甘肃省会宁县第一中学2019届高三英语上学期第一次月考试题.doc

会宁一中2019届高三英语第一次月考试题第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhen it es to purchasing your first bike, the choice is endless, making it tough to know what to go for. Here are the the best buys on the market right now.1. Boardman CX pThis is a cross-country bike, and its so multifunctional that you can handle any terrain (地势) on it, making it a great choice for those wanting to try various cycling subjects. If you leave on the thick tires it es with, it can ride on various paths and can even handle some less demanding mountain bike routes. Alternatively, put on thin, smooth tires and treat it as a road bike. It has a basket and es with Shimano Sora gears(变速器), which are outstanding for its price.&650, Halfords2. Planet X RT-58 v2Planet X is based in Yorkshire, which means youd probably have to buy this bike without seeing it. But its worth it, because this is an excellent machine at a lower price. Planet X is a highly rated manufacture and this model es with Shimano Sora gearing.&585, Planet X3. Specialized Allez ESSpecialized is one of the biggest and most popular brands in cycling, and this is its hugely popular primary road bike. It es with solid ponents from front to back and youll look great out on the road.&575, Evans Cycles4. Boardman Road Team CarbonIf you can push your budget further still, this bike is worth the extra investment. The frame is made entirely from carbon, which is lighter, faster and more fortable than the position metal models above and gives you an all-round more enjoyable ride. It also means that if you get really serious about cycling, you dont have to upgrade as quickly as you would with a cheaper bike.&800, Halfords21. What is special about Boardman CX p?A. Its Shimano Sora gearsB. Its various functionsC. Its reasonable priceD. Its firm tires22. Which one has the lowest price but with Shimano Sora gears?A. Planet X RT-58 v2B. Specialized Allez E5C. Boardman CX p D. Boardman Road Team Carbon23. What can we learn about the bikes mentioned in the text?A. Planet X RT-58 v2 has been sold out so farB. Boardman CX p is actually a mountain bikeC. Specialized Allez E5 is designed for senior cyclistsD. Boardman Road Tram Carbon is made by special materialsBWho decided that blue jeans and T-shirts are “cool” for kids to wear today? Who designs the clothes you see for sale in stores? All of these questions concern the world of fashion.Fashion refers to the styles of dress that are currently popular. Fashion goes beyond just clothes, though. Its important for some people to wear only the latest fashions and styles. For others, though, keeping up with trends isnt that important. The one thing that stays the same with fashion is this: it always changes!In the 1960s and 1970s, hippies made bell-bottomed blue jeans popular. In the 1980s, Michael Jackson made parachute pants (降落伞裤) all the fashion. Now try to find these items in todays clothing stores!Why do fashions change? The answer is probably as simple as the fact that people change. Over time, the new replaces the old. People are influenced greatly by popular culture, including athletes, musicians, movie stars, as well as popular films, television shows, books and music. We are also influenced by the fashion industrys advertising.The stars of popular culture are always searching for a new angle to maintain (保持) their popularity. Often these new angles e in the form of new clothing or hairstyles. When people see these new styles, they often want to imitate their favorite stars. To do so, they seek out the latest fashions to make themselves look like the people they want to imitate. In this way, fashions evolve and change over time.For years, clothes have been used to separate people into groups. Even today, brand-name clothing that is more expensive than other types of clothing can be used by some people to distinguish themselves from others.Unfortunately, this can often have the effect of distancing certain groups from others. Dont forget that its always OK to develop your own sense of style that is unique and separate from what the fashion world determines! Stay true to yourself and let your personality not your clothes speak for who you are!24. The examples of bell-bottomed blue jeans and parachute pants in Paragraph 3 suggest that _. A. fashion always changes B. stars are always influentialC. people have different dressing styles D. hippies and Michael Jackson are good designers25. Fashions change mainly because _.A. advertisements change rapidly B. popular culture influences peopleC. movie stars are changing over time D. new films and shows replace the old26. In the last paragraph, the author mainly wants to stress _.A. the advantages of staying unique B. the bad effects of following fashionC. the good influences of popular styles D. the importance of having ones own personality27. We can learn from the text that _.A. fashion is all about clothes B. the author has gone out of fashionC. clothes may separate and distance people D. people like imitating others dressing styleCScientists have solved the mystery of why the overwhelming majority of mammoth fossils(化石)are male.Much like wild elephants today, young male Ice Age mammoths probably travelled around alone and more often got themselves into risky