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钻机
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旋挖钻机钻桅及提升卷扬机构的设计,钻机,提升,卷扬,机构,设计
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徐州工程学院毕业设计（论文）任务书 机电工程 学院 机械制造及其自动化 专业设计（论文）题目 旋挖钻机钻桅及其卷扬机构的设计 学 生 姓 名 杨佳 班 级 04机本（6） 起 止 日 期 2008.2.256.02 指 导 教 师 仇文宁 教研室主任 李志 发任务书日期 2008年 2 月 25 日1.毕业设计的背景： 旋挖钻机是一种多功能、高效率的灌注桩成孔设备，被广泛应用于水利工程、高层建筑、城市交通建设、铁路公路桥梁等桩基础工程的施工。桅杆作为旋挖钻机主执行机构的重要支撑和受力构件，是旋挖钻机工作的重要组成部分，对于保证钻机的正常运行和工作质量起着重要作用。卷扬的结构采用卷扬减速机，主卷扬具有自由下方功能，且实现快、慢双速控制。液压系统是旋挖钻机的能源转换系统，也是钻机各职能部件的控制系统。2.毕业设计(论文)的内容和要求： 主要内容：根据旋挖钻机的工况、载荷等要求，合理选择液压马达，设计提升卷筒、防跑偏装置，钻桅滑轮机构的设计。基本要求：1. 卷扬机构、钻桅3、滑动轴承组等。（约合A0图纸3.5张）；2. 设计说明书一份；3. 翻译英文资料5000字。3.主要参考文献：1郭传新，杨文军.旋挖钻机国内外发展状况及应用前景.建设机械技术与管理，2005，2(3):27-30.2赵伟民，胡长胜，郭传新，杨文.国内外旋挖钻机发展分析.建筑机械，2005，6(5):63-66.3孔伟.工作台回转液压驱动装置.设备与维修，2004，3(1):64-65.4陆念力.钢绳滑轮系统的等效结构法.工程机械，1998(6).5王文斌.机械设计手册M.北京：机械工业出版社，2007.2.4.毕业设计(论文)进度计划(以周为单位)：起 止 日 期工 作 内 容备 注第一周第二周第三周第四周第五周第六周第七周第八周第九周第十周第十一周调研、查阅相关文献，收集资料。调研、查阅相关文献，收集资料。综合分析文献资料，提出并论证整体设计方案。计算并确定卷扬滚筒直径及马达型号。设计钢丝绳防跑偏装置。钻桅3的设计。轴承的选型及计算复核。液压系统。绘制安装总图。绘制滚筒及防跑偏装置。绘制钻桅3图纸。第十二周第十三周第十四周第十五周第十六绘制相关图纸。绘制部分零件图。材料强度校核。整理图纸资料，撰写毕业论文，准备答辩。整理图纸资料，撰写毕业论文，准备答辩。教研室审查意见： 室主任 年 月 日学院审查意见： 教学院长 年 月 日附录1英文资料Section 3hHT4400 SYSTEM INTERCONNECTIONSPlasma interface PC board preparetionSee Figure 3h-1 A Remove and discard the access cover from the plasma interface assembly. B Remove and discard the 2 connectors from the plasma interface PC board. C Remove the plasma interface PC board from the interface enclosure.Save the PC board,the 4 standoffs and the 4 mounting screws . D Discard the interface enclosure . Figure 3h-1 Plasma interface PC board preparationInstall the plasma interface PC board into the HT4400 power supply WARNING ELECTRIC SHOCK CAN KILL Turn off all electrical power before removing the power supply cover.Press the power supply OFF(0)pushbutton switch and set the line disconnect switch to OFF.In theU.S.A.,use alock-out and tag-outprocedure until the service or maintenance is complete.In other countries,follow appropriate local or national safety procedures.See Figure 3h-2 A Remove access covers from the power supply,as required. B Install the 4 standoffs on the plasma interface PC board C Install the palsma interface PC board into the power supply as show in figure 3h-2.Use the 4 screws that were removed from the plasma interface assembly. Figure 3h-2 Install the plasma interface PC boardPlasma interface PC board connectionSee Figure 3h-3 A Install the 37-pin connector to the plasma interface PC board. B Install the J2 and J3 connectors to the plasma interface PC board.NOTE: Wire NO.42 and 45 are secured to the 37-pin connector cable inside the power supply. Remove the wires and install as follows. C Connect wire NO.42 to the plasma interface board J5-2 terminal labeled ELECTRODE.Connect wire NO.45 to the plasma interface board J5-3 terminal labeled WORK. D Connect the other end of wire NO.42 to the top bus bar.Connect the other end of wire NO.45 to the bottom bus bar.Secure all wires and cables as required. Figure 3h-3 Plasma interface PC board connectionOhmic contact wire See Figure 3h-4. A Install the ohmic contact wire through the strain relief of the power supply. B Install appropriate size fork terminal on the wire end attach the wire to the J5-5terminal labeled SHIELD of the plasma interface PC board. C Install the other end of the omhic conyact wire to the IHS tab on the torch retaining cap.Figure 3h-4 HT4400 ohmic contact wire connectonOperating controlsTHE control muduleFigure 4-1 Power switchOperator pendantThe