（天津专用）2019高考英语二轮增分策略 专题三 阅读理解 第二节 分类突破 一 细节理解-事实细节题课件.ppt

一、细节理解事实细节题,专题三第二节分类突破,真题感悟,名师点津,内容索引,随堂限时练,真题感悟,(20186月天津，A)FirePreventionInformationTheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems，firealarms，andfireextinguishers(灭火器).Theyalsoprovideeducationalprogramsonfiresafetyintheresidencehalls.Wheneveryoumovetoanewarea，youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.,FireAlarmsThefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithmanual(手动的)firealarmsystemswhichincludefirealarmpullstationsandpipes.Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors，smokedetectorsandsprinklers.Foryoursafety，nevertamperwith(胡乱摆弄)thesesystems.Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment.,FireDrillsAfiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresidencehalleverysemester.Duringafiredrill，pleasedothefollowing：TakeyourroomkeyandID，closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexit；donotusealift.Meetoutsideofyourresidencehallandwaitforfurtherinstructions.,FireExtinguishersFireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment.Useafireextinguisheronlyifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso.Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercancreateadangeroussituationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty.Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.,SmokeDetectorsAsmokedetectorisontheceilinginyourroom.Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsontheceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector：Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly，theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking(闪动)，contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.Donotcoverorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway.Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke，informyourhallstaff.,语篇解读,语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向大学生们介绍了火灾预防的相关情况：火警、消防演练、灭火器以及烟雾探测器等。,36.Whatisthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofessionals?A.Toprovidepart-timejobsforstudents.B.Toleadthestudentstothenearestexits.C.Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment.D.Totrainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals.,解析细节理解题。根据FirePreventionInformation下的第二句“Theyinspect.andtestandmaintainallsprinkler.”可知，火灾预防专家们的主要职责是检测和维护火灾预防设备。故选C。,答案,解析,36,37,38,39,40,答案,解析,37.Whatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsinclude?A.Pipesandsmokedetectors.B.Smokedetectorsandsprinklers.C.Firealarmpullstationsandpipes.D.Sprinklersandfirealarmpullstations.,解析细节理解题。由题干中的automaticfirealarmsystems可定位到FireAlarms下的“automaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors，smokedetectorsandsprinklers”。故选B。,36,37,38,39,40,答案,解析,38.Inafiredrill，thestudentsshould.A.rushquicklytoaliftB.gatheratthenearestexitC.shutthedoorandleaveatonceD.waitforinstructionsinthehall,解析细节理解题。根据FireDrills下的第一条以及第二条可知，选项C符合题意。,36,37,38,39,40,答案,解析,39.Whatdoweknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishers?A.Usingthemwronglyresultsinpunishment.B.Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem.C.Improperuseofthemcandestroytheapartment.D.Usingthemwithoutatrainerpresentisforbidden.,解析推理判断题。根据FireExtinguishers下的最后一句“Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.(错误使用灭火器会导致罚款)”可知A项正确。,36,37,38,39,40,答案,解析,40.Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector，oneshould.A.contactthehallstaffregularlyB.coverthethingsthatburneasilyC.startthesmokedetectorinafireD.makecertaintheredlightisworking,解析细节理解题。由SmokeDetectors下的第一条中的第一句“Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly，theredlightshouldbeon.”可知，选项D与之对应，故答案为D。,36,37,38,39,40,名师点津,一、题型解读事实细节题常以应用文的形式出现在考题中，涉及的话题有：广告类、活动安排类、书籍电影介绍类、演出信息类等。设问方式是以5W1H(what，who，when，where，why和how)等开头的特殊疑问句。二、解题技巧题干定位，寻找信息题干定位法是做事实细节题最基本的也是最常用的方法。事实细节题主要考查对某句话或某几句话的理解，可根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可以确定最佳答案。“题干定位法”分为三步：第一步：先通过题干信息来选择定位词。定位词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词等，即问题的核心信息。例如上面【真题感悟】中的第37题，题干中的定位词为theautomaticfirealarmsystems。,第二步：在原文中查找定位词或定位词的近义词，找出相关的句子。例如上面【真题感悟】中的第37题由定位词theautomaticfirealarmsystems我们可以迅速浏览到FireAlarms这一段中。第三步：分析这些句子和选项，得出正确答案。例如上面【真题感悟】中的第37题，分析句子和选项可知B项正确。