeed. “Because its a small thing that really does make a big difference to keep them healthy and happy and having more chances to succeed.“ Kenton Lee adds that his goal is to help get The Shoe That Grows to as many children as he can around the world. 28. The first paragraph may intends to tell us _. A. many children suffer lacking shoes B. shoes are badly needed in many places C. the necessity of inventing the new shoes D. we should make efforts to help the children 【解析】目的意图题。第一段讲述了由于脚长得快，很多孩子只好赤脚，从而导出 下文发明可以增长的鞋子这个话题，为这种鞋子的发明做铺垫。故选 C。 【答案】C 29. What does the underlined word “ parasites” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Small living things that live on or inside something. B. The remains that left in the soil after crops got in. C. Some worms that protect soil. D. Small insects that are not easy to find. 【解析】词意猜测题。此处陈述孩子赤脚的坏处和影响，和名词 diseases 并列，作 picking up 的宾语，根据该词后面的定语 “from the soil”可知指土壤中有害的 物质，综合本段可推知，此处可能指土壤中的寄生虫。故选 A。 【答案】A 30. Whats the main idea of paragraph 3? A. The children in orphanage live a hard life. B. What inspired Kenton Lee to invent the shoes. C. A girl with a pair of worn shoes. D. Kenton Lee wanted to help the children. 【解析】主旨大意题。本段主要讲述在一家孤儿院里，Kenton Lee 看到一个小女孩 因鞋子太小，只好剪开鞋子继续穿，这种情景使他萌生了想发明能生长的鞋子的想 法。故选 B。 【答案】B 31. From Kenton Lee, we can know _. A. the new-invented shoes can grow automatically B. he had little difficulty in inventing the new type shoes C. he had a great dream to invent shoes from his childhood D. shoes are important for childrens physical and mental growth 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的 “A pair of shoes, he says, gives more than protection. It gives a child self-worth and more chances to succeed.” 可知，一双鞋子不仅仅给脚提供了保护，也给与了孩子自尊和更多成功的机会，故 选 D。 【答案】D D D Yesterday after school I took my boys through the drive way at McDonalds. It was a hot day and they wanted a nice cool treat. So I said yes. Plus the McSpiders are amazing for only $2! So off we went. As I ordered I remembered a commitment I made to myself a year ago. The commitment that every time I drive through the drive way I pay for the car behind me. I made this commitment because I go through the drive way about 4 times a year. So its an easy one to keep. As I drove around to pay the cashier the $6 for our order I really did not want to do this. I didnt want to pay or offer to pay for the car pulling up behind me. In my head I begun to talk myself out of it. “Its OK Nicole, you dont have to“. “You havent much money or work this week“. “And what if its a $40 order or more!“ Thats when the other voice stepped in. It said, “This is exactly the time you need to do it! When you dont “WANT“ to. Its easy and good when your in the mood, happy and full of cash. But love and kindness doesnt work that way. It isnt conditional and only given when it suits you!“ So I did it. I paid for the car behind. I asked the cashier to add the car behinds order to my card. Which thankfully was only $2.95. Can you believe it. $2.95! Anyway. That isnt the point. The point is that I did it. And doing it I completely made someones day, and reminded them that there is love and kindness in this world. And to think . I almost didnt. I almost kept that $2.95 to myself! 32. What does the word “McSpiders” in paragraph 1 probably refer to? A. A kind of small animals that can run quickly. B. A kind of service provided by restaurant. C. A kind of food offered in fast food restaurant. D. A kind of small insects that can fly. 【解析】推理判断题。根据上下文可知，这是作者在快餐店里买的食品，故选 C。 