operator pendant consist of the LCD display,the keyad,and the connecting cable.See Figure 4-2 and the following table for pendant keypad use.Figure 4-2 Operator pendant key pad KEY FUNCTION/USELifter moves to home position (full up).the brake locks to prevent the torch from diving ,and system ignores the Cycle Start signal. Selects main operating screen for either automatic or manual control mode. Selects the height the torch moves to plate and then retracts after completing a cut.FULL=full retract MID=programmable dimension Initiates IHS test;Torch moves to plate and then retracts to cutting height.Press again to return to RUN mode.Enables LCL/RMT key.Enables B key when viewing the Diagnostic Screen. Selects Setup Screen A. Selects Diagnostic Screen B.Press SHIFT B to begin diagnostic. Selects data field for changing operating parameters.Changes the value of selected field.Changes torch height while in manual mode. small increase large increase small decrease large decrease Returns to main operating screen (automatic or maanual).Selects operator pendant (local) or CNC (remote) as control.Press SHIFT key to enable this key.Pendant display screensPendant display screens are shown in Figure 4-3.SCREEN TO GET TO THIS SCREENFUNCTIONAUTOMATICOPERATIONPress Can view and adjust basic opersting parsmeters.Can perform initial height sensing(IHS).Automatic voltage control (AVC) is active.Torch height is automatically adjusted during a cut to maintain the displayed.Set Arc Volts.MANUALOPERATIONPressTorch height can be changed (stationary or during a cut) by pressing the yellow increment (arrow up) or decrement (arrow down) keys.No IHS ,AVC ,or Rapid Pull-back. SETUP APressCan view and adjust detailed operating parameters.Press to return to main operation screen.DIAGNOSTIC BPressCan perform limited on-site testing of the THCcontrols,cabling and lifter.Proper testing requires that the lifte have an unobstructed path through full length of stroke.Also displays Firmware revision and type of lifter installed.Pressto return to main operation screen.REMOTEMODEPressandor from CNCTurns system control over to the CNC.No parameters can be changed from the pendant.Press same keys to return to main operation screen.MAINTENANCEMODEPressInforms operator that the system is the maintance modde.The lifter brake is locked and the system will not respond to the Cycle Strat singal.Pressto return to main operation screen.Figure 4-3 Pendant diplay screensPendant programmable fieldsThe following fields can be changed to adjust system operating parameters.Automatic Operation ScreenSet Arc Volts Sets the automatic voltage control (AVC) setpoint.Set Arc Volt can be changed any time (stationary or during a cut ) .when the AUTO mode is selected and after the Pierce Delay and Machine Accel Delay times hace elapsed,the arc voltage is controlled by the THC(torch height).The THC adjucsts the torch height during a cut ,to maintain the Set Arc Volts. Small change:+/-0.5V Large change:+/-5V Setpoint range:50300VSet Cut Height Sets the initial cutting height before AVC is activated.Also sets the pierce height.See Determining Pierce Height Factor later in this section. During a normal cut cycle,the torch will move down and sense the workpiece,and then retract to the Pierce Height,At this point the THC will issue aStartsignal to the plasma system and wait for aTransfersignal.The torch will move to the Set Cut Height after the Pierce Delay time has elapsed. Small change:+/-0.010inch/0.2mm Large change:+/-0.100inch/2mm Setpoint range:0.0101inch（0.2525.4mm）Pierce Delay