,随堂限时练,(2018红桥区二模)4-DayClassicBeijingTourThe4-dayclassicBeijingtourisdesignedfortouristswhoetovisitChinaforthefirsttime.ItcoversthemostpopularandtypicalplacesinBeijing，fullydisplayingthescenery，culture，history，locallifestylesandfeatures，foodanddrinks，business，etc.foryou.Day1：ArrivalinBeijingYourguidemeetsyouatCapitalAirport，andhelpsyoucheckinatyourhotel.EnjoyBeijingDuckasweledinner.Acmodation：Beijingdowntown,Day2：TheGreatWall&theSummerPalaceStartyourdayatthemostfamouspartoftheGreatWall，theBadalingGreatWall.LeavethedowntownfortheGreatWallat8am.SinceitisalongdrivetotheGreatWall(about2hoursriding)，haveabreakattheJadeMuseumontheway.Lunchwillbeenjoyedinalocalrestaurant.IntheearlyafternoonebacktothecityandhaveasightseeingtouroftheSummerPalace.RemendedActivity：BeijingOperaShow(LiyuanTheatre,19302110everyevening)Acmodation：Beijingdowntown,Day3：Beijingcitysightseeing&LocalexperienceYourguidemeetsyouatthehotelat8amandsetsoutforthedaystouring：TiananmenSquareandtheForbiddenCity.Aftervisitingthetwosites，haveabreakandgetreadyforlunch.Hutongvisit：seesometraditionalartsoftheoldBeijing，suchaspapercuttingandkitemaking，andvisitalocalfamily.Acmodation：Beijingdowntown,Day4：BeijingOlympicsitesVisittheOlympicsites：BirdsNest，WaterCubeandOlympicPark，witnessingthefastdevelopingmodernChina.Enjoysomefreetimeaftervisitingthesites.Afterlunch，itisshoppingtimeandthenthetourisover.,1.Thisadvertisementisaimedat.A.foreignerswhoarenewtoChinaB.expertswhostudyhistoryandcitiesC.kidswhowereborninothercitiesD.peoplewhoareinterestedintouring,解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The4-dayclassicBeijingtourisdesignedfortouristswhoetovisitChinaforthefirsttime.”可知，这四天的旅行是针对初次来中国的外国人的。故选A。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,2.IfatouristwantstoenjoyBeijingOpera，heshould.A.visittheSummerPalaceonthefirstdayB.gosightseeinginBeijingHutongC.liveandeatdowntowninBeijingD.gotoLiyuanTheatreintheevening,解析细节理解题。根据Day2中的“RemendedActivity：BeijingOperaShow(LiyuanTheatre,19302110everyevening).”可知，如果想看京剧应该是在晚上去梨园剧院。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,3.Onwhichdaycantouristsenjoythecitystraditionalartsandlocallifestyle?A.Day4.B.Day3.C.Day2.D.Day1.,解析细节理解题。根据Day3中提到“Hutongvisit：seesometraditionalartsoftheoldBeijing，suchaspapercuttingandkitemaking，andvisitalocalfamily.”可知，在第三天游客能感受传统文化和当地的生活方式。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,解析细节理解题。根据Day4中的“VisittheOlympicsites：BirdsNest，WaterCubeandOlympicPark，witnessingthefastdevelopingmodernChina.”可知，这家旅游公司认为，北京的鸟巢，水立方和奥林匹克公园显示了北京是一个发展迅速的现代化城市。,4.WhatdoesthistourpanythinkcanshowBeijingisafastdevelopingmoderncity?A.BeijingCapitalAirport.B.BirdsNest，WaterCubeandOlympicPark.C.TiananmenSquareandtheForbiddenCity.D.TheGreatWall&theSummerPalace.,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,5.Tomaketheadvertisementwork，whatshouldbeadded?A.Agerequirement.B.Thehotelsaddress.C.Contactinformation.D.Theguidesname.,解析推理判断题。通读全文可知，这个广告没有联系方式，因此应该增加这方面的信息。故选C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,B(2018和平区一模)Iamreadinganovelatthemoment，astorysetinBritainandIndiainthe19thcentury.ItwaswrittenbyanIndianauthorwhonowlivesinDenmark，butneitherinthelanguageofHindinorDanish.AlthoughthepaperbackeditionImholdingwaspublishedinNewDelhi，India，fouryearsago，I(anAmerican)purchaseditrecentlyfromasecond-handbookshopinTokyo，Japan.,Thatsquiteahistoryalready.Buttheresmore.Thenovelisataleofvariousmysteries，allexpertlyputintoawell-structuredstorybyaveryskillfulauthor.Yetmyparticularcopypresentsevenmoremysteriesthanthetale.OnesummermorningintheyearofmypaperbackspublicationonJuly15,2012someoneelsewasreadingitwhileeatingbreakfastinarestaurantinMumbai，India.IknowthisbecauseIfoundareceiptofcoffeeandbreadinside.Ialsoknowthatthispersonwasnottheownerofthepaperbackimmediatelybeforeme.,Infact，theownerbeforemewasnotIndianatall，butJapanese.IknowthisbecauseinthebooktherearehandwrittennotesinJapanesetranslationsofEnglishwordswithwhichthereaderwasunfamiliar.Japanesebeingalanguageofcharacters，notletters，itisnoteasytodetermineifthenotewriterwasamanorawoman.Butthecaretakentowritethetranslationsneatlyinthelimitedspacesavailableoneachpageindicatesawomanshand.Soletusagreethatitisawoman.Whatcanwesayofher？Welleducated，clearly，andprobablyauniversitystudent，whowouldkeepadictionaryathandwhilereadinganovel.,Butwhydidshesuddenlystopreading？ThelasttranslationinmypaperbackappearsonPage83，lessthanathirdofthewaythroughthenovel.Didshegiveupbecausethebookwasprovedtoodifficult？Orwastheresomeotherreason?Manyanovelpresentsmysteries，allofwhicharesolvedbytheendofthetale.Themysteriespresentedbymylittlepaperback，however，remainmysteries，allexpertlyputintoawell-structuredstory，notbyaskillfulwriter，butthistimebythenumberlessvagaries(变幻莫测)oflifeitself.,6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenovel?A.Itisaboutaworldtrip.B.Itiswellwritten.C.ItwaswritteninanAmericanrestaurant.D.Itwasfirstpublishedinthe19thcentury.,解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Thenovelisataleofvariousmysteries，allexpertlyputintoawell-structuredstorybyaveryskillfulauthor.”这部小说讲述了各种各样的奥秘，一个娴熟的作家巧妙地(将这些奥秘)组织成一个故事，可知这个小说写得非常好。,答案,解析,6,7,8,9,10,7.Inwhichlanguageisthenovelwritten?A.Hindi.B.Danish.C.English.D.Japanese.,解析细节理解题。根据倒数第五段“IknowthisbecauseinthebooktherearehandwrittennotesinJapanese-translationsofEnglishwordswithwhichthereaderwasunfamiliar.”可知这本书上有日文的笔记，是对读者不熟悉的英文单词的翻译，所以这本书应该是用英文写的。,答案,解析,6,7,8,9,10,8.Theauthorassu