2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期中试题(含解析) (I).doc

2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期中试题(含解析) (I)第I卷 选择题（共70分）I. 阅读理解（共15小题每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑People have strange ideas about food. For example, tomato is a kind of very delicious vegetable. It is one of useful plants that can be prepared in many ways. It has rich nutrition(营养) and vitamin in it. But in the 18th century, Americans never ate tomatoes. They grew them in their gardens because tomato plants are so pretty. But they thought the vegetable was poisonous(有毒的). They called tomatoes “poison apples”.President Thomas Jefferson, however, know that tomatoes were good to eat. He was a learned man. He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes. He grew many kinds of tomatoes in his garden. The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup. This beautiful pink soup was served at the President party. The guests thought the soup tasted really good. They never thought their president would serve his honoured guests poison apples. Jefferson never spoke to his honoured guests about the fact.1. After you read the passage, which of the following do you think is true?A. Americans never ate tomatoes after they began to plant them.B. Americans didnt eat tomatoes before 19th century.C. Even now Americans dont eat tomatoes.D. In the 18th century Americans ate a lot of tomatoes.2. Jefferson learned that tomatoes were good to eat _.A. while he was in Paris B. when he was a little boyC. because his parents told him so D. from books3. From the passage we know all the honoured guests invited by Jefferson were _.A. people from other countries B. from FranceC. people of his own country D. men only4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. None of the guests knew the soup that was served at the President party was made of tomatoes.B. All of the guests thought the soup which was prepared by the Presidents cook was nice.C. President Thomas Jefferson knew that tomatoes were good to eat and not poisonous at all.D. All of the guests didnt know that their president would serve his honoured guests poison apples.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D【解析】本文属于记叙文，讲述美国人在18世纪认为番茄有毒，只当作观赏性植物来养，直到杰弗逊去巴黎尝到番茄的美味之后，开始食用番茄。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段But in the 18th century, Americans never ate tomatoes.以及第二段President Thomas Jefferson, however, know that tomatoes were good to eat.可知，美国人在19世纪之前不食用番茄，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes.可知，在巴黎，杰弗逊开始尝到了番茄的味道，故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段They never thought their president would serve his honoured guests poison apples. Jefferson never spoke to his honoured guests about the fact.可知，这些客人不知道食物是番茄做的，结合前文，美国人当时不吃番茄，故可知客人都是美国人，故选C。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段They never thought their president would serve his honoured guests poison apples. Jefferson never spoke to his honoured guests about the fact.可知，客人们都不知道，而D选项为部分否定，并不是所有的人都知道，与文章意思不符，故选D。BGood health is the most valuable thing a person can have, but one cannot take good health for granted. It is important to remember that the body needs proper care in order to be healthy. There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food, get enough sleep, and exercise regularly.Proper nutrition (营养) is important for good health. Your body cannot work well unless it receives the proper kind of “fuel”(燃料). Dont eat too much food with lots of sugar and fat. Eat plenty of foods high in protein (蛋白质), like meat, fish, eggs and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are very important because they provide necessary vitamins (维他命) and minerals. However, dont overeat. It is not helpful to be overweight.Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you dont get enough sleep, you feel tired and easily get angry. You have no energy. Over a long period of time a little amount of sleep may even result in a change of personality (人的个性). Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night. If you do, your body will feel strong and refreshed, and your mind will be sharp.Finally, get plenty of exercise. Exercise firms the body, strengthens the muscles, and prevents you from gaining weight. It also improves your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise program, you will probably increase your life-span (寿命). Any kind of exercise is good. Most sports are excellent for keeping the body in good shape: basketball, swimming, bicycling, running and so on are good examples. Sports are not only good for your body, but they are enjoyable and interesting, too.If everybody were to eat the right foods, get plenty of sleep and exercise regularly, the world would be a happier and healthier place. We would all live to be much older and wiser.5. According to the passage, _.A. we should always keep fitB. if we were healthy, we could spend our days in doing things with less sleepC. one can eat a lot to stay in good shapeD. one neednt take any exercise if he is healthy6. In order to keep good health, _.A. we should eat a lot of sweetsB. one needs a large amount of fatC. people should eat according to the foods nutritionD. we must try to sleep now and then7. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Eating too much sugar and fat is not good for our health.B. We have no energy if we dont have enough sleep.C. If we sleep five hours each night, we will feel strong.D. Exercise is good for our body.8. The title of the article should be _.A. Eating and Exercising B. How Vitamins Work in Mans BodyC. Staying Healthy D. Sleeping Well【答案】5. A 6. C 7. C 8. C【解析】本文属于说明文，健康很重要，为了保持健康，我们应该注意自己的饮食、睡眠时间以及适当的运动。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Good health is the most valuable thing a person can have,可知，健康是一个最宝贵的东西，因而我们应该时刻保持健康，故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Your body cannot work well unless it receives the proper kind of “fuel”(燃料).可知，只有吃的东西恰当，才能保持健康，故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night.可知，恰当的睡眠时间是7至9小时，睡眠不足，人会感到疲倦，故选C。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food, get enough sleep, and exercise regularly.可知，本文主要从饮食、睡眠以及运动方面介绍保持健康的方法，故选C。CEnrich your knowledge about Mexico with eBooks.We offer a range of selected titles, many of which cannot be found elsehere.With eBooks, you can download immediately and read today.Book Name：Mexico Road LogsNumber of Pages：64Publication Date：1st March xxPrice：US$12.99Description：The Mexico Road Logs will make your highway journeys across Mexico much better, easier and safer.The Mexico Road Logs is better than a GPS. It is more like a knowledgeable friend sitting in the passenger seat showing you where to turn, warning you about the next speed bump, gas station, or military cheek point.Book Name：English Speakers Guide to Living in MexicoNumber of Pages：149Publication Date：22nd April xxPrice：US $19.95Description：If youre planning to move to Mexico, making plans for your future life there, this book will help you .It contains a wealth of valuable and uptodate information that will help you to understand the Mexican health and medical care systems and make informed choices about healthcare provision in Mexico.Book Name：Sleeping With Pancho VillaNumber of Pages：213Publication Date：1st June xxPrice：US $9.95Description：The story happens in a small Mexican town.Jake, an American drifter (流浪汉) in an unnamed Mexican town，bees a suspect in the murder of a local painter, Pancho.The search for the true criminal reveals the countrys disordered politics and its economic tensions.Book Name：xx Guide to the Cost of Living in MexicoNumber of Pages：71Publication Date：1st February xxPrice：US $19.95Description：Dont just guess at what living in Mexico might cost you. Everybodys situation is unique and so too are the costs. It enables you to create an estimate of your living costs in this country, based on your individual situation and lifestyle.9. Which category (类别) does the book，English Speakers Guide to Living in Mexico belong to?A. Road logs.B. Fiction.C. Health and medical care.D. Work and retirement.10. Which of the following is TRUE about Sleeping With Pancho Villa?A. It is an interesting story that happens in Mexico.B. It tells the story of a Mexican painter, Jake.C. It is mainly about Mexican politics and economics.D. It reveals the political and economic situation of Mexico through a story.11. What does the underlined word，“It” in the last part，probably refer to?A. Mexican.B. The book.C. Your lifestyle.D. Your education level.【答案】9. C 10. D 11. B【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文，介绍四本关于墨西哥介绍的书籍的简介。