高考英语二轮复习第二部分基础语法巧学巧练专题七动词时态和语态课件.ppt

专题七 动词时态和语态,怎么考 在语境中考查动词的各种时态与语态。 怎么学 在平时的阅读、写作训练中，认真体会动词的各种时态、语态，不拘泥于语法。 怎么解 1.通过“时态定义”解题；2.通过“固定结构”解题；3.通过“语境暗示”解题。,.体验考向 单句语法填空 1.(2016全国卷)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _(be) often acceptable. 2.(2016全国卷)Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might _(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 3.(2015全国卷)It was raining lightly when I _ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.,4.(2015广东卷)While making great efforts to run away，she _(fall)over the hill and died. 5.(2015广东卷)He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what_(leave). 6.(2015陕西卷)At college，Barack Obama didnt know that he _ (become)the first black president of the United States of America. 7.(2014广东卷)We _(tell) that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week，but for the week after. 8.(2014辽宁卷)Tai Chi _(call)“shadow boxing”in English.,答案 1.is 考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语为动名词短语leaving the less.，动名词作主语谓语要用单数第三人称形式，且这里说的是一个客观事实，故要用is。 2.be made 考查语态。根据句意筷子是被制造的。 3.arrived 句意：就在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。根据主句可知，本文记叙的是过去发生的事情，应该使用一般过去时。 4.fell 考查时态。根据and后面的died可知此处用一般过去时，fall是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。,5.was left 考查时态和语态。what was left是宾语从句，主语what和leave之间是被动关系，且此处表示过去的情况，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 6.was to become/would become 句意：大学的时候，奥巴马不知道他会成为美国的第一位黑人总统。表示“注定成为”要用be to do；主句是一般过去时，所以从句要用过去将来时。 7.were told 考查被动语态。句子是过去时，且含义是“我们被告知”，故用被动形式。 8.is called 此处表示“太极拳在英语中被叫做shadow boxing”，应用一般现在时的被动语态。,.考点集训 集训 单句语法填空 1.(2016全国卷)I_(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. 2.(2016全国卷)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _(be) too violent for use at the table. 3.(2015安徽卷)Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I _ (leave)my book in the cafe.,4.(2015安徽卷)It is reported that a space station _ (build)on the moon in years to come. 5.(2015北京卷)In the last few years，China _ (make) great achievements in environmental protection. 6.(2015福建卷)Where is Peter？I cant find him anywhere. He went to the library after breakfast and_(write)his essay there ever since. 7.(2014全国卷)It _ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.,8.(2014山东卷)They made up their mind that they _ (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs. 9.(2014北京卷)What time is it? I have no idea.But just a minute，I _ (check) it for you. 10.(2014北京卷)Hi，lets go skating. Sorry，Im busy right now.I _ (fill) in an application form for a new job. 答案 1.was allowed 2.were 3.had left 4.will be built 5.has made 6.has been writing 7.was 8.would buy 9.will check 10.am filling,集训 用所给动词的适当形式完成下列短文，然后朗读或背诵，并在语境中体会动词的时态和语态。 Mother Teresa was born in Yugoslavia，on August 27，1910.She _1_ (attend) the government school near her home until she was eighteen.At that time，some doctors and nurses from Yugoslavia _2_ (work) in India，and they often wrote to the school about their work.She decided to join them one day.,When she left school，she first went to Britain; then a year later she went to India，where she began to _3_ (train) to be a teacher.After training，she _4_ (send) to Calcutta，where she taught geography at a school and soon _5_ (become) headmistress (女校长). However，while she loved teaching，in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school and went to work in the poor parts of Calcutta.Later she was trained to become a nurse in Patna，and then _6_ (begin) her work helping the poor and comforting the dying in the streets of the city.Slowly，others came to help her，and her work _7_ (spread) to other parts of India.,Mother Teresa was a well-known person forever.Many photos _8_(take) of her，as she travelled around the world to open new schools and hospitals in poor countries.In 1979，she _9_ (give) the Nobel Prize for the lifetime of love and service she _10_ (give) to the poor. 答案 1.attended 2.were working 3.be trained 4.was sent 5.became 6.began 7.spread 8.were taken 9.was given 10.had given,知识胸有成竹,一、3种时态的常考用法 1.进行时表将来的动作 现在进行时还可表示按计划或安排将要进行的动作，这类动词主要有：go，come，leave，stay，start，arrive，land，meet，move，return，stay，stop，do等。 2.现在完成时的2个常考句型 (1)在“It(This) is (will be) the first/second/third.timethat从句”中，that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。 (2)在“It(This) is the best (worst，most interesting等)名词从句”中，从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。,3.过去完成时的3个常考用法 (1)hope，expect，think，intend，want，suppose等用于过去完成时，表示未实现的希望、打算或意图，意为“原本”。 (2)“It/This/That wasthe序数词timethat.”句式中，that后的从句用过去完成时。 (3)“hardly/scarcely.when.”和“no sooner.than.”结构中，主句用过去完成时。,二、语态的2个特殊用法 1.主动形式表示被动意义的三种用法 (1)英语中有很多动词，如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，wear，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表示被动意义。此时，主语通常是物，且常常和easily，well等副词连用。 (2)表示感受、感官的系动词如feel，sound，taste，look等，后面跟形容词、名词构成系表结构时，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。 (3)在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词及形容词worth的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。,2.主动表示被动的两大句式 (1)在“主语(人/物)be形容词不定式”结构中，不定式的主动形式可表示被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。 This problem is difficult to work out. 这个问题很难解决。 (2)be to rent/blame/let也属于主动形式表示被动意义。 Who is to blame for the mistake? 谁应为这个错误接受谴责？,集训 奔向高考 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2016西安高三模拟)There once was a wise sage，_1_ often wandered in the countryside.One day，as he passed by a village，he _2_(approach) by a woman who told him of a sick child nearby.She begged him to help this child. So the sage came to the village，and a crowd gathered _3_ him，for such a man was a rare sight.One woman brought the sick child to him，and he said a prayer for her.,“Do you really think your prayer will help her，when medicine has failed？” yelled _4_ man from the crowd. “You know _5_ of such things！You are a stupid fool！”said the sage to the man. The man became very angry with these words and his face grew hot and red.He was about to say something，or perhaps strike out，_6_ the sage walked over to him and said：“If one word has such power as _7_(make) you so angry and hot，_8_ may have the power to heal.”,And thus，the sage healed two people that day. Language does have the power to change _9_ (real). Therefore，treat your _10_(word) as the mighty instruments. They are to hea