中考英语阅读理解解题技巧ppt.ppt

中考英语阅读理解解题技巧,资中一中王桂华,2012年4月,考点解读,中学英语教学大纲把培养学生阅读能力作为一个主要的教学目标，而阅读理解题是每次中考中分值最大的一类题。,它是通过文字获取信息以达到对作者的思想、观点、意图进行了解、认识和交流的目的。,旨在考查考生的英语运用能力及阅读理解能力。,新课标解读,据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义,能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系,能预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局,能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料,能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息,不借助词典能读懂含有3%左右生词的语言材料。能根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略获取信息,命题依据,能根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略快速获取细节信息。能把握所读材料的中心思想和主要事实。能把握所读材料的主要逻辑线索，事件和空间的顺序。能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解词义。能根据上下文理解作者的态度、观点和意图。能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和结局。,能力要求,预测能力快速阅读能力整体理解能力快速准确获取关键信息能力把握全文主旨能力,能力要求,把握段落主旨能力对西方文化的理解能力句子结构和文章结构的理解能力掌握一定的阅读词汇量词语意义的理解能力,题型特点,直观性问题常识性问题理解性问题推理性问题,考点梳理,中考对四篇文章的阅读理解能力要求阅读量约100词左右。根据题目要求，快速搜索信息。所选文章多为应用文体,如：各种通知、海报、节目单、时刻表、校园学生活动安排等。阅读量约200词左右。快速阅读，整体理解，根据题目要求，不仅要理解细节，而且要理解主旨以及推测词义等。所选文章多为记叙文。如故事、人物、文化等。阅读量约250-300词左右。快速阅读，整体理解，根据题目要求，不仅要理解细节、理解主旨以及推测词义，而且要理解深层含义、作者意图等。阅读量约200词左右。根据题目要求，快速提取关键信息，并要求一定的归纳能力。所选文章多为说明文。如科普短文，使用说明等。,解题步骤,一、先读问题，弄清考查要点二、快速浏览全文，掌握全貌三、细读原文，捕捉相关信息词四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案,主要题型,理解主旨大意（Tofindoutthemainidea)细节理解和细节判断(Tolookfordetails)猜测词义(Toguessthemeaning)推理判断题（Toinferaconclusion),理解主旨大意,解题技巧：1抓住主题句，锁定文章主旨2抓住段落大意，概括中心思想3抓住主线和关键，归纳文章中心,主旨题常见的命题形式：,(1)Whatsthemainideaofthepassage?(2)Thispassageismainlyabout.(3)Theauthorspurposeinwritingthistextis.(4)Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?(5)Whatsthetopicofthetext?,典例：（2011年内江市中考卷）,63、Whatsthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A、Manyparentsdontunderstandkidslanguageintheirblogs.B、Manyparentsareworriedabouttheseyoungbloggers.C、Manyparentscantunderstandwhytheirkidsdontlikestudying.70、Whatisthepassageabout?A、Repairingoldcomputers.B、Sellingoldcomputers.C、Recyclingoldcomputers.,细节理解和细节判断,常考题型：1、是非题2、例证题3、年代与数字4、比较5、原因6、事实排序题7、直接信息题8、间接信息题9、综合信息题,细节理解和细节判断,解题技巧：(1)细心审题，直接就题找答案。(2)变通理解，间接转述找答案。(3)多点归纳，综合事实找答案。,细节理解和细节判断,细节题常见的命题形式：WhichofthefollowingisTrue/NotTrue?Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingismentioned?AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueexceptChoosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.用Where,how,who,why,howlong等引导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。,典例：,65.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Mybrothers,mysistersandIwouldsometimesfightaboutwhichchanneltowatchwhenIwasachild.B.Thesedays,thereisonlyonechannelwitholdmovies,cookingandfishing.C.Peoplehavemanychannelstochoosefromnow.（2010年内江市中考卷）,猜测词义题,解题技巧：1、通过因果关系猜测词义；2、通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜词；3、通过构词法猜测词义；4、通过定义或释义说明来推测词义；5、通过描述猜测词义；6、用知识和生活经验猜测词义；7、根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。,猜测词义题,常见命题形式如下：1）、Theword“”inthepassageprobablymeans_.2）、Whatdoestheword“”mean_.3）、Theunderlined(划线的)wordmeans_4）、Theclosemeaningoftheunderlinedword“”is_inEnglish.5）、Theword“”refersto_,典例：,69、Inthe2ndparagraph,theclosemeaningoftheunderlinedword“teased”is_inEnglish.