Sets Pierce Delay (motion dwell time).After receiving the Transfersignal from the plasma system,the THC will delay both theMachine Motionand the Pierce Completesingals during the pierce delay time.After thePierce Delaywill begin to move .At thesame time,the torch height will rapidly adjust to the Set Cut Height setting and the Machine Accel Delay will begin. Note: For best performance,use the THC pierce delay,not the CNC pierce delay .the Pierce Complete signal applies to HyDefinition plasma systems. Small change:+/-0.010second Large change:+/-0.100second Setpoint range:09 secondsRetract Selects Retract to FULL or to a programmed value set by the operator.In the FULL mode,the torch will retract to the home position(full up). A retract distance that is too low will increase the risk of torch collision when moving to a new cutting position Small change:+/-0.060inch/1.27mm Large change:+/-0.50inch、12.7mm Setpoint range :08iinches(0.0203mm)IHS Selects IHS TEST(no plasma arc) or RUN mode.This control is used to Test the IHS without firing the torch.When IHS TEST is selected,the torch will sense the workpiece(with ohmic contact sensing or limited force stall sensing) and then retract to the piercing height.Then when IHS RUN is selected,the torch will retract to the set retract height.After testing,return to the RUN mode for proper cutting operation.Manual Operation Screen Torch Position Torch height can be changed when the torch is stationary or during a cut . Small change:+/-0.002inch/0.05mm Large change:starts/stops continous motion, NOTE: IHS and AVC are disabled when viewing the Manual Operation Screen.Setup Screen A Pierce Height Factor A percent value used to calculate the pierce height. During a normal cut cycle,the torch will move down and sense.the workpiece.then retract to the Pierce Height（Set Cut Height Pierce Height Factor）.At this point the THC will issue aStartsingal to the plasma system and wait for a Transfer signal. See Determing Pierce Height Factor later in this section.Stall Force Sets the lifter downward force during the IHS cycle.This value isa compromise between IHS speed,accuacy and lifter load capacity.Normally this value is set to the lowest force that will raliably move the lifter at the set IHS Speed.This setting will result in the least plate deflection and the greatest IHS accuracy. This limited-force-stall sensing is the backup mode to the ohmiccontact plate sensing.System will default to limited-force-stallsensing if the Nozzle ohmic Contact is set to OFF. The use of Stall Force sensing is not as accurate as ohmic contactsensing.To compensate for plate defection.the user may need to increase the values for Set Cut Height and /or Pierce Height Factor.Setpoint range: Relative value between 1(minimum) and 10(maximum)IHS Speed Sets the lifter downward speed during the IHS cycle.This value is a compromise between lifter speed and IHS accuracy. NOTE: At lower speeds the IHS accuracy will be improved.At excessive speeds the torch tip may be damaged and decrease IHS accuracy. Setpoint range: Relative value between 1(minimum) and 10(maximum)Nozzle Contact Active HD3070,MAX200,HT2000and HT2000LHF only.Sets ohmic contact sensing to ON or OFF.When sensing is ON,the torch will advance to the workpiece during IHS.The nozzle completes an electrical circuit when it contacts the plate,providing ohmic sensing by the THC. This parameter should remain ON for most applications.May be disabled (OFF) to get a more reliable IHS when cutting underwater or when cutting extremely dirty or rusty metal Limited-stall-force