初中英语语法专项复习-宾语从句.ppt

,中考英语专题复习,一、教学任务复习宾语从句二、重点和难点1、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句2、宾语从句中时态的变化,宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。宾语从句是初中英语教材中重点语法之一，也是中考一个考查热点。,回顾宾语从句,一、宾语从句的概念,宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.宾语从句是初中英语教材中重点语法之一，也是中考一个考查热点。,二、宾语从句三要素,引导词（连接词）语序时态,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which，what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,e.g.Ihear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)_.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）,hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,theearthmovesaroundthesun,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,e.g.1.Iwanttoknow_.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Askhim_.（他是否能来）3.Idontknow_.（是否要下雨）,if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus,whether(if)hecancome,whetheritisgoingtorainornot,1.当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.2.在介词后面,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.3.在动词不定式前,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句,1.Heasked_.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Doyouknow_.（他们在等谁）3.Heasked_.（谁的书法是班上最好的）4.Pleasetellme_.（我们什么时候开会）5.Canyoutellme_.（他在哪儿）6.Couldyoutellme_.（我该怎么去车站）7.Wouldyoutellme_（为什么火车迟到了）,whocouldanswerthequestion,whomtheyarewaitingfor,whosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass,whenwellhaveameeting,whereheis,howIcangettothestation,whythetrainislate,2.语句的顺序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。e.gCouldyoutellmehowIcangettotheScienceMuseum?Heaskedhimwherehecamefrom.Didyouknowwhatsthenameofthehandsomeboyintheclassroomyesterday？PleasetellmewhereIcanbuythebeautifulflower.,3.时态的变化.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。e.gTomhasbeentoGuilintwice.shewillcometomorrow.Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.heisinterestedinEnglish.,当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。e.ghewouldgotoXian.hewasillyesterday.Hesaid(that)hewasreadingabook.hehadhadsupperalready.,当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。e.gHesaidthatthesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.Theteachertoldthestudentsthatnonewsisgoodnews.Weshouldknowwhathesaidisonlythetruth.Iknowthatheisanexellentstudent.ThePEteachersaidthatdoingmorningexerciseisusefultoourhealth.,4.标点符号宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从句的限制。如果主句是陈述句或者是祈使句时用句号；而主句是疑问句时，句末则用问号。e.gHeaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelphim.Pleasetellmewhichcolouryoulikebest.DoyouknowwhereLiPingis?CouldyoutellmehowIcangotheNo.28MiddleSchool?Wouldyoupleasetelltheteacherhowoldyouare?,5.宾语从句的否定形式一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是think,expect,believe,guess,imagine,suppose等表示“认为，猜想”的词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。e.gIdontthinkitsgoingtorain.Idontbelieveshewilllendyouthemoney.,中考链接一：考查引导宾语从句的连接词,()1.Theresaredcarparkinginourneighborhood.Doyouknow_itis?(2007重庆)AWhatBwhoCWhoseDwhom()2.Imwondering_LiuXiangwillhavetimeto_themeeting.(2007江苏镇江）Awhether,attendBthat,attendCwhether,appearDthat,appear()3.Canyoutellme_itisfromheretotheSummerPalace?Letmesee.Itsaboutfifteenminutesride.（2006宜昌）AhowlongBHowsoonChowfarDhowmuch,C,A,C,解题方法：先分析从句，看是否缺少成分，然后根据句子的意思和连接词在从句中的作用作出选择,中考链接二：考查宾语从句的时态（）1.WhereisTom?Doyouknow?(2007济南）-Ithinkhe_tothelibrary.AhasgoneBgoesChasbeenDwent()2.Tomsaidhe_backinaweek.（2007四川）AwillcomeBwouldcomeCcome()3.Idontknowifit_tomorrow.Ifit_,Illstayathome.AWillrain,rainsBrains,willrainCwillrain,willrainDrains,rains,A,B,A,解题方法：1.主句用一般现在时，宾语从句可以根据实际情况选用各种时态。2.主句用一般过去时，宾语从句要用与之相对应的过去时态。（从句表示客观真理、自然现象时除外）,Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey_(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey_ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou_aboutthemurdernow.(talk),willbe,goes,wereplaying,havereturned,hadbeen,travels,aretalking,weredoing,Exercise:fillintheblanks,中考链接三：考查宾语从句的语序(时态，连词，语序同时考查）,.,()1.Heaskedme_.A.ifshewillcomeB.howmanybooksIwanttohaveC.TheywouldhelpusdoitD.whatwaswrongwithme()2.-Thesummerholidayiscoming.Haveyoudecided_?-ImplanningtogoHawaii,themostwonderfulplaceforwatersports.A.whenyouregoingtoenjoyitB.howoftenareyougoingtoenjoyitc.whereyouregoingtoenjoyit,D,C,一律为陈述句语序,解题方法：,注意：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappening?Whathappeneed?eg:Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?,1.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)2.MissWangtoldmethattheearth_(move)roundtheearth.3.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)4.LingFengtoldmehe_toseveraltimes.(be)5.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)6.Canyoutellmewhatthey_yesterday?(do),wrote,moves,hastaken,hasbeen,rises,did,将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.,Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.,Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?,Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.,Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.,Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.,Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.,7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.,