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论文答辩定时控制器电路的设计与制作,论文答辩,定时,控制器,电路,设计,制作

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河南科技学院本科生毕业论文（设计）成绩评定表学生姓名熊少义院（系）机电学院专业应用电子技术教育论文（设计）题目论文答辩定时控制器的设计与制作评 阅 教 师 评 语 及 评 分评阅教师评语：该设计有一定独特见解，能广泛应用于广泛本专科院校毕业答辩当中，有其独特的实用价值和经济价值；论文结构严谨，逻辑性强，论述层次清晰，语言准确，文字顺畅，并能简明扼要、重点突出地阐述论文的主要内容，能准确流利地回答各种问题；实物演示功能成功，并能讲解使用方法和注意事项。评阅教师评分： 评阅教师签字： 年 月 日（评阅教师用）学生姓名熊少义班级应教051班指导教师田泽正 论文（设计）题目论文答辩定时控制器的设计与制作目前已完成任务1、 总体电路原理图、单元电路原理图和相应的PCB板的设计；2、 实际所有电路板已经制作完毕，由于元器件不全导致部分单元电路未能调试只能暂作理论分析；3、 控制主程序基本调试成功。由于显示电路和语音提示电路尚缺元件，时间显示和语音提示无法进行演示，人机交流（键盘）、中断处理程序已经调试成功；4、 在测试板上除了显示电路和语音提示电路不能正常工作外，基本上都成功；5、 论文所用到的相关资料搜集完毕；论文正在撰写中。是否符合任务书要求进度：符合尚需完成的任务1、 显示电路；2、 语音提示电路；3、 论文的写作。能否按期完成论文（设计）：能够按期完成毕业论文。存在问题以及解决办法存在的问题1、 程序的调试；2、 部分所需元件不足，导致程序统调无法进行；3、 参考资料中对同一问题有不同的解释。拟采取的办法 遇到棘手问题及时向指导老师反映，在老师的指导下和同学的帮助下解决问题，设计过程中，多向经验丰富的同学请教，遇到有争议的地方共同讨论后再作出合理决定，确保设计的合理性、科学性、实用性以及资料来源的权威性。指导教师签字日期 年 月 日教学院长（主任）意见负责人签字： 年 月 日河南科技学院本科毕业论文（设计）中期进展情况检查表论文答辩定时控制器的设计与制作,学生姓名：熊少义所在院系：机电学院所学专业：应用电子技术教育导师姓名：田泽正完成时间：2009年5月28日,系统硬件总体框图,系统软件总体流程图,电源电路,独立式按键,89C51基本电路,显示电路,语音提示控制电路,ISD1820的基本应用电路,语音电路,秒表程序流程图,主程序流程图,结束,谢谢各位老师,毕业论文（设计）开题报告题目名称：论文答辩定时控制器电路的设计与制作学生姓名熊少义专业应用电子技术教育班级051班一、选题的目的意义 随着时代的发展、社会的进步，近年来，伴随着高校本、专科生及研究生教育事业不断向广度和深度发展,参加论文答辩的大学生人数逐年增加,但是由于师资与教学硬件设施得不到及时补充,使得原有的教务管理方法远远不能适应形势的需要,教务管理不再适用传统的手工管理方式。目前国内各高校都实现了信息化的改造,教务管理对实现信息化、现代化的要求非常迫切。大学生论文答辩是高校教务管理的关键一环,如果其实现了管理的信息化,必将大大减轻教务人员的工作量、提高工作效率、避免差错的发生,因此很有必要设计出一套实用的论文答辩系统。因此，作为一名电子专业的本科毕业生，有必要也有能力在此方面做一些尝试，利用本专业所学之专业知识，做出一个论文答辩定时控制器电路，以检验所学之理论知识与实践有何差别，为自己在今后的工作和学习中如何掌握理论与实践的差别做好准备，以便于掌握大方向。二、国内外研究综述世界经济结构向国际化和高增值型方向发展，信息行业和计算机产业猛增，信息时代的前进步伐将越来越快，传统的工作经济遭到网络知识经济的强有力地挑战；智能建筑，智能小区，智能家居等飞速发展，楼宇自动化(BA)、通信自动化 (CA)、办公自动化(OA)、家庭自动化（HA）等各种自动化系统不断出现；人们的物质与精神生活水平迅速提高，对工作和生活的质量要求也越来越高，因此对工作和生活的方法和效率要求也越来越高。所以，在工作上，传统的工作方法和设备受到了时代的强烈冲击，国内外都不断的把各种现代控制技术、计算机技术、网络通信技术不断的引入到工作中来。因为工业革命的推动，国外有很多国家发展较早，他们综合国力较强，国民的生活水平也较高，国民教育水平也普遍较高。大学教育在他们国家也较为普遍，文化教育工作在他们国家发展也较早，因此他们有较为先进的教学方式和教学设施。在我国，随着改革开放的不断发展，社会也不断进步，国家和人民也慢慢的富裕起来了，教育水平也慢慢的在提高，但是总体水平还是不高，教学水平和教学设施远远达不到发达国家那样先进。现阶段，随着大学的不断扩招和人民生活的不断提高，广大人民群众越来越认为，不让自己的子女上学是不行的，因此大学校园里的大学生们越来越多。但是，与些相对应的却是教学设施跟不上大学生数目发生的变化，其中，大学生毕业答辩就是一个问题。现阶段，国内大学生毕业答辩普遍采用最为古老的方式，即老师和学生面对面提问的方式；而且，大部分还是没有固定的场合，在时间上是老师卡表的方式。因此，教学设施特别是毕业答辩条件上有待于更进一步的提高和完善。三、主要研究内容1.系统有时间显示，如进行了多长时间或者还剩多长时间等。2.系统有语音提示，如在刚开始时、快到时间时、到时间时等。3.系统有手动控制键盘，如对开始，暂停，结束等的控制等。4.系统总体硬件设计。5.系统总体软件设计。6. 系统可根据时间和设计进度的进展情况适当安排扩展功能，如定时时间的可调、警示音和语音提示音的选择等等。四、毕业论文（设计）的研究方法和技术路线1. 论文答辩定时控制器电路的设计与制作的设计方案论文答辩定时控制器电路的设计与制作可以采用本专业所学之单片机技术进行设计，利用单片机技术所容易实现的键盘和显示技术来实现定时控制器的键盘控制和显示功能；另外再加以语音提示功能即可满足论文答辩时所需要的功能。另外，再附加以定时调节，提示音选择等附加功能即可较为成功地完成些毕业设计任务。2.需要完成的工作（1）熟悉论文答辩定时控制器系统现阶段之现状和发展趋势；（2）掌握论文答辩定时控制器的传统设计方法及存在的问题和改进的方法；（3）论文答辩定时控制器电路的总体框架设计；（5）论文答辩定时控制器电路各部分的设计；（6）论文答辩定时控制器软件部分的设计；（7）PCB设计与制板；（8）系统集成调试；（9）总结。五、主要参考文献与资料1 张毅刚，彭喜元等.新编MCS-51单片机应用设计(第二版).哈尔滨工业大学出版社.20062 杨金岩，郑应强,张振仁.8051单片机数据传输接口扩展技术与应用实例.人民邮电出版社.20053 楼然苗，李光飞.51系列单片机设计实例.北京航空航天大学出版社.20064 李名兆. 单片机语音合成技术J. 工业控制计算机 , 1994,(04) 5 颜世强,李树广. 公交车自动报站系统的设计J. 工业控制计算机 , 2004,(06) 6 徐凯, 田森平. 基于单片机控制的多路报站与LED显示系统的设计J. 交通与计算机 , 2005,(04) 7 李瑞成,张风艳. 语音芯片在单片机控制系统中的应用J. 山东建材 , 2000,(03) 8 张常年 ,王振红 ,李洋. ISD4004语音芯片的工作原理及在智能控制系统中的应用J. 国外电子元器件 , 2002,(02)9 肖海荣,王凤瑛,杨金清,孙玉风. 基于AT89C2051和ISD2560的录放音系统设计J. 