sensing is always active and provides secondary sensing to the nozzle ohmic contact sensing.Preflow During IHS Sets Preflow During IHS to ON or OFF.When this parameter is on,the Plasma Start and Hold Ignition signals will be activated at the start of an IHS cycle. The Hold Ignition signal makes it possible to increase the overall machine throughput.This is done by allowing the two normally sequential processes of IHS and preflow to occur simultaneously.When the IHS cycle is complete and the torch is positioned at the piercing height,the Hold Ignition signal is deactivated,allowing the power supply to ignite the torch. Note that the gas preflow time is determined by the plasma system and will not be reduced by activating this parameter.This function occurs with no interaction with the CNC and is totally under THC control.Some Hyperthem power supplies may not include a Hold Ignition singal.Machine Accel Delay Sets a delay to allow the cutting machine to reach a steady cutting speed before activating the automatic voltage control(AVC).If AVC is active before the cutting machine reaches a steady cutting speed,the torch may dive toward the plate.During the Machine Accel Delay time,the torch will maintain the Set Cut Height. This delay is based on the cutting machiine acceleration time to reach steady state speed.Set this delay as low as possible without allowing the torch to dive excessively at the beginning of the cut.Auto Kerf Detect Sets Auto Kerf Detect to ON or OFF.Reduces the probability of the torch diving toward the plate when the arc is crossing a kerf.When this parameter is ON,the THC will constantly monitor the arc voltage for sudden changes.If a sudden change is detected,the THC will assume the torch is crossing a kerf and will maintain the torch height until the arc voltage.becomes steady ,when AVC is resumed. If the part being cut does ont require crossing a kerf,this parameter should be set to OFF(inactive).Homing Speed Sets the lifter retract (homing) speed,This value is a compromise between machine speed and the amount of weight on the lifter.At lower speeds,the lifter is capable of lifting heavier loads. Setpoint range: Relative value between 1(minimum)and10(maximum)Inch or Metric Units Units can be set for inches or millimeters.Retract Delay Sets a retract delay to allow time for the arc to ramp down and extinguish.This time delay will start when the CNCremoves the Cycle Start signal and the plasma system is commanded to shutdown.After this prograammed delay,the torch will retract.Set this delay as short as opssible,so that the torch does not retract when the plasma arc is still active. Retract Delay should be used on Hypertherm LongLife plasma systems.Determining pierce height factor Typical pierce height factorSee Figure 4-4 for sequence of events.The Pierce Height Factor is a percentang of the cut height.The factor is entered into the THCpendant and the system calculates the required pierce height.The Cut Height will be maintaineduntil the Machine Acceleration Delay time has elapsed,then Automatic Voltage Control willcontrol torch height.The default pierce height factor is 150%. EXAMPLE: Cut Height = 0.100inch Pierce Height Factor = 150% 0.100inch150% = 0.150inch Pierce Height = 0.150inch THC system perform this calculation.Figure 4-4 Typical pierce height factor Sequence of eventsPierce height factor for thicker materialsGeneral When cutting materials 3/4 inch (19mm) or thicker,the torch may contact the molten metal accumulater on top of the plate during piercing.See Figure 4-5. To avoid this,the cut height and pierce height factor can be set so that the torch will jump over the molten metal after piercing is completed.When to Apply If the torch dives into the molten metal accumulated on the top of the plate during piercing.Do not apply if this problem is not encountered during piercing.Application Set the cut height to 2X the desired pierce height and enter a pierce height factor of 50%.