高中英语：Module1EuropePeriod3Grammar语法专题课课件外研版必修(1).ppt

Module 1 Europe Period 3 Grammar语法专题课 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致,【课前热身】 观察下面教材中的句子并用所给词的适当形式完成句子。 Paris _ (visit) by more than eight million tourists every year. The Sagrada Familia _ (design) by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.,is visited,was designed,Florences most beautiful paintings and sculptures _ (produce) by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci.,were produced,【课堂诠解】 1. 被动语态的基本结构: be+过去分词。 2. 一般现在时的被动语态的结构: am/is/are+过去分 词。 These books _ _ _ to be taken out of the reading room. 这些书不允许被带出阅览室。,are,not,allowed,(2014全国卷)Unless some extra money _ _, the theatre will close. 如果不能多筹集一些钱, 这个剧 院就要关闭。,is,found,3. 一般过去时的被动语态的结构: was/were+过去分 词。 _ the song _ by a soldier? 这首歌是由一名士兵创作的吗? We _ _ the machines they had turned out. 他们让我们参观了他们生产的机器。,Was,composed,were,shown,4. 有时用“get+过去分词”也可以表示被动的意义。 Some glasses _ _ when we were moving. 我们搬家的时候有些玻璃杯被打碎了。,got,broken,. 主谓一致 【课前热身】 观察下面教材中的句子并用括号内单词的适当形式完 成句子。 About two thirds of Frances artists and writers _ (live) in Paris. My family _ (live) in Cardiff.,live,lives,Neither Amy nor Helen _ (be) English. None of them _ (have) arrived yet. Each of them _ (have) a capital city.,is,has,has,【课堂诠解】 主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致, 主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致, 意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致, 就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。,1. 集体名词作主语时, 如果强调个体成员, 谓语动词用 复数形式; 如果强调整体, 谓语动词用单数形式。这类 集体名词有audience, army, class, company, crowd, family, government, group, population, public, team, village, school等。 用所给词的适当形式填空。 My family _ (be) going to move. My family _ (be) all football fans.,is,are,2. 表示时间、重量、距离、价格、体积等名词的复数 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。例如: Forty miles _ (be) covered in a single night. Twenty years _ (be) a long time in ones life.,was,is,3. 由or, nor, either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but(also). . . 连接的并列主语及there be结构, 通常根据就近原则, 谓语动词的单复数要和与它邻近 的主语一致。 One or two friends _ this evening. 一两个朋友今天晚上要来。 Either you or I _ going to be in charge of this matter. 要么你要么我将负责此事。,are coming,am,4. 当主语后面有as well as, with, along with, together with, but, like, rather than, except等引导的短语时, 谓 语动词与它们前面的主语保持一致。 Tom as well as his friends _ invited to the party. 汤姆和他的朋友们被邀请参加聚会。 He with his wife and children _ going to the park tomorrow. 他和妻子、孩子打算明天去公园。,was,is,5. 被every, each, no限定的单个主语由and连接时, 谓语动词用单数。 Each boy and (each) girl _ (have) an apple. (后一个each也可省略) 6. 由more than one, many a修饰的名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 Many a student _ (have) seen the film.,has,has,7. 由kind, form, type, series, sort这类词修饰的名词作 主语时, 其谓语动词的数取决于这些词的单复数, 而不 是它们后面的名词。 This kind of bikes _ (be) very popular nowadays. 8. 由and连接但表示同一事物作主语时, 谓语用单数。 The writer and speaker _ (be) from the USA.,is,is,9. each作主语的同位语时, 谓语动词由主语来决定, 与 each无关; 但each作主语时, 谓语用单数。例如: They each _ (have) a radio set. Each of them _ (have) a radio set.,have,has,【巧学助记】主谓一致记忆口诀 单单复复最常见, 集体名词谓用单, 如若强调其成员, 复数谓语记心间。 有些名词谓常复, people, police即这般。 单数主语后接介, 谓语单数介无关, many a作主(语)也如此, 谓语动词应用单。 or, nor, but also, there be, 就近原则挂嘴边。,关系代词作主语, 谓语根据先行词判。 不定式短语、动名词, 主语从句谓全单。,【课堂小结】 1. 通过正确理解句意