2019高考英语一轮基础梳理与练习-Unit-3-A-taste-of-English-humour(含解析)新人教版必修4.doc

Unit 3A taste of English humour李仕才【短文语法填空】As less people choose to make sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a 1 (distance) memory in some ways. However, a 38-year-old craftsman, Li Jiangzhong, is committed to 2 (keep) the art of sugar painting alive.Li worked as a miner for more than ten years. After 3 mine closed down, Li turned 4 housing decoration, until he 5 (force) to give that up due to a finger injury. Earlier this year, he discovered sugar painting, something he really had an interest in.Since there was no sugar painting craftsman in his village, he studied by 6 (he) through large quantities of videos and information on the Internet. Li loved painting when he was young, and he found it easy to learn the skill in sugar painting. He soon mastered the skill and could make a 7 (vary) of sugar paintings. A sugar painting is made with 8 (melt) brown or white sugar. Craftsman 9 (normal) paint animals and flowers on a stone board with the syrup(糖浆). When the sugar cools down, 10 appears is a piece of sugar art.【文章大意】本文是记叙文，讲述38岁的李健忠回到老家继承中国传统文化，学习制作糖画的故事，文章还说明了糖画的制作。1.distant【解析】考查词性转换。空格处修饰名词memory，形容词修饰名词作定语，故填distant。2.keeping3.the【解析】考査冠词。上文提到他做过十多年矿工，故此处表示他所在的矿井关闭以后，为特指，故填the。4.to【解析】考查介词。句意：他转而去做房屋装修的工作了。 turn to“转而做，转向”是固定词组。故填 to。5.was forced【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：直到他因为手指受伤而被迫放弃。此处讲述过去的事情，故用一般过去时，句子的主语和force之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语和是第三人称单数。故填was forced。6.himself【解析】考查代词。句意：由于他的村子里没有糖画手艺人，因此他自学制作糖画。by oneself固定用法，表示“独自地，全靠自己地”，故填himself。7.variety【解析】考查词性转换。句意：他很快掌握了这项技术并能制作出各种各样的糖画。a variety of“各种各样”是固定短语，故填variety。8.melted 9.normally【解析】考查词性转换。句意：手艺人们通常用糖浆在石板上画动物和花。修饰谓语动词用副词作状语，故填normally。10.what【解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“所的东西”，what引导主语从句，作主语、宾语或者表语。故填what。一高考单词识记思考运用1核心词汇overcome vt.&vi.战胜；克服content adj.满足的；满意的n.满足；内容vt.使满足slide vt.&vi.(使)滑动；(使)滑行n.滑；滑动；幻灯片whisper n. 耳语；低语vt.&vi.低语；小声说entertain vt.&vi.使欢乐；款待 entertainment n娱乐；款待convince vt.使信服 convincing adj.令人信服的 convinced adj. 相信的direct vt.&vi.导演；指示；指挥；adj.直的；直接的；真率的director n导演react vi.作出反应；回应 reaction n回应amuse vt.使发笑；使愉快 amusing adj.好笑的；有趣的 amused adj.感觉好笑的 amusement n娱乐；乐趣2常考词汇chew vt.&vi. 嚼碎；咀嚼食物outstanding adj. 突出的；杰出的；显著的throughout prep. 遍及；贯穿adv. 到处；始终；全部occasion n. 时刻；场合gesture n. 手势；姿态vi. 做手势astonish vt. 使惊诧astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的astonished adj. 吃惊的fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉利的unfortunately adv. 不幸地particular adj. 特殊的；特别的n. 细节；细目particularly adv. 特殊地；特别地explanation n. 解释；讲解；说明explain vt. 解释failure n. 失败者；fail v. 失败用所给单词的适当形式填空1Unfortunately (fortunate), that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.(2017北京卷)2There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content (content) and less salt.(2017全国卷)3But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions (react) slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills.(2017全国卷)4Were it not for the support of the teachers，the student could_not_overcome (overcome) her difficulty.(2017江苏卷)5A quick review of successes and failures (fail) at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.(2017江苏卷)6What brought about this astonishing (astonish) change in me？(2016浙江卷)7Failure (fail) is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.(2016天津卷)8Vaillants words serve as an explanation (explain) why some boys grew into happy men.(2016天津卷)9During my first quarter，I spoke directly (direct) to the Chancellor，asking him for support.(2016浙江卷)10This function of the Internet is particularly (particular) striking when Im writing.