(These are initial settings which may be adjusted to obtain cut improvements.)After the pierce delay,the torch will retract to the cut height for the Machine Acceleration Delay (clearing the molten metal)and the Automatic Voltage Control(AVC) will take over.See Figure 4-6 for sequence of evevts. EXAMPLE Desired Pierce Height = 0.25 inch Cut Height = 0.500inch Pierce Height Factor = 50% 0.500inch50%=0.250inch Pierce Height = 0.250inch THC system performs this calculation.THC Operating cycle time-linesThe following pages describe the normal operating cycle time-lines for the THC in the automaticand manual modes.Table 4-1 lists the problems that can occur during a typical operting cycle inthe automatic mode ,as well as solutions that can be done by the operator.The numbers shown isan operating cycle correspond to the numbers in the list of problems and solutions. WARNING THE THC LIFTER CAN INJURE YOUR HANDThe down force pressure of the X-Y THC Lifter has potential to cause injury.Be sure that the system is In a safe condition before accessing the lifter area.Automatic mode time-lineStart1. CNC traverses to next piercing position.2. For multiple torch/THC installations only:CNC issues INS-SYNC-IN signal to each THC.3. This signal holda are firing until all THC are at IHS position.CNC issues a CYCLE-START-IN to THC.4. If Preflow During IHS is enabled.THC issues a PLASMA-START-OUT and a HOLD-IGNITION-OUT signal to plasma power supply.5. If Nozzle Contact(ohmic contact)is enable,torch spproaches plate at programmed speed and stall force until nozzle makes ohmic contact with plate;then retracts slowly until nozzle ohmic contact is lost and then retracts to pierce height.b. If Nozzle Contact(ohmic contact) is disabled.torch dives at programmed speed and stall force ,until a motor stall is cletected and then retracts to pierce height.6. For multiple torch/THC installation only:THC issues IHS-COMPLETE-OUT signal to CNC.When all IHS-COMPLETE-OUT signals have been staisfied,CNC releases IHS-SYNC-IN signal.7. If Preflow During IHS is not enabled. THC issues a PLASMA-START-OUT singal to plasma power supply.8. If Preflow During IHS is enabled.THC releases are HOLD-IGNITION-OUT signal.9. Preflow completes,if it has not already completed.10. Torch ingites.11. Arc transfer to workpiece,Plasma power supply issues ARC-TRANSFER-IN to THC.12. Programmed pierce delay signal elapses.13. Torch quickly dives from pierce height to programmed cut height;programmed MACHINE ACCEL DELAY begins;THC issues PIERCE-COMPLETE-OUT signal to plasma power supply,and THC issues MACHINE-MOTION-OUT signal to CNC to begin profilling part.14. After MACHINE ACCELL DELAY elapses,arc voltage control(AVC)begins.During AVC,an AUTO-HEIGHT-ON/OFF from CNC freezes torch position(traditional CORNER HOLD).During AVC,CNC should issue an AUTO-HEIGHT-OFF when CNC not moving at prograammed velocity.During AVC ,If AUTO KERF DETECT is enabled,torch position is frozen when crossing kerfs.15. At end of cut,CNC releases CYCLE-START-IN signal to THC.Programmed ratract delay begins.16. Programmed retract delay time elapses and the THC raises torch until home limit switch is reached or partial retract