微计算机信息 , 2004,(01) 10 李朝青单片机原理及接口技术M北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2005六、指导教师审批意见年 月 日河南科技学院本科生毕业论文（设计）成绩评定表学生姓名熊少义院（系）机电学院专业应用电子技术教育论文（设计）题目论文答辩定时控制器的设计与制作指 导 教 师 评 语 及 评 分指导教师评语：该生能很好地完成任务书规定的工作量；在做毕业设计的过程当中，除全部阅读指导教师指定的参考资料、文献外，还能阅读较多的自选资料，较好地理解课题任务并提出开题报告实施方案，能出色完成规定的外文翻译，译文准确，质量好；本设计设计合理、理论分析与计算正确，实验数据准确可靠，有较强的实际动手能力、经济分析能力和计算机应用能力；对研究的问题能较深刻分析，成果突出，反映出其很好地掌握了有关基础理论与专业知识，有此表明其已具有从事研究、设计工作或担负专门技术工作的能力。评阅教师评分： 评阅教师签字： 年 月 日（指导教师用）河南科技学院本科生毕业论文(设计)指导过程记录表论文(设计)题目论文答辩定时控制器的设计与制作学生姓名熊少义专业应用电子技术教育学生学号20030324120班级051指导教师姓名田泽正职称教授第1次指导：发派设计任务，确定了设计方向。 指导时间 年 月 日第2次指导：收集资料，确定了可实现设计的方案。 指导时间 年 月 日第3次指导：查询资料，对比方案，确定了设计方案为用单片机实现。 指导时间 年 月 日第4次指导：根据所掌握的资料，确定了所能实现的功能，考虑暂时不能实现的功能如何才能实现。 指导时间 年 月 日第5次指导：确定了单片机硬件实现框图、程序大概实现办法。 指导时间 年 月 日第6次指导：结合程序实现方法，设计出了单片机硬件控制电路、单片机显示电路、语音提示电路。 指导时间 年 月 日续表第7次指导：制作出了单片机控制电路板、显示电路板及主意提示电路板。 指导时间 年 月 日第8次指导：设计出了全部所需程序，软件模拟调试。 指导时间 年 月 日第9次指导：写程序，并与硬件联合调试，经调试修改后，功能实现无误，制作出了外包装。 指导时间 年 月 日第10次指导：整理材料，撰写好了论文。 指导时间 年 月 日第11次指导：上交了论文，基本可以，稍作部分修改。 指导时间 年 月 日第12次指导：论文修改可以，可以答辩。 指导时间 年 月 日说明：1.此表为指导教师指导学生结业论文(设计)的过程记录表，由指导教师填写。2.要求指导教师每周至少指导学生2次。每周集中填写指导记录表1次。3. 论文(设计)完成后，此表由指导教师交院(系)教学秘书处保存。Introduct voice circuitWith the development of society and technology, the modern electronic products design pays great attention to product the easy operational type, the man-machine contact surface certainly to have to be good. The sound, the image and so on make the most important method which associates with the humanity, also is manifested in the electronic products design. Uses a pronunciation chip, lets the product open the mouth to speak, may get up strengthened function and so on propaganda brand, instruction user use, breakdown urgent prompt, entertainment, novel causes the product design to be practical, to forestall opponent by a show of strengthen feats the enemy by a surprise attack. Different product functional design and market demand, when design must correctly select the different pronunciation chip or the module achieves the best natural price ratio. Engineer may from following several aspects consider which kind of type selects the pronunciation chipAfter first, the pronunciation content transcribes the pronunciation chip, whether the content does have frequently to revise: If the pronunciation content frequently must revise, for example, recording greeting card product design and so on the electronic message machine, should use the ISD series or the APR series pronunciation recording and sending out electric circuit, these two kind of chips all support no matter what records, falls thee lectricity pronunciation content not to be able to lose, some 10second -16 minute each kind of different chip may supply the choice. The acoustic fidelity is better, may approach the magnetic tap eacoustic fidelity. If after the pronunciation content reads in does not need to revise, may consider uses OTP (disposable fever to write) the pronunciation electric circuit and to cover the membrane pronunciation electric circuitSecond, how chooses OTP perhaps the MASK pronunciation electric circuit: How these two center selects, then mainly reads the order form the quantity, the variety as well as the date of delivery. After the OTP pronunciation electric circuit must use special-purpose programming fever writing to burn into the pronunciation content edition, needs the PC machine support. This kind of chip not