山西授阳中学2018-2019学年高一英语上学期期中试题.doc

2018级高一第一学期期中考试英语试题（考试时间:100分钟 总分：150分）题号IIIIIIIVVVI总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共45.0分）AYour house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan. Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating,for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)when theyre in poorly lit placesand so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesnt have enough window light,get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study,people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing,while cold colors make us feel less hungry.So when its time to repaint,go blue.Dont forget the clockor the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里)per meal than those who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time,and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while youre at it,actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down,turn on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one,total intake(摄入)jumps by 14 percent.And well pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short,wide glass than a tall,skinny glass.1. The text is especially helpful for those who care about _.A. their home fortsB. their body shapeC. house buyingD. healthy diets2. A home environment in blue can help people_.A. digest food betterB. reduce food intakeC. burn more caloriesD. regain their appetites3. What are people advised to do at mealtimes?A. Eat quickly.B. Play fast music.C. Use smaller spoons.D. Turn down the lights.4. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Is Your House Making You Fat?B. Ways of Serving DinnerC. Effects of Self-ConsciousnessD. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing? BStephen Hawking, a world famous British physicist, also wrote a childrens book with his daughter. Hawking said the book would be “a bit like Harry Potter” but without the magic. “It explains the wonders of the universe (宇宙),” said Hawking, while he was on a visit to Hong Kong over 10 years ago. Hawking is probably the worlds most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He is an expert on black holes. He has put his whole life into digging into the beginning (and the end) of the universe. “My goal is simple,” Hawking once said. “It is to pletely understand the universe, why it is as it is and why it is there at all.”Hawking has a bad illness that stops him from moving or talking. For a period of time, he had no way to municate except by blinking (眨眼).Now he sits on a wheelchair with a puter by his side. To municate, he moves two fingers to control the puters mouse. He selects his words from the screen, which are then spoken by a voice synthesizer (音响合成器).“I have had the disease for most of my life,” Hawking once said. “Yet it has not stopped me from being successful at my work.”Although Hawking is such a disabled man, he made great achievements. He has received many awards and prizes for his work over the years. This includes winning the Albert Einstein Award. It is the highest achievement in theoretical physics (理论物理学).5. In the first paragraph, the book that Stephen Hawking wrote is _.A. the same as Harry PotterB. is quite different from Harry Potter.C. about the magicD. about science6. From text we can learn _.A. Hawking is more famous than EinsteinB. Hawking is less famous than EinsteinC. Both Hawking and Einstein are very famousD. Neither Hawking nor Einstein is famous7. What does the underlined pronoun “it” in Paragraph 2 stand for?A. The goal.B. The magic.C. The universe.D. The book.8. According to the text, which of the following statements is the fact?A. Hawking has received many awards and prizes except the Albert Einstein Award.B. The illness keeps him from moving and talking.C. He municates with others by speaking.D. The illness stopped him from being successful.CWith the Chinese language growing in popularity, the UK government plans to invest(投资) 10 million pounds to help more kids learn Mandarin(普通话). Do you think it is necessary for the UK pupils to learn Mandarin? Some people share their opinions online. Ted(UK): The learning of any language can be valuable and rewarding, but it is not suitable for everyone. Chinese is a difficult language to learn and the UK has a poor reputation for teaching foreign languages. Why should they learn Chinese when most people in the world speak English?Mark(US): I studied French for 2 years in high school and German for 4 years in college. I studied Mandarin informally for about 4 months before moving to China. Now I speak Mandarin every day as my wife doesnt speak English. But it is far from being fluent. Learning additional languages is a great thing, which offers a different perspective on the world around us. Nowadays, its almost necessary to be able to speak more than just your native tongue.George (UK): No, unless theyre taught from a very early stage of childhood. Mandarin is so difficult. If China really is going to dominate the world, itll have to do so by speaking the worlds dominant language-English.Sam (UK): I dont think Chinese will bee as widely spoken throughout the world as English. It is too difficult to learn as a second language. To learn Chinese you pletely have to devote yourself to learning how to write and read it. If you have to learn it besides other subjects you cant be good at it. But Chinese will bee more popular, and that is a good thing.9. What is probably Marks main motivation（动机）for learning Chinese?A. Further educationB. Effective