is checked.17. THC issues RETRACT-COMPLETE-OUT signal to CNC allowing traerse to next cut position.Cycle completed,return to Start for next cycle. Table 4-1 THC operating cycle(automatic mode)process problems and solutionsProblem Solution(refer to operating cycle time-line on prevlous page)1. No response to CYCLE-START-IN at THCCheck power to THC on THC control PCB,D41-D44should be illuminated.Check line input fuses in THC power module.Check for bad Cycle Start connection.Check on THC control PCB.Machie interface inputs,that D9 is illuminated.Check on control PCB ,Machine interface inputs,that D15 isIlluminated.Check on control PCB.Extemal interlock OK,that D16 is illuminated.Check that Maintance Mode is not selected on pendant or do query on RS-422.2. Arc ignites before IHS is complete. Check that Preflow During IHS is OFF(disabled) on Setpu Screen A. If plasma power supply has a Hold signal,check taht it is wired properly.3. Torch does not approach workpiece at programmed IHS speed and stall force. Check that THC is in Auotomatic Mode.If not,press key on keypad. Check that Stall Force is not set too low on Setup Screen A. Check that IHS Speed is not set tooheight on Setup Screen A. Check for cable and hose obstructions that may stop movement.4. Inaccurate IHS witn nozzle ohmic contact. Check that THC is in Automatic Mode,If not,presskey on keypad to select Automatic Mode. Check that Nozzle Ohmic Contact is ON(enabled) on Setup Screen A. Check that nozzle ohmic contact wire is not disconnected Ensure wire is connected at both ends. Check Pierce Height Factor on Setup Screen A. Check that torch retaining cap is tight. Check for water on the workpiece.If present ,use Stalf Force sensing.Refer to 5b on previous page. Check for coating(oil,plastic,etc.)on the workpiece.If present,use Stall Force sensing.Refer to 5b on previous page. Check nozzle/shield,clean or replace. Check work lead connection.5. Inaccurate IHS with Stall Force sensing Check that Nozzle Ohmic Contact is OFF(disabled) on Setup Screen A. Check Pierce Height Factor on Setup Screen A. Check that Stall Force is not set too heigh on Setup Screen A. Check that workpiece is not deflecting excessively.Check the work table supports under the workpiece. Offset workpiece deflection by adjusting Set Cut Height on Automatic Operating Screen and Pierce Height Factor on Setup Screen A to achieve desired results.6. Torch fails to ignite. Ensure plasma system is operational. Check for proper IHS piercing height.Check torch. Check that IHS SYNC is off.Check on THC control PCB.Plasma interface inputs that D13 is extinguished. Check torch consumables.7. Torch arc fails to transfer to workpiece. Check that Piece Height is not too heigh by checking Set Cut Height on Main Operating Screen and Pierce Height Factor on Setup Screen A. Check work lead connection. Check torch consumables. Check for Transfer signal on control PCB ,Machine interface inouts.that D17 is illuminated.Table 4-1 THC operating cycle (automatic mode ) process problems and solutions (continued)ProblemSolution8. Arc extinguishes immediately after transfer/Excessively large pierce hole. Check Pierce Delay on Automatic Operating Screen:the delay is set too long.