subscribes the quantity limit, a piece also may manufacture, the delivery is quick. Periphery part few, partition simple, the price is lower, at present has 10 second /21 second /42 second /85 second /,170 second /,341 second and so on the many kinds of models to be possible to elect (to be allowed to divide multistage application). Suits must fast promote the product, the batch few, the variety are many, the pronunciation does not have to modify the product selects. On each kind of product and so on electrical appliances, motorcycle, coal gas alarm apparatus, rental car mileage fare meter has obtained the widespread application. If the order form quantity is very big (above 20,000 pieces), request price very low application, like each kind of electronic toy, electronic praying to Buddha machine and so on product, then should use covers the membrane (MASK) the pronunciation electric circuit. At present has 3 second -360 second many kinds of specifications to supply the choice, may divide into the multistage. When MASK chip ordering has to subscribe the quantity and Man Danliang, if throws the single quantity not to be able to achieve for the first time the factory stipulation completely the single quantity, usually also must pay 1500-3000 Dollar light cover to spend (general factory all to pledge throws full stipulation quantity in a year to return light cover to spend). The production cycle is longer, usual need 35-45 day. Throws after the list, is unable to change, the risk is bigger.Third, looks at pronunciation transcribing the length: May see from the above introduction, the ISD/APR monolithic pronunciation recording and sending out chip longest recording time is16 minutes (the 4KHZ sampling rate). In this recording time, uses the ISD/APR chip to have the better natural price ratio. Flows rapidlyBMP5008 multistage recording and sending out board which the company newly promotes, uses the brand-new 32K sampling circuit design, the acoustic fidelity good, may make 4-8 minute multistage recording and sending out, also the price is low, needs the monolithic integrated circuit support not in addition, the suggestion use. If makes a longer time the sound recording (to surpass above 16 minutes), above chip superiority is not obvious, suggested uses flows rapidly companys MP3series general development board and the BSP-60 development board, its acoustic fidelity, the recording length, the easy to operate and the price and so on have the superiority, is longest may achieve for several dozens hours the sound recordings. (These two developments board detailed introduction sees this handbook thread). Fourth, looked the request the pronunciation returns puts the acoustic fidelity: The general pronunciation returns puts, the ISD/APR monolithic pronunciation recording and sending out electric circuit and the OTP/MASK chip should all be able to be competent. But regarding some acoustic fidelity request specially high situation, for instance the design medicine model heart and lungs system, the request clearly returns felt relieved, the lung normal sound, the unusual sound, the general pronunciation chip acoustic fidelity could not achieve the design effect, should use the MP3 general development board. Fifth, in the basis product design has the monolithic integrated