situations where they were swept into rivers, or fell through ice or into mud, lakes or sinkholes that preserved their bones for thousands of years, scientists say.Females, on the other hand, travelled in groups led by an older matriarch who knew the landscape and directed her group away from danger.Without the benefit of living in a herd led by an experienced female, male mammoths had a much higher risk of dying in natural traps such as mud holes, rock cracks and lakes, said co-author Love Dalen of the Swedish Museum of Natural History in a report published on Thursday in the journal Current Biology.The study used genetic data to determine the sex of 98 woolly mammoth fossils in Siberia Researchers found that 69% of the samples were male, a heavily unbalanced sex ratio, assuming that the sexes were fairly even at birth.We were very surprised because there was no reason to expect a sex bias in the fossil record, said first author Patricia Pecnerova, also of the Swedish Museum of Natural History. Therefore, researchers believe that something about the way they lived influenced the way they died.Most bones, tusks, and teeth from mammoths and other Ice Age animals havent survived, explained Dalen.It is highly likely that the remains that are found in Siberia these days have been preserved because they have been buried, and thus protected from weathering.These giant, tusked plant eaters disappeared about 4,000 years ago. While there is no scientific agreement about the causes of their disappearance from the planet, most believe that climate change, excessive hunting by humans and the spread of other animals into mammoth feeding grounds were influential factors.28. The underlined word matriarch in paragraph 3 means _.A. figure head B. female leader C experienced animal D. mature mammoth29. Why do the majority of mammoth fossils e from male animals?A. Scientists find it easier to study male fossilized bones.B. There were more male mammoths in parison to femalesC Male mammoths were better able to adapt to the changing circumstances.D. Male mammoths more frequently died in places where fossils could form.30. Which of the following is suggested as a reason for mammoths dying out?A. The increasing petition for food. B. The cooling of the earths temperature.C. The disappearance of male mammoths. D The risky behaviour of younger mammoths.31. What is the text type of the passage?A. A newspaper article. B. An academic essay.C. A historical description. D. A science fiction story.DIts no secret that American infrastructure is aging. Concrete(混凝土) structures, in particular, are in desperate need of repair.Cracks (缝隙) are very mon due to various chemical and physical phenomena that occur during everyday use, which can be quite harmful as they provide an easy route in for liquids and gasses and the harmful substances they might contain. But continuous repair work is difficult because it usually requires a huge amount of labor and investment. So since 2013, Ive been trying to figure out how these harmful cracks could heal themselves without human involvement. The idea was originally inspired by the amazing ability of the human body to heal itself of cuts, bruises and broken bones. In the same way, can we provide necessary products to concrete to fill in cracks when damage happens?My colleagues from Binghamton University and I have found an unusual candidate to help concrete heal itself: a fungus (真菌) called Trichoderma reesei. We initially screened about 20 different species of fungi in order to find one that could stand the difficult conditions in concrete. Of all the fungi we tested, only T. reesei could survive this environment. Despite the sudden PHincrease, its spores (孢子) developed into threadlike things and grew equally well with or without concrete.We propose including fungal spores, together with nutrients, during the initial mixing process when building a new concrete structure. When the unavoidable cracking occurs and water finds its way in, the sleeping fungal spores will start to grow. They then will work as an activator within the calcium-rich conditions of the concrete to promote precipitation (析出) of calcium carbonatecrystals. These mineral deposits can fill in the cracks. If cracks form again and environmental conditions bee favorable, the spores could wake up and repeat the process.Our research is still in the initial stage and theres a long way to go to make self-healing concrete practical and cost-effective. But the scope of American infrastructures challenges makes exploring creative solutions like this worthwhile.32.Why does the author mention the self-healing of human body?A.To show how amazing human body is. B.To prove everything will turn out to be fine.C.To provide a possibility of concrete healing itself.D.To stress that its unnecessary to have medicines.33.What do we know about T. reesei?A.It has been applied to building a new concrete. B.It can bear the tough conditions in concrete.C. Its spores will be useless after one repair. D.It poses potential risks to environment.34.What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refer to?A.The challenges of American infrastructure. B.The research on self-healing concrete.C.The process of cracking. D.The promotion of spores.35.