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段The Mexico Road Logs is better than a GPS. It is more like a knowledgeable friend sitting in the passenger seat showing you where to turn, warning you about the next speed bump, gas station, or military cheek point.可知，这本书为游客提供路途上相关的交通信息，故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段The search for the true criminal reveals the countrys disordered politics and its economic tensions.可知，本书揭露了墨西哥的政治和经济情况，故选D。【11题详解】词义猜测题。根据书名xx Guide to the Cost of Living in Mexico可知，本书关于墨西哥的消费水平的介绍，因而通过这本书，可以对墨西哥的消费情况有个粗略的了解，故it指代这本书，故选B。【点睛】关于广告等应用文阅读的解题技巧。应用文阅读主要设计广告、宣传海报或者电影书籍的简介等载体，具体以考查细节理解题为主，其文章结构清晰，不必详读全文。因此，只需要弄清楚文章结构，然后根据题干的关键信息迅速定位在文章中依据，仔细阅读文章中的相关句子，弄清其意思和逻辑关系，那么答案也就很明显了。DLooking for Canadian culture? Just put your eyes on the ice rink. “We love hockey,” says Marion Alexander, a Canadian English teacher in Beijing. “It really is Canadas sport.”There is no other sport so close to the hearts of Canadians and no other sport in which Canadians have been so successful. But how much do you know about hockey?Hockey is played on a court of ice called a rink. Each team has six players: a goalie (goal keeper), a centre, two defensemen, and two forwards. All of them wear ice skates.Instead of a ball, hockey uses a puck, which is a small black object that looks like a small, flat round cake made of rubber. Each team tries their best to hit the puck with their hockey sticks into the other teams goal. The team which scores the most goals at the end of three periods is the winner.“Hockey has a lot of rules,” says Alexander, “but once you are used to it, it seems very natural.”In Canada, hockey is part of the national identity. Many Canadians play youth hockey when they are growing up, and many Canadian families make a tradition of watching the games.“I played goalie when I was younger,” remembers Alexander. “My family would always watch the Calgary Flames (a team in the National Hockey League) play on TV.”Hockey doesnt just unite families. It also brings the whole country together, especially during the Olympics. “Canada is a diverse country that doesnt have a strong unified culture like China. That is why hockey is so important. Supporting the national team brings all of Canada together,” says Alexander.12. The passage is mainly about _.A. the origin and development of hockey B. Canadians diverse sports cultureC. Marion Alexanders view of hockey D. the role of hockey in Canadian culture13. Hockey is important to Canadians for all of the following reasons except _.A. it is Canadians favourite sport B. it is an event at the OlympicsC. it is part of the national identity D. it helps unite the whole country14. What does the underlined sentence imply?A. Canada is more diverse than China.B. Canadians are not as united as the Chinese.C. There are not many things that bring all Canadian people together.D. There are not so many sports in Canada as in China.15. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Hockey Brings Canadians Together B. How to Play HockeyC. The National Identity for Canadians D. Finding Canadian Culture【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A【解析】【分析】本文属于记叙文，讲述加拿大最具代表性的运动曲棍球，它将全加拿大的人们团结起来。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段Hockey doesnt just unite families. It also brings the whole country together, especially during the Olympics.可知，曲棍球对于加拿大来说，不仅仅是一项运动，还是一个可以团结加拿大人的东西，故讲曲棍球的作用，故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段There is no other sport so close to the hearts of Canadians and no other sport in which Canadians have been so successful.以及第六段In Canada, hockey is part of the national identity.以及第八段It also brings the whole country together, especially during the Olympics.可知，曲棍球是加拿大人喜爱的运动，是国家的一部分，团结全加拿大人，喜欢曲棍球不是因为是奥运会的一个项目，故选B。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线句子可知，加拿大是一个多元文化的国家，没有太多东西能够把国家团结在一起，而曲棍球就是其中一项，故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段Hockey doesnt just unite families. It also brings the whole country together, especially during the Olympics.可知，曲棍球对于加拿大来说，不仅仅是一项运动，还是一个可以团结加拿大人的东西，故讲曲棍球的作用，故选A。【点睛】关于主旨大意题的解题技巧。主旨大意题是阅读理解中常见的题型之一，主要考查对文章的大概意思的理解，其主要的形式有两种问法，关于最佳标题和文章主要关于什么内容的。而英语文章，通常文章的开端或者结尾是主旨句的地方，因此找到主旨句，也就找到了这类题的答案依据，比如小题1和小题4都是利用主旨句来确定答案的。II.