circuit: If has the monolithic integrated circuit, the above introduced the chip basically all may use. If does not have, then only could in the OTP chip and ISD1810, 1,110, 1,420, 2,560, in APR9301, 9600 chooses.ISD4000 and the APR6000 series chip all needs the monolithicinte grated circuit support. Monolithic pronunciation recording and sending out electric circuit ISD1110 (monolithic multistage recording and sending out electric circuit, 10 second /6.4K sampling, but key modulation recording and sending out, 5V power supply) ISD1420 (monolithic multistage recording and sending out electric circuit, 20 second /6.4K sampling, but key modulation recording and sending out, 5V power supply) ISD1810 (monolithic 8-16 second may adjust single stage pronunciation recording and sending out electric circuit, the 3V power supply, 16 feet DIP seal) ISD2532/40 (monolithic multistage recording and sending out electric circuit, 32 second /8K, 40 second /6.4k sampling, but key modulation recording and sending out, 5V power supply) ISD2560/120 (monolithic multistage recording and sending out electric circuit, 60 second /8K sampling, but key modulation recording and sending out, 5V power supply) ISD3360 (60 second /8K multistage pronunciation recording and sending out electric circuit, the SPI connection, needs the MCU control, the3V power supply, the TSOP seal) ISD4002 (2 minute /8K multistage pronunciation recording and sending out electric circuit, the SPI connection, needs the MCU control, the 3V power supply) ISD4003 (4 minute /8K multistage pronunciation recording and sending out electric circuit, the SPI connection, needs the MCU control, the 3V power supply) ISD4004 (8 minute /8K multistage pronunciation recording and sending out electric circuit, the SPI connection, needs the MCU control, the 3V power supply) APR6008 (the monolithic pronunciation recording and sending out electric circuit, the SPI connection, needs the MCU control.4K/5.6K/6.4K/8K sampling rate software controllable, may record and send out 4-8 minute, the reliability well, price low, the source of goods is steady. But the bottom chirp is slightly bigger than the ISD chip) APR6016 (the monolithic pronunciation recording and sending out electric circuit, the SPI connection, needs the MCU control.4K/5.6K/6.4K/8K sampling rate software controllable, may record and send out 4-8 minute, the reliability well, price low, the source of goods is steady. But the bottom chirp is slightly bigger than the ISD chip) API8108A (10 second /8 section of OTP (programmable) pronunciation electric circuit, price low, the periphery electric circuit is succinct. Partitions simply, the delivery is quick. Does not have subscribes the quantity limit. 16 feet DIP/SOP seal, 3V-6V power supply)API840N (40 second /31 section of OTP (programmable)pronunciation electric circuit, price low, the periphery electric circuit is succinct. Partitions simply, the delivery is quick. Does not have subscribes the quantity limit. 20 feet DIP/SOP seal, 3V-6Vpower supply) AP89021/042 (21 second /42 second /8 section of /31 section of OTP (programmable) pronunciation electric circuit, price low, the periphery electric circuit is succinct. Partitions simply, the delivery is quick. Does not have subscribes the quantity limit. 