动名词训练题.doc

动名词讲解与练习题1）作主语 动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。例如：Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 Exercisrs: 1 _may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。2_ to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16个小时。动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用It is 例如：Its nice _with you. 和你谈话很高兴。 Its no use_ with him. 跟他争论没用。2）作定语 动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍，一般只限于单个的动名词作定语，表示“用于的”或表示“处于某件事情中的”含义。例如swimming pool 游泳池 Exercisrs 1_room 候车室2_water 自来水 3）作表语 动名词作表语的时候，特别要注意：不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。例如： Their task is exploring oil mines in the west. （动名词） 他们的任务是在西部探查油矿。动名词作表语，容易与现在分词作表语相混淆。记住：动名词做表语时，其主语常是物，而现在分词构成的进行时态的主语为人。例如1 My job is _ (teach). 2 Im _(teach) English.4）作宾语. 如：I enjoy swimming. appreciate，consider，enjoy， finish，give up，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practise，put off，risk， cant help（情不自禁），cant stand（无法忍受）等动词成词组后可以用动名词作宾语。Exercises:1).Would you mind _ quiet for a moment? Im trying _ a form.A. keeping；filling out B. to keep；to fill out C. keeping；to fill out D. to keep；filling out2) We should practice _(speak)English every day.3)The baby couldt help _(laugh) when she saw her mother.4) Can you imagine _(live ) ong the island alone?forget，go on，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。. Exercises:1)- Where is my passport? I remember _ it here. - You shouldnt have left it here. Remember _ it with you all the time.A. to put；to takeB. putting；taking C. putting；to take D. to put；taking2).After finishing his homework he went on _ a letter to his parents. A. writeB. writingC. wroteD. to write在allow，advise，permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如We dont allow smoking here. /We dont allow students to smoke. Exercises:1） Our teacher advised_(have) a rest at once.But Li Ming advised us _(keep) learning for one more minute.2） He didnt permit the boy _ (come) into the concert hall.动词need，require，want作“需要”解，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语表示事情需要做，这时，动名词的主动式表示被动意义。be worth后必须用动名词的主动形式来表示被动意义。如：The window needs/requires/wants cleaning/to be cleaned. Her method is worth trying. Exercises:1).His room needs _, so he must have it _.A. painting；paintedB. painted；painting C. painting；painting D. painted；painted2).The young trees we planted last week require _ with great care.A. looking after B. to look after C. to be looked after D. taken good care of3).If he succeeded _ a job, his children wouldnt be suffering from hunger now.A. to find B. to look for C. in findingD. in looking for在短语devote to，look forward to，be used to，keep .from.doing, thank you for，excuse me for，be(kept) busy，have difficulty/trouble/problem(in)， insist on, look forward to ,Its no use等后的动词也必须用动名词形式.例如： I look forward to hearing from you soon. . Exercises:1).She decided to devote herself _ the problem of old age. A. to study B. studying C. to studying D. study2).As she is looking forward to _ from me, please remember _ this letter on your way to school.A. hear；pos B. hearing；to post C. be heard；posting D. be hearing；to posting3) .Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble _ your handwriting. A. to read B. to see C. reading C. in seeing4).He was afraid _the snake. A. of seein B. of being seen C. to be seenD. to have seen在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后用动名词或不定式无多大区别。有时用动名词作宾语时，指一般情况，而跟不定式作宾语时指某一具体行为。start，begin，continue在书面语中多后接动名词，在口语中多后接不定式。5）动名词作状语 动名词作状语表示在进行一动作的同时所进行的另一动作，它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。例如Coming into the room, she saw everybody already at their work. 进屋以后，她看到人人都在工作。 Exercises:1) Mary sat by the window of the classroom,_(read) a book. (伴随) 玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁，正在读一本书。2). _ his mother, the baby could not help _.A. To see；to laugh B. Seeing；to laugh C. Seeing；laughing D. To see；laughing6）做宾补 一般情况下动名词做一些感官动词的宾补。 watch/See/find/notice/hear/feel sb. doing sth例如： I heard Tom singing in the next door at that moment. Exercises:Mary saw her sister _ in the reading room when she got home.A is reading B was read C reading D readExercises: 填入动名词的适当形式1. Can you imagine yourself _ in a lonely island? (stay) 2. I cant understand your _ at that poor child. (laugh)3. She didnt mind _ overtime. (work) 4 . We are looking forward to Marys _. (come)5. To make a living, he tried _, _, and various other things, but he had failed in all. (write; paint)6. She was praised for _ the life of the child. (save) 7. She ought to be praised instead of _. (criticize).8. Is there any possibility of our _ the championship? (win) 9. He came to the party without _. (invite)初中英语动词不定式讲解试题 一、作主语，可以用it代替，it叫形式主语，动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语 Exercises: 1To learn a foreign language is not easy. = It is not easy_ a foreign language. 