(The torch dwells in the pierce position too long before machine motion.) Check that Machine Motion Out is active after Pierce Delayends. Check on control PCB,Machine interface Outputs,that D25 is illuminated.9. Torch moves before workpiece is pierced all the way through. Check Pierce Delay on Automatic Operating Screen.the Delay is set too short.10. Torch dives below cutting height immediately after pierce delay and before AVC begins. Increase Set Cut Height on Automatic Operating Screen and decrease Pierce Height Factor on Setup Screen A. Increase Machine Accel Delay on Setup Screen A.11A. Torch dives toward workpiece immediatelyAfter AVC begins. Increase Set Arc Volts on Automatic Operating Screen. Increase Machine Accel Delay on Setup Screen A. Decrease Set Cut Height on Automatic Operating Screen.11b. Torch retracts from workpiece immediatelyafter AVC begins. Decrease Set Arc Volt onAutomatic Operating Screen. Increase Set Cut Height on Automatic Operating Screen. Check plasma interface arc voltage wiring.11c. Erratic voltage control Check for faulty grounds(work lead connection). Check for water leaks.12. Retract begins before arc has extinguished. Increase Retract Delay on Setup Screen A.13.Failure to retract Decrease Homing Speed on Setup Screen A. Check for obstructions in the torch path and torch lead set.Manual mode time-lineStart1. CNC traverses to next piercing position.2. CNC issues a CYCLE-START-IN to THC.3. THC issues a PLASMA-START-OUT to plasma power supply.4. Preflow completes.5. Torch fires and arc transfers to workpiece.6. Plasma power supply issues TRANSFER-OUT signal to THC.7. Programmed pierce delay signal elapses.THC issues PIERCE-COMPLETE-OUT singal to plasma power supply;and THC issues MACHINE-MOTION-OUT signal to CNC to begin profiling part.8. At end of part profile,CNC release CYCLE-START-IN signal to THC .Torch position freezes until arc has extinguished(until plasma power supply transfer singal is released to THC).Cycle completed,return to Start for next cycle.Note: At any time,the operator can manually jog the torch position up or down using the increment/arrow up or decrement/arrow down keys 中文翻译第三章HT4400系统的相互联系等离子界面的PC板的制备A 去除等离子界面去除，拿走汇编的盖子。B 从PC板去除，拿走2个连接器。C 从接口封入物拿出等离子界面PC板。除PC板，4个隔离和4个安装螺钉外。安装等离子界面PC板进入HT4400供电警告 触电导致死亡在去除电源盖子之前关闭所有电源。按电源开关使处于OFF(0)状态。拔出电源插头。在美国，使用直到服务或维修的一个“停工或标记”做法使完全的。在其他国家遵循适当的地方或国家安全程序。如图3-2A 如所需求，从供电拿走盖子。B 在等离子界面PC板上安装4个隔离。C 如图3-2所示，使用从等离子汇编接口拿走的4个螺丝，把等离子界面PC板装入供电。等离子界面PC板的连接如图3-3 A 在等离子界面PC板上装37个引脚连接器。 B 把J2和J3连接器装到等离子界面PC板上。 注意：42和45号导线使37引脚连接电缆内的电源安全供应。拆除导线，安装如下。 C 42号导线连接到等离子界面的J5-2终端被标记的电极。 45号导线连接到等离子界面的J5-3终端标记的部分。 D 42号导线的另一端连接到顶部母线。 45号导线的另一端连接到底部母线。确保所有电线和电缆安全。电阻联络线如图3-4 A 通过电源应变消除安装电阻联络线。 B 在导线末端安装适当大小的终端插头，并把导线接到等离子界面PC板的J5-5终端标记形状上。 C 另一端电阻联络线安装到在火炬装盖子的IHS标签上。 HYPERRTHERM 第四部分 操作这部分讲述了操作控制 4-2THC控制模块 4-2 操作者垂饰 4-2垂饰显示屏 4-4垂饰可编程领域 4-6 自动屏幕操作 4-6 手动屏幕操作 4-8 设定屏幕A 4-9确定刺穿高度因素 4-11 典型刺穿高度因素 4-11 较厚材料的刺穿高度因素 4-12THC操作周期时间安排 4-14 自动模式的时间安排 4 -15 问题及解决方法 4-16 手动模式时间安排 4-18THC可选的反应（双列直插式分装开关） 见附录A操作指导THC指导模块操作者垂饰操作者垂饰包括LCD设置，键盘和连接导线。如图4-2下表为垂饰键盘使用。主要方式起重机移动到原位（充分）。刹车防止火炬潜水，并且系统忽略周期起动信号。自动或手动为自动或手动控制方式选择主要操作屏幕。缩进/（最小或全部）选择火炬在完成裁减以后缩回的高度充分=充分缩回 MID=可编程序的准确度IHS/（测试或运行）IHS测试；火炬向板材移动然后缩回对切口高度，按一下然后返回到运行方式。为改变的使用参数选择数据域。改变选择域的价值。在手动模式时改变火炬高度。 小增加 较大增加 小跌幅 较大减少OPRSCRN 返回到主操作面（自动或手动）LCL/RMT选择操作员垂饰（当地）或CNC（远程）作为控制SHIFT按LCL/RMT键当诊断屏幕时，按B键A选择设定屏幕A B选择诊断屏幕B。按SHIFE+B开始诊断垂饰显示屏饰显示屏显示图4-3 屏幕 了解这些屏幕功能 自动化操作按AUTO/MAN.能查看和调整基本运行参数执行最初高度遥感（IHS）自动电压控制（AVC）是活跃的。在一个切削循环中为了保持设置的电压值，火炬高度自动调整。手动操作按AUTO/MAN.通过按黄色的增量（箭头）或减量（箭头），火炬高度可以改变（静止或中断时）没有IHS,AVC和RAPID FULL-BACK.设定屏幕A按A键能查看和调整详细的操作参数.按OPR SCRN返回到主操作面诊断B按B键能执行有限的THC操作，卷缆柱和起重机测试。正确的测试需要由起重机的一个通畅的道路，一段鸣声。还展示了固件修定和举升装置的类型。按CPR SCRN返回到主操作面。遥控模式按SHIFT+LCL/RMT或CNC把系统控制转向CNC.垂饰中没有参数是能改变的。按同样的键返回到主操作面。维护模式按MAINTMODE告诉操作人员系统处于维护模式。起重机闸是锁者的。且系统不对周期启动信号起作用。按MAINTMODE返回到主操作面。