16feet /20 foot DIP/SOP seal, the 2.4V-3.6V power supply, the base pin and API8108A/840N b AP89341/170/085 (341 second /,170 second /85 second /,256 section of OTP (programmable) pronunciation electric circuit, price low, the periphery electric circuit is succinct. Partitions simply, the delivery is quick. Does not have subscribes the quantity limit. Has the high acoustic fidelity pattern (PCM)/the ordinary acoustic fidelity (ADPCM) two kind of acoustic fidelity to be possible to elect. The pressed key, the MCU serial mouth control/parallel mouth control many kinds of ways trigger the way to be possible to elect. 24feet DIP seal, 2.4V-3.6V power supply). The OTP pronunciation chip introduced and makes the flow on September14, 2005The manufacture uses in the OTP pronunciation electric circuit sound document, when transcribes the new sound certainly must choose the single track pattern, the sampling frequency acts according to the pronunciation chip model which your sound length and uses to decide, sampling frequency higher, the sound acoustic fidelity is better, but can save the pronunciation long goes past short. The general OTP pronunciation chip says 10 second, 21 second, 42 seconds (for exampleAPI8108, AP8821, AP8810, AP8842), are when sampling frequency 6KHz the pronunciation length amounts to for 10 seconds. But sampling frequency if is 12KHz, then the API8108A chip actually only can save 5 seconds pronunciations. Therefore must measure the pronunciation the acoustic fidelity and the pronunciation length. According to experiences, the general sampling frequency determination is 8KHz is suitable, this frequency has given dual attention to the acoustic fidelity and the length. The document transcribes after, when memory should save VOC the form. If you transcribe the pronunciation is uses in the ISD series pronunciation chip to make the visible sound source use, takes elects 22050Hz, Mono the WAV document format as is suitaIn order to guarantee recording the effect, the sound source best uses CD, the VCD contour acoustic fidelity sound source, the use Line in, CD Audio and so on the way input. If uses the MIC sound recording, certainly must select high nurtures the divine or pristine element within oneself, well, the sensitivity lowers some MIC, also the room sound-insulated is good, the radio announcer has clear enunciation, pronunciation standard. If wants to make the product, needs to look for the specialized recording technician. Manufacture safter the computer completes, the general request makes the sounds ource the CD small dish, is best can make two kind of different forms the documents: One kind uses the 44.1Hz sampling, 16bit, thealliteration form WAV document; One kind uses the 11.025khz sampling,8bit, the single track form WAV document. 语音电路的介绍随着科技的进步和社会的发展，现代电子产品设计越来越注重产品的易使用型，人机界面一定要良好。声音、图象等做为人类交往的最重要手段，也被体现在电子产品设计中。采用一颗语音芯片，让产品开口说话，可以起到强化宣传品牌、指导用户使用、故障紧急提示、娱乐等功能，使产品设计新颖实用、先声夺人、出奇制胜。不同的产品功能设计和市场需求，在设计时必须正确选用不同的语音芯片或组件，以达到最佳的性价比。工程师可以从以下几个方面考虑选用哪种类型的语音芯片。一、语音内容录制到语音芯片后，内容是否要经常修改:如果语音内容经常要修改，例如电子留言机、录音贺卡等产品设计，应该采用ISD系列或APR系列的语音录放电路，这两种芯片都支持任录任放，掉电语音内容不会丢失，有10秒-16分钟各种不同的芯片可供选择。音质较好，可接近磁带音质。如果语音内容写入后就不需要修改，可考虑采用OTP型（一次性烧写）语音电路和掩膜型语音电路。二、如何选择OTP型或是MASK型语音电路:这两者中如何选用，则主要看定单的数量、品种以及交货期。OTP型语音电路需采用专用编程烧写器将语音内容编辑后烧入，需PC机支持。这种芯片无订量限制，一片也可以制作，交货快捷。外围元件少，分