municationC. His frequent travelD. The official policy10. What does Sam think of learning Chinese?A. Its necessary.B. Its of little use.C. It takes too much time.D. Its not popular.11. What seems to be the major problem when foreigners try to learn Chinese?A. Its difficulty as a languageB. Misunderstanding about ChinaC. The great popularity of EnglishD. A lack of learning resourcesDUS private rocket pany SpaceX has announced that two private citizens have paid to be sent around the Moon. The mission (任务) is planned for late 2018. SpaceX CEO Elon Musk said, This presents an opportunity for humans to return to deep space for the first time in 45 years. The two unnamed people will fly aboard a spaceship which is set for its first unmanned test flight later this year. The co-operation of Americas NASA space agency had made the plan possible. Mr. Musk said, The two passengers will travel faster and further into the solar system than any before them. Like the Apollo astronauts before them, these individuals will travel into space carrying the hopes and dreams of all humankind, driven by the universal human spirit of exploration.We expect to conduct health and fitness tests, as well as begin initial training later this year. The first mission would be unmanned, and the next onewith crewwas expected in the second quarter of 2018, the rich businessman and inventor said, The first passengers are entering this with their eyes open, knowing that there is some risk here. Theyre certainly not childish, and well do everything we can to reduce that risk, but its not zero.The space tourists would make a circle around the Moon, scanning the lunar surface and then going well beyond. However, the mission will not involve a lunar landing. If NASA decided to take part in a lunar fly-by mission, then the agency would have privilege, Mr. Musk said. The US has not sent astronauts to the Moon since the early 1970s.12. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A. The two tourists cant afford to fly around the moon.B. Space travels are rooted in the spirit of human exploration.C. Initial training is expected to be conducted at the beginning of 2018.D. The two tourists are expected to fly at a slow speed.13. The agency has privilege becauseA. it needs co-operation with Mr. MuskB. it has previous technical skillsC. it will be able to remove all the risksD. it has to make money for research14. Where can you most probably read the text?A. In a textbook.B. In a science fiction.C. In a travel brochure.D. On a news website.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. The ing Moon Trip of Two Private CitizensB. An Opportunity to Explore Space for the First TimeC. A Paid Trip Planned by SpaceX to Land on the MoonD. Two Unmanned Missions of Circling around the Moon二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共15.0分）Five steps to better handwriting Some kids love handwriting, but others hate when its time to put their pen to paper. Maybe they are worried about their handwriting. Are you one of them? 16Here are five steps that really work!Get a great grasp.Try this hold your pencil at the top and try to write your name. Pretty hard? But when you hold your pencil the correct way, writing is much easier.17Hold it in place with your thumb, and your index (食指) and middle fingers.Let the lines be your guide.Lined paper is your friend! Those lines can help you create letters that are the right size and proportion (均衡). 18Also be sure to fill up the lined space pletely. Those capital letters should be from the bottom line to the top one.Slow down.If your writing is hard to read, try slowing down a little. If you rush, its hard to control where you stop and start your letters.Lower the pressure.19That makes it harder to make the smooth lines. Try easing up and dont hold the pencil too tightly. 20 Lots of games require you to write or draw pictures. So even though its not schoolwork, youre still using the skills you need to control your pen better.A. Play gamesB. Ask for more adviceC. Youve been writing since you were a little kid.D. So “a” should be half the height of a capital “A”.E. Some kids press down really hard when they write.F. The best way to hold a pen or pencil is to let it rest next to the base of your thumb.G. The good news is that just about everyone can improve their handwriting.三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共40.0分）RESOURCES BELONG TO THE SOCIETY When I arrived in Hamburg Germany，my colleague who worked there arranged a wele party for me in a (21)We noticed a few customers including several old ladies，were having their mealWhen a dish is (22)，the waiter would distribute the food for them，and they would (23)every bit of the food on their plates As I was hungry，my local colleague (24)much food for meSince there were other things to do，we did not (25) much time diningWhen we planned to leave，there was still about one third of (26) food leftWhen we were leaving the restaurant，we (27)someone calling usWhen the old ladies spoke to us in English，we understood that they were (28)about us wasting so much food We (29)for our food； it is none of your (30)no matter how much food we left behind，my colleague told the old ladiesThey got angry，and one of them (31)made a call to someoneAfter a while，an officer in (32)arrivedUpon finding what had happened，he issued us a 50-euro (33)The officer told us in a stern（严厉的）voice：order (34) you can consumeMoney is yours， (35)the resources belong to the societyYou have no (36) for wasting themOur