【答案】C 33. From the passage, we can know the author_. A. is a wealthy man with enough money B. is a man who is true to his word C. likes to help others willingly D. often visits McDonalds and passes through the drive way 【解析】概括归纳题。作者经过一番思想斗争，还是遵循自己先前的诺言，为后面 的车买单，由此可推知，作者是个重信守诺的人。故选 B。 【答案】B 34. Paragraph 4 is used to _. A. describe the conflicting mood of the author B. stress that the author likes saving money C. emphasis the importance of wealth to author D. make us guess what he will do next 【解析】目的意图题。第四段通过对比的方式描述了作者内心有两种声音在斗争， 描述了作者当时矛盾的心情。故选 A。 【答案】A 35. From the passage, we can know the author felt _ finally. A. worried.B. disappointed.C. relieved.D. sad. 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后 “And to think . I almost didnt. I almost kept that $2.95 to myself!”可推知作者没有花费太多，却践行了自己的诺言， 由此感到很释然和开怀。故选 C。【答案】C 第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。 Building healthy friendships is an important part of your social life. Your friends can have a major influence on how you think, feel, and behave. But how to choose right friends? Here are some useful ways. 1. Make sure your friends offer emotional support and guidance. Good friends will be willing to support you, through your high points and your low points. Your friends should offer to support you during any difficult times.36 2. Determine if you have a good balance of giving and taking. Good friendships also have a good balance of giving and taking, where you feel mutually supported.37You do not feel you are giving or taking more than the other person. 3. Decide if your friends bring out the best in you. Your friends should also encourage you to develop into the best version of yourself you can be. They should help you focus on how you can be yourself and achieve your goals. For example, maybe you are determined to get into medical school. Your friends may encourage you by asking about your studies and by helping you prepare your applications.38And celebrate you when you get into school. 4. Determine if you can communicate effectively with your friends. 39You can share your thoughts and feelings without limits. You should be able to be yourself around your friends and feel you can share your opinions with them. 5.40 Good friendships are built on mutual respect and mutual trust. You should feel you can trust your friends. Good friends will stand up for you and support you. You should also develop respect for your friends. Though you may not share all the same interests or preferences, you should still respect their choices. A. Focus on making friends in person, rather than just online. B. They may also help you relieve the stress of the applications. C. They may also offer guidance and advice when you need it. D. Consider if you trust and respect your friends. E. You may volunteer with a group of people who are all supporting a cause. F. You may develop friendships where there is a balance of giving and taking. G. Another key aspect of a good friendship is positive communication. 【解析】 36. 上文提到无论是顺境、逆境，朋友都会和你在一起，在任何困难面前都会支持 你。C 项中提到在需要时朋友会给予导向、建议，与上文一致，故选 C。 37. 本段主要阐释朋友间给予与得到应维持平衡， 与 F 项中的“a balance of giving and taking”照应，故选 F。 38. 此处具体阐述朋友对自己的帮助，举例来说，假如自己想上医学院，朋友会鼓 励自己并帮助准备申请，B 项中的 “relieve the stress of the applications” 与前一句呼应，故选 B。 39. 本段主要阐述与朋友间的有效交流，与 G 项 “positive communication”一致， 故选 G。 40. 根据本段第一句 “Good friendships are built on mutual respect and mutual trust.”可知，强调的是朋友之间的尊重、信任的重要性，和 D 项一致，故选 D。 