自动操作屏幕 手动操作屏幕集合弧伏特 130.0 实际弧伏特 0.0设置切削高度 0.1英寸皮尔斯延迟 0.2秒缩回 充分IHS 运行手动状态实际弧伏特 0.0设置切削高度 自动刺穿延迟 0.0秒缩回 2.5英寸IHS 运行设置屏幕A 诊断屏幕B预先参数刺穿高度因素（%） 100Stah强度（1-10） 2IHS进给速度（1-10） 6喷嘴接点活动 开预流期的IHS 关 切削参数 ACCEL延迟（0-9秒） 0.15自动切割 开主切削速度（1-10） 8 MSC参数英制或米制单位 英寸缩回延迟（0-1秒） 0.01 OPR SCRN操作菜单 诊断程序按SHIFT+B开始测试高限制开关 好低限制开关 好起重机类型 2接口REV G.0 CS=C646实时REV G.0 CS=763AOPR SCRN操作屏幕 远程模式屏幕 维修模式屏幕 远程模式维修模式只改变自耗确保等离子界面安全见手册 MAINT键重新开始 垂饰程序领域下面的领域能改变调整系统操作参数。自动操作屏幕集合弧伏特 130.0 实际弧伏特 0.0开始高度 0.1英寸刺穿延迟 0.2秒缩回 充分IHS 运行集合弧伏特 设置自动化电压控制（AVC）。集合弧伏特能在任何时间改变（固定或某一中断时刻）。当选择了自动模式和在皮尔斯延迟，机器ACCEL延迟时间已经流逝时，电压由THC（火炬高度）控制。中断时THC调整火炬高度来保持集合弧伏特。 小增量 +/- 0.5 大增量 +/- 5 设定值范围：50300V设置切削高度 在AVC被激活之前设置初始切削高度。也设置刺穿高度。见这节最后测定刺穿高度。 在正常的切削运动中，火炬会向下移动，碰到工件 ，然后缩回到刺穿高度。在这时THC会发出一个开始信号给等离子界面，等一个转换信号。在刺穿延迟时间过后，火炬会运动到设置的切削高度。 小增量：+/-0.010英寸或0.2毫米 大增量：+/-0.010英寸或2毫米 设定值范围：0.010-1英寸（0.2525.4毫米）刺穿延迟 设置刺穿延迟（详细运动时间）。在系统收到改变信号后，在刺穿延迟时间内，THC将延迟机器运动和结束刺穿信号。在刺穿时间后，机器运动输出量将会是活跃的。切削机将再次运动。同时火炬高度将快速的调整到设定的切削高度。机器ACCEL延迟继续。 注意： 为了更好的性能，使用THC延迟，不要用延迟。刺穿结束信号只适用于HYCNCDEFINITION系统。 小变量：+/-0.010次 大变量：+/-0.100次 设置范围：0-9次缩回 选择全部缩回或到一操作员设置的程序。在充分模式中，火炬将缩回到主位置（满） 当移动到新的切削位置，太短的缩回距离会增加火炬碰撞的风险。 小变量：+/-0.050英寸或1.27毫米 大变量：+/-0.50英寸或12.7毫米 设置范围：0-8英寸（0.0203毫米）IHS 选择IHS测试（没弧）或运行模式。这种控制不用烧毁火炬，用来测试IHS。当选择了IHS测试，火炬会感觉到工件（用ohmic接触感或限制力感觉）然后缩回到刺穿高度。选择了运行IHS，火炬将缩回到设置的缩回高度。测试完后，返回到运行模式，为了正确的切削操作。手动操作屏幕 手动状态实际弧伏特 0.0设置切削高度 手动皮尔斯延迟 0.0秒缩回 2.5英寸IHS 运行 火炬位置 当火炬是固定的或在切削中，火炬高度能被改变。 小变量：+/-0.002英寸或0.05毫米 大变量：开始或停止持续运动 注意： 查看操作手册时，IHS和AVC是没用的。预设切削参数刺穿高度因素（%） 100阻力（1-10） 2IHS进给速度（1-10） 6喷嘴接点活动 开预流期的IHS 关切削参数ACCEL延迟（0-9秒） 0.15自动切割 开主切削速度（1-10） 8MSC参数英制或米制单位 英寸缩回延迟（0-1秒） 0.01OPR SCRN操作程序设置屏幕A 范围50%300%1 10110开 关开 关0 9 秒开 关1 10英寸或毫米0 1秒刺穿高度因素 百分值用于计算刺穿高度。 在一正常的切削运动中，火炬会向下运动，接触到工件，然后缩回到刺穿高度（设置切削高度X刺穿高度因素）。在这时THC会发出一开始信号给系统，等待一个改变信号。见这节后面的测定刺穿高度因素。阻力 在IHS周期中，设置起重机向下的力。在IHS速度，准确性和起重机载重能力之间，值是一个保护方法。一般情况下，值设置为最小值，它会可靠的在设置的IHS速度内移动起重机。这种设置将会导致最小的金属倾斜和最大IHS准确性。 这种限制阻力是ohmic接触金属的备份模式。如果NOZZLE OHMIC CONTACT设置为关，系统会不实行限制阻力。 使用OHMIC接触比使用阻力不精确。为了补偿金属的倾斜。使用时必须增加设置的切削高度值和（或）增加刺穿高度因素。 设置范围： 相对值在最小值1和最大值10之间。IHS速度 在IHS周期中，设置起重机下降的速度。在起重机速度和IHS准确性之间的值是允许的。 注意： 低速时，IHS准确性会被改善。过度速度火炬顶部可能会被毁坏，减少IHS准确性。 设置范围： 相对值在最小值1和最大值10之间。NOZZLE接触活动 只有HD3070,MAX200,HT2000和HT2000LHF。OHMIC接触设置到开或关。当处于ON状态时，在IHS期间火炬会运动到工件。当接触到金属、通过THC提供OHMIC感，NOZZLE形成电流。为了最适用参数应保持on状态。当在水下工作或切削脏的、多灰的金属时，OFF状态会使HIS更可靠。限制阻力会起作用，提供次要的电感给NOZZLE CONTACT接触电感。预流期间的IHS 设置预流期间的 IHS到ON或OFF状态。当参数为ON时，“Plasma Start”，“Hold Ignition”信号在一IHS周期开始活动。 Hold Ignition信号可能从头到尾增加机器。这由允许2个正常连续的IHS程序完成。当IHS周期结束，火炬达到刺穿高度时，Hold Ignition信号被取消。允许供给的能量使火炬运动。 注意，煤气预流时间由系统决定。不会被运动参数减少。这种功能与CNC毫无影响。它完全由THC控制。一些HYPERTHERM能量供应可能没有“HOLD IGNITION”信号。机器ACCEL延误 在活动到自动控制电压（AVC）之前，设置一个延迟来允许切削机器有一个稳定的切削速度。如果在切削机器到达稳定的切削速度之前AVC是能其作用的，火炬可能会穿进金属。在机器延误时间内，火炬会保持设置的切削高度。 这种延迟是基于切削机器加速度时间给到达稳定状态速度。在切削开始时，没有允许火炬过分穿入的情况下，设置机器延误，越低越好。自动切缝检测 设置自动切缝检测到“ON”或“OFF”。当电弧穿过切割口时，减少火炬穿入金属的可能性。当这种参数处于on时，THC会不断地监视因为突然的改变电压值。如果这种突然的改变被发现，THC会采用火炬正在窜过切割缝和当AVC被记录时，保持火炬高度直到电弧电压变为稳定。 如果零件切削不需要穿过切割缝时，这个参数应该设置为OFF。主速度 设置起重机缩回（主）速度。这种价值是在机器速度和在起重机重量数之间的一种方案。在较低速度时，起重机有举起较重载荷的能力。 设置范围： 相关价值在最小值为1和最大值为2之间。英制或米制单位 单位能被设置为英寸或毫米。缩回延迟 设置一缩回延迟 时间来让电弧倾斜或熄灭。当CNC取消“周期开始”信号时，这种时间延迟将会开始。系统被命令停止工作。在这种程序延迟后，火炬会缩回。设置这种延迟需越短越好，因为当电弧仍然有效时，以至于火炬不能缩回。 缩回延迟应该在HYPERTHERM LONGLIFE系统上使用。决定刺穿高度因素典型的刺穿高度因素如图4-4事件次序刺穿切削因素是切削高度的百分率。这种因素参与THC垂饰。系统计算所需的皮尔斯高度。切削高度将会被保持直到机器延误时间已经流逝。然后自动电压控制会控制火炬高度。不允许的刺穿高度因素是150%。通常，这个值0%在150%以下。例如： 切削高度= 0.100英寸 刺穿高度因素=150% 0.100英寸*150%=0.150英寸* 刺穿高度=0.150英寸 *THC系统执行这种计算。较厚材料的刺穿高度因素一般情况： 当切削0.75英寸（19毫米）或更厚的材料时，穿透时火炬会接触在金属顶端融化的金属。如图4-5。为了避免这种情况，切削高度和刺穿高度因素能被设置，因此在穿透完成后，火炬会越过融化金属。何时应用 在穿透期间，如果火炬进入积聚在金属顶部融化的金属。在穿透期间，如果问题没有遇到，不要使用。适用 设置切削高度到期望的刺穿高度2倍，达到刺穿高度因素的50%。（这些是初始的切削运动，可能被调整包括切削改进措施。）在刺穿延迟后，火炬会缩回到机器延误
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