(2016江苏卷)“满足，满意”家族content adj.满足的；满意的n.满足vt.使满足satisfy vt.使满意，满足；satisfaction n满意；满足please v(使)高兴，(使)满意；pleased adj.高兴的，满意的happy adj.感到满意的meet vt.满足后缀-tion构成的抽象名词explanation 解释，说明admiration 钦佩，赞美conservation 保存，保护creation 创造description 描写，描述education 教育expectation 预期，期待exploration 探索examination 检查，细查，考试graduation 毕业词形相近词对比记忆content n内容；context n上下文march n前进；match n比赛affect v影响；effect n影响，效果sweat n汗水；sweet adj.甜的monkey n猴子；donkey n驴expand v扩张；expend v花费steal v偷；steel n钢adapt v适应；adopt v收养【完形填空】Something quite tragic(悲剧的)happened in our home.It had a _1_ effect on our lives.It _2_ the way we relax and even where we sit.There was no fire or flood.we _3_ our WiFi service，for over a week.I was raised in the preWiFi era，so I was relatively _4_ to the situation.My children，_5_，did not have this training.When given the news that there was no WiFi in the house，their first _6_ was：“But，what will we do？”Fortunately，the TV still worked，although the children were _7_ to find that it had only 70 channels.For the children，a(n) _8_ challenge was homework，most of which is now given online.The lack of broadband seemed to provide a new _9_ of “the dog ate my homework”excuse.My daughter _10_ that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily _11_ due to a leak，but she thought that our lack of WiFi was _12_.“Because you can go to the shop and buy water，right？”My husband and I need the Internet to _13_ us to work at home.Luckily，Ive found out that these days you can go to the shop to _14_ WiFi.Although expensive，it allows you to set up your own WiFi network _15_.Buying 1 GB of data makes you view your broadband differently.I dont want to _16_ it like leaving a tap running.We log on to the WiFi network and do what we have to do as _17_ as possible and log off.The changes that _18_ has created in our daily life have occurred without us really _19_.The _20_ part of our time without WiFi was seeing the children make forts(堡垒)out of the sofa cushions，which they havent done in years.1A.possible BmodestCpositive Dhuge2A.explored BchallengedCimproved Dguaranteed3A.received BbookedClost Dbought4A.addicted BaccustomedCadmitted Dattached5A.however BthereforeCotherwise Dbesides6A.impression BinspirationCresponse Drequest7A.excited BgratefulCembarrassed Ddesperate8A.avoidable BmajorCenjoyable Dsimple9A.version BtranslationCdimension Dcollection10A.repeated BpromisedCobserved Dignored11A.fixed up Bcut offCused up Dlaid in12A.worse BbetterCclearer Dmore13A.force BencourageCremind Denable14A.look into Bsearch forCpurchase Dborrow15A.easily BsecurelyCfirmly Dconstantly16A.share BanalyzeCstore Dwaste17A.steadily BquicklyCproperly Dsmoothly18A.technology BinformationCknowledge Dintelligence19A.reflecting BhearingCappreciating Dnoticing20A.rigid BtoughCbright Dnecessary【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了WiFi对“我”家生活的影响。【核心词汇】have an effect on对有影响temporarily adv.暂时地log on登录occur v发生1D根据上下文可知，家里没有WiFi对我们生活的影响是巨大的(huge)。possible“可能的”；modest“谦虚的”；positive“积极的”。2B根据前一句“It had a _1_ effect on our lives”和下文的“But，what will we do”可知，平时家里离不开WiFi，现在没有了，当然对我们平时的生活方式产生挑战。explore“探索”；improve“提升”；guarantee“保证”。3C根据下文的“When given the news that there was no WiFi in the house”可知，我们家里失去(lost) WiFi一个多星期；receive“收到”；book“订购”；buy“购买”。4B根据第二段第一句“I was raised in the preWiFi era”可知，“我”是在没有WiFi的时代长大的，因此对于没有了WiFi也是比较习惯的(accustomed)，be accustomed to表示“习惯于”。5A根据上下文可推知，“我”习惯无WiFi的生活，但是孩子们不习惯。上下文是转折关系，因此选however。6C根据空后的“But, what will we do”可知空处指的是他们的第一反应(response)。7D根据上下文可知，没有WiFi只有电视，且电视频道只有70多个，孩子们很绝望。excited“兴奋的”；grateful“感激的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”；desperate“绝望的”。