复旦、交大自主招生英语应试指导及真题详解第8讲：作文写作技巧与注意事项.doc

复旦、交大自主招生英语应试指导及真题详解第8讲：作文写作技巧与注意事项 第七讲：英语写作（二） 大 往年试题： Directions:writeapositionofnolessthan250wordsaordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow. Sample1 MyViewonPlayingComputerGames 1.有人认为学生打电脑游戏有利于智力开发。 2.有人认为学生打电脑游戏妨碍学习。 3.我的观点。 Sample2：对贫富差距加大现象谈谈看法 评分标准 Globalscoring a.Content b.Language 2分:条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。 5分：基本切题。表达思想不清，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。 8分：有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误较多，其中有一些严重错误。 11分：切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误 14分：切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上没有语言错误，仅有个别小错。 注：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个独立的词而无法表达思想，给0分。 严重错误语法错误 Therearemanyreasonscausedtheaident. Thedriverofthecarnoin. Thelifeisbeinggooderandgooder. Thatdayrainbigly. Themanwhothroughthestreet Thecarwhichinafastspeedhithim. Thecarwhichinafastspeedhithim. Igottheplacewherehappenedtheaident. 第1页 Ourcitywouldhappenmanytraffic. 写作注意事项 1.审好题，想好再写，不要写了又划掉，也不要写完了发现字数不够有写，这样整篇 文章就不联贯了。 2.把握好文章的重心，一般“我的观点”应该是重心。 3.注意写作的格式缩进式或齐头式。 4.拿不准的词、短语或用法应避免使用。 5.表达要清晰、简洁，不必一味追求结构的复杂而尽可能多的使用从句，这样文章会 显得很罗嗦。如：Theeconomyisdevelopingataspeedwhichisveryfast. 6.注意用词和搭配。 7.检查-s和-ed，尽量避免严重错误。 ChoiceofWords 1.ThreelevelsofEnglishwords Englishnativewords(core)informal(oral) FrenchorSpanishwords LatinorGreekwords(academicwords)formal(written) Examples EnglishFrenchorSpanishLatinorGreek askinquireinterrogate breakseverseparate fireflameconflagration houseaboderesidence kinglyroyalregal manlymalemasculine risemountascend timeageepoch IknowthatIamawarethat IbelievethatIamconvincedthat Ihaveagoodidea.Agoodideaourstome. Causegiveriseto Emphasizelayemphasison Becauseofdueto,owingto Stop,endetoastop/end Suddenlyallofasudden Oftenmoreoftenthannot 2.ConnotationofWords(Englishexplanation) mon,peasant,assassinate,gay,acquire,date,property,enemy,problem,issue 3.GeneralVsSpecificterms(overuseofgeneralterms) beautiful,delicious,famous, ChinasEnglish 小康社会、缘分、丞相、风水、三个代表孔子、孟子、老子 容易用错的词 1.词性 lack,serve,contact,last,marry,concern,like 2.汉语影响 moreperfect,veryexcellent,returnback,repeatagain,goodmemorypower,listeningability,highqualitygoodslearntheknowledge 常见错误 (1)twopredicatesinonesimplesentence EveryyearlotsoffamilyssitatthefrontofTVwaitthisgameafterhavedeliciousmeal.TherehavemanypeoplelikeSFG. Mymothercooksfoodisverydelicious. (2)OmissionandoveruseofBe Nowdaypeopleslifelevelisarise. ManypersonarelikewatchSFGintheeve. SFGwasappearedsince1984. SFGislikedbymanypeople. Howfasttimewasgone! SFGcandivideintoseveralparts. Weverybusy. (3)Comparativedegree moreandmorebetter beegooderandgooder, (4)Conjunction because.so although.but While (5)IverylikeSFG.Veryhate (6)Partofspeech mostofweChinese,makemesurprise, withthequickdevelopmentofeconomicandsocial, Inmysopinion,IadvicetokeepSFG. eatinggood,drinkinggood,playinggood; goodplays,goodlook,gooduse; Ithinkitduestothedevelopment, Letsanalysisanddiscoverythemainfactorsleadingthechanges. Tomen,womenjustlikedclothes.theylikeitlikemelikeit. twoweekspast choose,choice,sueed,suess,suessful,die,dead,death (7)Choiceofwords Thewholefamilyassembletohaveadinner. congratulateSpringFestival, abolish(stop,giveup)SFG, sitbehindtheTVtolookSFG, ManypeoplefallinlovewithwatchingSFG. Wecanelectotherprogramstosee. celebrateSFGwithbomb, standintheshadow/shade mosquitobite/sting Itsagaymeeting/party (8)Phrases inallin;onehand,anotherhand,thirdhand;atonehand,atsecondhand,atlasthand;inonehand,fromotherhand;lastbutnotthelast,lastbutnotmost;onmyopinion;Acoinhastwohands(coins).Everythinghastwohands(coins). (9)Spelling Wecantcansle(cancer,cancle)it. SFGiswatchedbyholeword. happyness, include(ing)SF,Everystudentincludemeenjoys Poorpeoplemaybeveryangry(hungry). eatthesoap(soup); Benefitial Drived Dispite Iwilladopttothecampuslife 联贯 1.并列： and,aswellas ontheonehandontheotherhand foronething.foranother firstly.secondly.thirdlyfinally subsequently,then,thereafter,afterward,inthefollowing atfirst,initially,originally atlast,eventually 2.递进： Moreover, Furthermore, Inaddition, Additionally Whatismore Besides Apartfrom 3.转折 But Yet However Nevertheless While Whereas Onthecontrary Incontrast 4.结果 So Therefore, Thus Hence Asaresult（consequence） Consequently 5.原因 Because(of) Dueto Owingto Ontheaountof Inviewof Thanksto Onthegroundsthat 6.假设 If. Giventhat Providedthat Unless Ontheconditionof As(so)longas 7.其他 (1)Sentenceadverbs:absolutely,alternatively,currently,undoubtedly,certainly,consequently,subsequently,obviously (2)PP:ingeneral,onaverage,infact,ineffect,intheory,inpractice,inreality,inparticular, (3)Advspeaking:generallyspeaking,broadlyspeaking,strictlyspeaking,theoreticallyspeaking (4)preciselybecause,mainlybecause,merelybecause,onlybecause 段落用语 Beginning: Withthedevelopmentof Asiswellknownto Weallknowthat Asweallknow Asaproverbsays, Asasayinggoes Asforsomepeopleholdtheopinionthat.Whileothers argue(maintain)that Everycoinhastwosides. Ithasmeritsanddemerits. Ithasprosandcons.Supportersandopponents Development Recentresearcheshaveproven/shown/indicatedthat Myarguments/reasons/ideaswillbelistedasfollows: Inthefollowingparagraph,Iwill Firstly,secondly,andfinally Whyisitthat. Ending Allinall Inaword Inconclusion Inshort Insummary Tosumup Tosummarize Inbrief 其他用语 bedeeplyrootedin beinfavorof beopposedto Itgoeswithoutsayingthat Thepasttwentyyearssaw/witness Chancesare Nowonder Itislikelythat Astimegoesby Whenitesto Asillustrated/showninthechart/table 面试： 面试的教授专业领域涵盖所有现有学科（人文科学、社会科学、技术科学、自然科学、学生德育五大