（2010年内江中考卷）hitB.criticizedC.laughedat60.WhatstheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedwordfined?A.罚款B.给予C.奖励（2011年内江中考卷）,推理判断题,解题技巧：与原文相同的细节不能选文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断,推理判断题,1、推理深层含义的常见命题形式如下：Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_Thewritersuggestthat_Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat_Wemayconcludefromthepassagethat_Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat_,典例：,65WecanlearnthelastparagraphthatA.ItseasyformanyteenagerstogiveupbloggingontheInternet.B.ItssafeformanyteenagerstoputtheirpersonalinformationontheInternet.C.ItspopularformanyteenagerstouseblogsontheInternet.（2011年内江市中考卷）,推理判断题,2、推理作者意图、观点、态度的常见命题方式如下：ThewriterspurposeinwritingthisstoryisInthewritersopinion,agoodschoolshouldWhatshouldbetherightattitudetowards“”?Thewritersattitudetoward“”is,例文：,Wespentadayinthecountrypickingwildflowers.Withthecarfullofflowersweweregoinghome.Onourwayback,mywifenoticedacupboardoutsideashop.Itwastallandnarrow.“Buyit.”Mywifesaidatonce,“Wellcarryithomeontheroofrack.Ivealwayswantedonelikethat.”WhatcouldIdo?Tenminuteslater,Iwas$20poorer,andthecupboardwastiedontheroofrack.,Fromthepassage,wecanseethatinfactthehusband_thecupboard.A、thoughtitwasworthbuyingB、believedtheyneededtobuyC、wasgladtohaveboughtD、wouldrathernotbuy,Whatsablog?Ablogisapersonalonlinediary(日记).Itscool,itshot,andeveryoneisdoingit.Peopletalkaboutitoften.Soundlikeafashion?Infact,Itsanothertrend(流行趋势).Andthewordbloggermeansapersonwhowritesdiariesonline.Areyouablogger?Manybloggersareteenagerswholog(进入)ontowebsitestodiscussanythingintheirlives.Manyoftodaysteenagersarenotafraidtoopenlydiscusseverythingintheirlives.Teenagerscomplainabouttheirparentsandhomework.Theysharediaries,post(发布)songsfromthelatestbandsandshowpicturesoftheirs.Theywritetheirownpoems,saysomethingabouttheirgirlfriendsorboyfriendsandcomplaintoeachotheroroffersupport.Butmostlytheyjustwritedownwhattheydoeveryday.,However,manyparentsareworriedabouttheseyoungbloggers.Parentsseethekidstalkingabouthowtheygotdrunklastweekendandhowtheydontlikestudying.Theyareusingthelanguagethatissurprisingtotheirparents.Besideshearingfromtheirfriends,teenbloggersalsogetmessagesfromstrangers.Mostofthetime,itsoldermenaskingtomeetteenagegirls.Thesestrangemenaredangerousformykids.Theysometimesteachmykidsbadwords.saidCaraCabral,amotheroftwochildren.ManyteenagersandyoungadultsknowitsnotsafetouseblogsontheInternet.Theyknowtheyareputtinginformationaboutthemselvesinaplacewhereitcanbeseenbyanyone.Butteenagersareunwillingtogiveupthesenewcommunicationtoolsthathavebecomeawayoflifeformanyofthem.,61.Theunderlinedword“it”inthefirstparagraphmeans_.A.thefashionB.theInternetC.theblog62.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Teenagersdonttellabouttheirpersonallifeintheirblogs.B.Teenagersmostlywritedownwhattheydoeverydayintheirblogs.C.Teenagerscomplainabouttheirparentsandhomeworkintheirblogs.,63.Whatsthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A.Manyparentsdontunderstandkidslanguageintheirblogs.B.Manyparentsareworriedabouttheseyoungbloggers.C.Manyparentscanunderstandwhytheirkidsdontlikestudying.64.Manyparentsthinkits_fortheirchildrentog