8B根据本句的定语从句“most of which is now given online”可知，家庭作业应是孩子们的主要(major)挑战。avoidable“可避免的”；enjoyable“令人愉快的”；simple“简单的”。9A空后的“the dog ate my homework”表示“狗吃了我的作业”，此处表示没有网络是这种借口的一个新提法，故选A。10C根据空后的宾语从句“that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily_11_ due to a leak”可知，这些内容应该是女儿讲出来(observed)的。 repeat“重复”；promise“承诺”；ignore“忽略”；observe“观察，说，评论”。11B根据该空后的“due to a leak”可推知，水管漏水了，供水会被暂时中断(cut off)。12A根据上下文可知，女儿认为我们没有WiFi更糟糕(worse)。13D根据上下文可知，为了能够在家工作，丈夫和“我”需要互联网。enable sb.to do sth.表示“使某人能做某事”。14C根据下文的“Although expensive”可知，“我”去商店买(purchase)WiFi。 look into“调查”；search for“寻找”；borrow“借”。15A根据语境可知，买了WiFi，“我”建立自己的网络就容易了。16D根据本句中的“like leaving a tap running(像让水管的水不停地流着一样)”可知，我们知道让水管的水不停地流着意味着“浪费”，故选D。17B根据上下文可知，当“我”上网做事时，“我”是尽快地做，as quickly as possible表示“尽快地”。18A根据语境可知，技术已经引起了我们日常生活的改变，这些改变在我们没有注意(noticing)的情况下发生了。19D参见上题解析。reflect“反思”；hear“听到”；appreciate“欣赏”。20C根据该空后的“without WiFi was seeing the children make forts(堡垒)out of the sofa cushions，which they havent done in years”可知，没有了WiFi，孩子们可以在一起玩，这是愉快的(bright)事情。二重点短语识记思考运用1动词介词/副词star in 在担任主角；主演cut off 切断；断绝pick out 挑出；辨别出pick up 偶然获得；收听；好转react to 对作出反应；回应2其他形式feel/be content with 对满足up to now直到现在badly off 穷的；缺少的in particular 尤其；特别convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1Dont forget to stop by Pacific Science Centers Store while you are here to pick_up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit.(2017全国卷)2When their children lived far away from them，these old people felt cut_off from the world.(2016浙江卷)3Everybody thought this young actor would have a bright future after he starred_in two films.4The news said that the schools in that southwestern area is badly_off for teaching equipment，and even teachers.“be.with”短语集锦be content/satisfied/pleased with 对满足be angry with 生某人的气be busy with 忙于be strict with 对某人要求严格be familiar with 熟悉be burdened with 负担be filled with 充满be lined with 排列着be covered with 被覆盖三佳句选粹在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背原句学句型练仿写1.As Victor Hugo once said，“Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”.维克多雨果曾经说过：“笑容如阳光，能驱走人们脸上的冬天。”as 引导定语从句，代替后面句子的内容。正如我们多次强调的那样，“为人民服务”是我们的第一宗旨。As_we_have_stressed many times，“serve the people”is our first policy.2.Unfortunately his father died，leaving the family even worse off.不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难现在分词短语作结果状语。大自然为我们的祖国提供了丰富的自然宝藏，使之成为我们幸福的家园。Nature has provided our country with wealthy natural treasures，making_it_a_happy_home for us.3.Then he picks out the lace of the shoe and eats it as if it were spaghetti.然后他挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。as if 引导方式状语从句，当表示与事实不相符的情况时，通常用虚拟语气。有些人一失去工作或失恋，就觉得好像到了世界末日似的。Some people，on losing a job or a special relationship，may feel as_if_it_were_the_end_of_the_world.【短文改错】There are many people think that wealth is better than health.I used to think so until one day I had read a story about Howard Joyce.He was an European billionaire who got everything he wanted.Therefore，in the last twenty years of his life，his health began to get worse and he led a miserably life.Although the best doctors called for him，he could still find no relief.I have realized that health is worth all the money in the world.If you have million of dollars but you are at poor health，you will not be able to do what you want to do.So I would like to advise you not to hurt yourself to trying to make money.Instead，take care of your body and be happy with which you do.Health is more important.【答案】There are many people / that wealth is better than health.I used to think so until one day I read a story about Howard Joyce.He was European billionaire who got eve