face turned red We all agreed with him in our (37)My colleague took out a 50-euro note and repeatedly (38)to the officer My colleague copied the fine ticket and gave a copy to each of us as a souvenirWe all (39)it to remind us that we should never be (40)21.A. bankB. panyC. familyD. restaurant22.A. cookedB. gatheredC. servedD. missed23.A. desertB. refuseC. finishD. oppose24.A. keptB. orderedC. soldD. made25.A. saveB. findC. divideD. spend26.A. unconsumedB. undevelopedC. undiscoveredD. undetermined27.A. appointedB. heardC. realizedD. knew28.A. unhappyB. curiousC. nervousD. optimistic29.A. askedB. paidC. appliedD. accounted30.A. matterB. mindC. businessD. question31.A. passivelyB. immediatelyC. excitedlyD. regularly32.A. ragsB. fashionC. uniformD. dream33.A. fineB. foodC. awardD. souvenir34.A. howB. itC. whatD. that35.A. soB. andC. orD. but36.A. abilityB. problemC. powerD. reason37.A. wordsB. facesC. heartsD. ears38.A. approvedB. accusedC. admittedD. apologized39.A. stuckB. brokeC. threwD. kept40.A. hopefulB. wastefulC. mercifulD. grateful四、语法填空（本大题共10空，共15.0分）41. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）。The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world, _1_ consists of millions of pages of data. It _2_(date) back to 1969 when a US defense _3_(organize) developed a way for all their puters to “talk” to each other through the telephone. Thus DARPANET, a network of puters came into being. _4_ it was only used in the US army. Then in 1984, the NSF started the NSFNET network, which became _5_(know) as the InterNetwork. Later an English scientist came up _6_ the idea of World Wide Web while he _7_(work) in Switzerland in 1989. He designed the first “web browser”, _8_(allow) puter users _9_(access) documents from other puters. From that moment on, the Internet grew. Within five years, _10_ number of Internet users rose from 600,000 to 40 million.五、短文改错（本大题共10.0分）42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你的同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意：1毎处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改 10处多者（从第11处起）不计分During my last winter holiday， I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents I find a big change there The first time I went there， they were living in a small house with dogs， ducks， and another animals Last winter when I went here again， they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken They also had a small pond which they raised fish My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish I felt happily that their life had improved At the end of our trip， I told my father that I planned to return for every two years， but he agreed六、书面表达（本大题共25.0分）43.第二届一带一路国际合作高峰论坛将于2019年在中国举办,组委会向社会征集志愿者要求：1热情、有礼；2熟悉中国传统文化；3英语口语流利假设你是新华中学学生李华，请按上面的要求给组委会写一封应聘信生词：一带一路国际合作高峰论坛 theBeltandRoadForumforinternational Cooperation注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头语和结束语已为你写好DearSirorMadam，_ _ Yours，LiHua2018级高一第一学期期中考试英语试题答案【小题1】B【小题2】B【小题3】C【小题4】A【解析】语篇解读本文主要介绍了几种通过改变屋内环境进行饮食调节的方法。(1).细节理解题。根据文章第一句和第二句可知，本文的阅读对象主要是那些关心自己体形的人。故选B项。(2)细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三句话可知，研究发现人在蓝色房间里比在黄色或红色房间里吃饭时少摄入33%的食物。故选B。(3).细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第四句话可知，我们使用大的汤匙时摄入食物的总量比使用小的汤匙时摄入食物的总量多14%。故选C。(4).主旨大意题。整篇文章主要介绍了几种通过改变屋内环境与设施进行饮食调节的方法。故选A。评析本题考查对文章主旨大意的把握能力。抓住文章主题句是破解此类题目的关键。第一段中最后一句是本文的中心句，说明下文要介绍几种通过改变屋内环境与设施进行饮食调节的方法，据此可迅速锁定正确答案。5.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】C【小题3】A【小题4】B【解析】【文章大意】本文讲述的是科学家霍金的故事，讲述了他的身体状况以及他所做的研究工作。由It explains the wonders of the universe(宇宙),可知，这本书是关于科学的。故选D。由Hawking, is probably the worlds most famous scientist after Albert Einstein.可知答案应该是C，他们两个都非常有名。故选C。由My goal is simple, Hawking once said. Itis to pletely understand the universe.可知，it在这里指的是the goal。故选A。由Hawking has a bad illness that stops him from moving or talking.可知答案应该B。故选B。9.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】A【解析】【文章大意】本文讲述了几个人就英国学生是否有必要学习中文发表了意见。根据第三段中Now I speak Mandarin every day as my wife doesnt speak English.different perspective on the world around us.可以推断Mark学习中文的动机是与他妻子交流，即为了有效的交流，故选B。从最后一段中To learn Chinese.cant be good at it.可知Sam认为要完全学好中文还必须致力于学习怎样读，写中文。即他认为学中文要花太多的时间，故选C。根据第二段中第二句话Chinese ia a difficult language to learn，第三段第二句话Mandarin is so difficult,以及最后一段第二句It is too difficult to learn as a second language可知对想学中文的外国人来说最主要的问题应该是它作为一门语言太困难了，故选A。12.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】B【小题3】D【小题4】A【解析】【文章大意】本文讲述两位私人公民将要去月球进行太空旅行。根据Like the Apollo astronauts before them, these individuals will travel into space carrying the hopes and dreams of all humankind, driven by the universal human spirit of exploration.可知，太空旅行是基于人们的探索精神。故选B。根据The two unnamed people will fly aboard a spaceship which is set for its first unmanned test flight later this year. The co-operation of Americas NASA space agency had made the plan possible. 和We expect to conduct health and fitness tests, as well as begin initial training later this year. The first mission would be unmanned, and the next onewith crewwas expected in the second quarter of 2018,可知，这个公司有先前的科技技术。故选B。本文报道两位私人公民将要去月球进行太空旅行。A.在教科书；B.在科幻小说；C.在旅游手册；D.在新闻网站。故选D。本文报道两位私人公民将要去月球进行太空旅行。故选A。16.【答案】【小题1】G【小题2】F【小题3】D【小题4】E【小题5】A【解析】空前讲到很多儿童担心他们的书写，空后讲到五种真正有效的措施，“好消息是几乎每一个人都可以提高他们的书写水平”，作为过渡句，符合语境和逻辑，故选G。根据文章前面的句子But when you hold your pencil the correct way, writing is much easier可知，这里说的是正确的握笔方式。故选F。根据文章空前一句Those lines can help you create letters that are the right size and proportion (均衡)可知，即将说到的是字母大小的问题，而D项说到大写的A是小写的a的一倍。从逻辑上来说，D