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.The Danger of Cracks B.The Aging of American InfrastructureC.The Most Powerful Fungus D.Concrete Filling Its Own Cracks第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to overe challenges in your lifeWe all face tough and difficult challenges in life. To overe challenges you need to have that “never quit” attitude in life. If you develop it, youll overe quite a bit.Motivate yourself. Say “YES, I CAN.” The challenge should bring out the best of you in this situation. Slow it down, and think that process through. 36 If you develop that mindset (心态), youll get it done.37 Remain calm when youre facing serious troubles and problems in life. You have to recollect yourself, and calm down. You cant solve problems when youre panicking. Take a deep breath, relax, and slow it down. Think things through calmly.Let failure and fear fuel you in a positive way. Everyone fails at times. If you fail the first, second, or third time, dont give up. 38 Learn what made you fail at overing these challenges.Simplify the challenge youre facing. Make the challenge easier than it is. 39 As you get through each step, you develop more confidence and you believe you can get it done, and then you will.Stay positive and confident. 40 You have to find out all the ways you can use to overe it, and put them to full use with all your effort. Its our own mental stability thats the difficult part. When you do it mentally, youll actually be able to do it. A. Stay calm and cool headed.B. Think the best, not the worst.C. Start by breaking it down into steps.D. To overe a challenge, you have to believe you can really do it.E. Most people will avoid any challenge, because theyre scared of failing.F. Develop that confidence in saying theres no way youre going to fail at this.G. Pick yourself up, and learn from why youve failed, and move on in a positive direction.第二部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In my second year of high school, I met the anthropology (人类学) teacher, Mr. Croft. I didnt know anything about anthropology, so I never signed up for Mr. Crofts class. 41 , this didnt stop him from positively 42 my life. Mr. Croft was a 43 twenty-four hours a day after school, before school, and in and out of his 44 . Mr. Croft inspired and taught every student at East High, 45 me. He often 46 me to bee all I could possibly be.How could I possibly 47 Mr. Croft?After I graduated from high school, I had an opportunity to 48 football for thirteen-year-olds. To get a feel for the boys 49 , I had each of them run out for a 50 . I wanted to see who could run, catch and throw so I could 51 a team in my mind.Two days into practice, a tall kid appeared on the field. He got in 52 , and when he ran out for a pass, I threw the ball. It hit him square in the 53 . He picked up the 54 and ran it back to me. It came time for his second pass and I 55 him in the head again. With his nose bleeding and his lip swelling, he 56 the ball, raced it back to me, and got back in line. Later I got to know that he was the son of my anthropology teacher, Tommy Croft. I was 57 . He said, “Im here because I want to play football. And I promise 58 youll help me, I know I can do it!”“Get back in line,” I told him. Here, at last, was my 59 to be a Mr. Croft to a Croft. Here was my chance to give something back. For the first time in my life, I 60 the meaning of “an educational system”. What goes around really does e around!41. A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Therefore42. A. controlling B. influencingC. saving D. supporting43. A. teacher B. worker C. helper D. director44. A. office B. bedroom C. home D. classroom45. A. directly B. especially C. simply D. eventually46. A. encouraged B. askedC. persuaded D. reminded47. A. repay B. forget C. refuse D. respect48. A. play B. coach C. follow D. watch49. A. characters B. courageC. abilities D. success50. A. show B. test C. pass D. score51. A. join B. train C. manage D. organize52. A. way B. line C. team D. petition53. A. chest B. back C. arm D. head54. A. glove B. hat C. ball D. sweater55. A. kicked B. knocked C. beat D. hit56. A. threw away B. put aside C. picked up D. got back57. A. interested B. touched C. puzzled D. shocked58. A. when B. if C. because D. though59. A. aim B. dream C. part D. chance60. A. understood B. found C. conveyed D. interpreted第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。I started working as a volunteer for the City of Surrey this summer. I did this because Ive always enjoyed 61. _ (help) people in any way I can. I thought if I became a volunteer for the City of Surrey, I would be able to achieve that goal. And being a volunteer for the City ofSurrey62. _ (real) helped me branch out in many different directions. I volunteered over 256 hours of 63. _ (serve) during the summer helping with day camps, teen dances and so on.I worked hard and did my best to show everyone that this is 64. _ I love to do. I started by taking every course 65. _ (offer) through the volunteer program and then began to apply for paid positions. By the end of the summer I 66. _ (hire) as a dance instructor. Working for the City of Surrey has provided me with so many opportunities 67. _ would not have presented them-selves anywhere else. I got a well-paid job much 68. _ (earl