【答案】3640 CFBGD 第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One day my partner and I went out to help one customer, and time passed so quickly. We realized that we needed to eat something after we41our work. We stopped at a local hamburger shop and ordered some hamburgers and cokes for42. It was Sunday, late afternoon, so there were only a few ordered some food, we were seated and waited. A few minutes later,44of us noticed a woman who was45in her 80s, come in and order some food. She was dressed in what was probably her very46clothes that looked clean and neat.The woman set everything up around her and you could tell that this meal was a real47for her. My partner often had dinner in the shop and he was48with the people who worked there. He was curious about the49and went and talked with the working people,50them about the woman. They said she came in every51, ordered the same meal and always was alone. They52she lived alone and that this meal was a special treat she did for herself at least once a week. Our hearts were53by this older woman even though we never spoke. When we paid our54, we also paid for hers and then55enough money to pay for that older womans meals at least three more times. The staff were56and so tickled by what we did. We didnt want the older woman to know what we did,57we just left. It would have been wonderful to see her58when they told her what we did for her. I know we touched the hearts of the59and I am sure we touched the heart of that older woman. It always feels so wonderful to do something so unexpected for a (an)60! After all, our life is full of surprises. 41. A. startedB. finishedC. removed D. lasted 42. A. breakfastB. lunchC. supper D. food 43. A. nearB. farC. empty D. full 44. A. bothB. neitherC. none D. more 45. A. definitelyB. probablyC. firmly D. casually 46. A. brokenB. dirtyC. proper D. best 47. A. treatB. preparationC. experience D. turn 48. A. satisfiedB. familiarC. concerned D. worried 49. A. womanB. employerC. manager D. passenger 50. A. passingB. receivingC. exploding D. asking 51. A. weekdayB. weekendC. yearD. decade 52. A. realizedB. confirmedC. knew D. determined people. We watched around and found a(an) 43 table easily. After we 53. A. recalledB. remindedC. informed D. touched 54. A. effortB. workC. check D. grocery 55. A. leftB. gainedC. abandoned D. brought 56. A. pleasedB. surprisedC. relieved D. disappointed 57. A. althoughB. untilC. unless D. so 58. A. resultB. effectC. reaction D. introduction 59. A. staffB. colleagueC. partner D. cook 60. A. waiterB. readerC. stranger D. writer 【解析】 41. 考查动词。我和同伴出去时，干完工作想吃点东西。finish 意为 “完成”， 符合语境。 42. 考查名词。根据下一句 “It was Sunday, late afternoon”可推知，我们是 去吃午饭。 43. 考查形容词。因为人不太多，所以我们很容易找到了一个空座。 44. 考查代词。此处指我和我的同伴两人，我们都注意到了一位 80 多岁的老人走了 进来。故用代词 both。 45. 考查副词。因为我们并不认识，所以只是推测她大约 80 多岁了。probably 意 为 “可能”，表现出推测。 46. 考查形容词。根据本句的暗示 “that looked clean and neat”以及下文 “you could tell that this meal was a real47for her”可知，她把这视作对 自己的一种招待，因此穿着自己最好的衣服。 47. 考查名词。和下文的 “They52she lived alone and that this meal was a special”照应，根据句中的 “a special treat”可知，她将这顿饭视作是对自 己特别的招待。故选 A。 48. 考查形容词。根据前半句 “My partner often had dinner in the shop”可 知，我的同伴经常来这里吃饭，因此和这里的工作人员很熟悉。 49. 考查名词。根据下文 “50them about the woman”可知，我的同伴出于 好奇，去打听刚进来的这位老人的情况。故选 A。 50. 考查非谓语动词。我的同伴向店员打听、询问这个人的情况。故选 D。 51. 考查名词。 根据上文的 “It was Sunday, late afternoon” 和下文的 “at least once a week.”可知，她是每个周末来吃饭。故选 B。 52. 考查动词。店员们知道、了解这些情况。故选 D。 53. 考查动词。尽管我们从没有说过话但我们的心被这个老人深深触动了。touch 有 “触动”之意，故选 D。 54. 考查名词。此处指我们付了吃饭的账单，check 用作名词时，有 “账单”之意， 故选 C。 次的钱。leave 有 “留下，舍下”之意，故选 A。 56. 考查形容词。工作人员没有想到我们会这样做，因此感到很惊讶。 57. 考查连词。我们不想让老人知道我们为她所做的，因此我们离开了。两分句之 间是因果关系，故用连词 so。 58. 考查名词。根据后半句 “when they told her what we did for her”可知， 此处指当他们告诉她我们为她所做的，她的反应。reaction 意为 “反应”，故选 C。 59. 考查名词。根据本段第一句 “The staff were56