阅读七选五（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What is the difference between happy people and unhappy people? _16_ Read the following list of things that HAPPY people do differently from UNHAPPY people and you will know.Well, I can tell you surely that those people who are really happy, fear less and love a lot more. They see each moment, each challenge（挑战）, each person as an opportunity（机会） to discover more about themselves and the world around them. _17_Happy people understand that you cant really change a situation(境况) by resisting（反抗）it. But they can feel better by understanding that there might be a reason._18_But , they ask themselves questions like: What can I learn from this? How can I make this better? They always seem to be pleasant and hopeful no matter .They do the things they do because of the meaning it brings into their lives and because they get a sense of purpose by doing so._19_they care more about living a life full of meaning rather than, what in our modern society we would call, living a successful life. The fact here is that most of the time they get both, success and meaning, just because they choose to focus on doing the things they love the most._20_ they make sure that their actions bring meaning and happiness in the lives of many. They look for ways to give and to share the best of themselves with the world and to make other people happy.A. They have an ideal（理想的） living and a balanced life.B. What are these two kinds of people do differently?C. They are kind to themselves and others and they understand the power of love.D. The things happy people do are not for themselves, but for the good of others.E. They are ready to embrace （拥抱）everything in front of them.F. They understand that “Doing what you love is the most important for living a full life”.G. When something unpleasant happens to them, they dont try to fight it, bacause this will make the situation even worse.【答案】16. B 17. E 18. G 19. F 20. D【解析】本文讲述了快乐的人和不快乐的人之间的区别是什么，快乐的人和不快乐的人做事有哪些不同。【16题详解】B 由前一句的疑问及后面的you will know可知，此处应该是接着的另一个问题。【17题详解】C 前一句说快乐的人把每个时刻、每个挑战和每个人都看作发现自己和周围世界的机会，所以下一句应该说“因此他们准备接受任何在他们前面的事物”。【18题详解】G 前面说到快乐的人知道外在环境不一定会因为反抗就发生改变，因此当不愉快的事情发生时，他们不是反抗，（因为他们）知道这会让形势更糟糕。【19题详解】F 根据这一段后面的内容说快乐的人更在乎过充实的生活而不是我们所谓的成功，所以F项“他们理解“做自己喜欢的事才是过充实生活最重要的”概括这一段。另外根据空格后一句中living a life full of meaning和F项中“living a full life”属于词汇复现，也可以推断选F项。【20题详解】D 根据这一段都是讲快乐的人确保自己的行动给他人带来快乐，故D项“快乐的人做事不为自己，而是为他人的幸福”概括全段。考点：考查说明文阅读III. 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Everyone needs water and a diet of healthy foods. These foods should _21_ some fat, some fiber, a little salt and so on.People need energy to live. They eat all kinds of foods _22_ change into energy. Our bodies use different _23_ of energy. The energy is measured in calories(卡路里). The more_24_ we take, the more calories we burn. Even when you are _25_, you are using energy about 65 calories an hour. While you are at school, or walking home, your body is _26_ up 100 calories an hour. When playing football or basketball, you might be using 400 calories an hour. On Sports Day, during the relay race, you will use most of all, perhaps as _27_ as 650 calories an hour.The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables. It is _28_ in fiber and low in sugar and fat. The Chinese eat less sugar than many other countries in the world. That is _29_ lots of people in China have white teeth.People in the Western world do not eat such healthy foods. They eat too much fat and sugar and dont take _30_ exercise. Because of this, they _31_ very easily. In order to_32_ with the quick pace(步伐) of their life and work, they eat a lot of fast food. They eat a lot of sweets, soft drinks, potato crisps, chocolate, butter and ice cream and so on, which are called_33_ food by some epicureans(美食家). The result is that many of them bee fat. In order to avoid _34_ fat and _35_ it is advisable(明智的) to eat a balanced diet and not eat too many foods that have a high calorie rating.21. A. include B. hold C. contain D. make up22. A. which B. what C. where D. it23. A. numbers B. amounts C. plenty D. deal24. A. exercise B. exercises C. sport D. game25. A. sleepy B. running C. working D. asleep26. A. running B. adding C. burning D. wasting27. A. much B. many C. few D. little28. A. poor B. low C. rich D. plenty29. A. why B. because C. because of D. since30. A. a number of B. too much C. masses of D. enough31. A. lose weight B. put on weight C. die D. stay healthy32. A. keep up B. carry on C. keep on D.