2. Its dangerous_(drive) very fast. 3 Its a good habit _ a walk after dinner. A. to come B. to be C. to take D. to go 二、作表语 My idea is to ring him up at once. 我的想法是马上给他打电话。Exercises: _is_ 眼见为实三、作宾语 1后面跟不定式做宾语的动词有：agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(决定), need(需要), mean(打算), wish(希望), fail(失败), want(想要), begin(开始), would like(想要)等。 He has decided to go to the countryside. 他已决心去乡下。 Exercises: . 1 -Have you made up your mind _the sick kids? -By singing songs. A. what to tell B. how to cheer up C. when to help D. where to look after.2 Please dont forget _ the room while I am away in Beijing. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaned D. cleaning3. People need _ (wear) cool clothes in summer.4 “What are you going to do this weekend?” “Id like _ my parents.” A. to visit B. visit C. visiting 5. When I came into the room, he pretended _ his homework. A. to do B. be doing C. doing 2、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构可以作动词know、think、find out等的宾语。 I dont know who to ask. 我真不知道该问谁。 Exercises: . Mum knows_make a banana milk shake. A. how B. what to C. how to 3 “疑问词 + 动词不定式”可以作动词show、teach、ask等后面的宾补。 She told me where to find the earphone. 她告诉我什么地方可以找到耳机。Exercises: 4、如果宾语太长，可用it作形式宾语，构成“主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾语不足语(名词或形容词) + to do sth”结构，谓语动词常为find、think、feel等。 I found it difficult to stop him. 我发现拦截他很困难。 Exercises: Dont you think _ important to protect our earth? A. that B. how C. it D. this5、动词不定式可以作介词的宾语。 Im worrying about what to do next. 我正愁下一步该怎么办。 Exercises:No one tells me about how _(solve) the problem.四、作定语 动词不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。I have a lot of books to read. 我有许多书要读。 此时，如果动词不定式动词为不及物动词，后面的介词绝对不能省略。 We had only a cold room to live in. 我们只有寒室一间。 Exercises: 1. Some children are arguing about what TV programmes _. A. watching B. for watching C. to watch D. will watch 2. Mum, can I have something _? Oh, dear. You can only drink some water. There is _ in the kitchen. A. to drink; nothing else B. drinking; something else C. to eat; something else D. eating; nothing else3 He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个到，最后一个走。 4 We have no time to go to town today. 今天我们没有时间去城里。 5. More and more young people are trying to do something _ the old. A. served B. to serve C. serve D. serves五、作状语 动词不定式常表示目的、原因、方向、结果等。 Eg.Im glad to meet you. 见到你，我很高兴。 Exercises: 1 We must do everything we can _waste water from running into rivers. A. keep B. kept C. to keep D. keeping2 They ran over _the foreign guests. 他们跑过来欢迎外宾。 3. _ more information about the trip, you can go to www. J. A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found4. -_ more about tomorrows weather, call 121. -OK, I will. Thank you. A. Know B. Knowing C. To know六、作宾语补足语 跟动词不定式做宾补的动词有: ask, beg, use , order, teach, tell, wish, find, know, want, think,coach,invite , would like等形式为: ask sb to do sth Would you like me to visit him? 要不要我拜访他? Exercises: He asks the driver to stop the motobike. 他要那位司机拦下那辆摩托车1 Hell use what he has _ her a new dress. A. bought B. to buy C. buying D. been bought2. Lets _ play in the street. Father tells me _ do so. A. not to；not to B. not；not to C. dont；to not D. not to；dont.3 The teacher asked Ben _ a difficult question in class. A. answer B. answering C. to answer D. answere七 动词不定时的特殊形式1不定式复合结构Its + 形容词 + for / of + sb + to do sth. 当上面的形容词指的是to do sth的性质时，用介词for。 Its dangerous for children to swim in the river. 孩子在这条河里游泳很危险。（游泳这件事情危险） 当上面的形容词指的是sb的性质时，用介词of。这些形容词往往修饰人：good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, nice, clever, right, wrong, careful, careless It was careless of you to do that. 你这么做真粗心。（你这个人粗心） These books are difficult for you to read.=Its difficult for you to read these books. Exercises: 2、动词hear, see, feel, watch, notice, look at, listen to等后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不能带to, 即常见的形式为: hear sb do sth等 Many people like to watch others play games. 许多人喜欢看别人玩游戏. Exercises: . -Mary heard someone _ just now. What happened? -John was telling a joke. A. cry B. to cry C. laugh D. to laugh : 3、let, make, have后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语, 也不能带to; help后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语, to可有可无 She let us meet her at the station, but she didnt come. 她让我们去车站迎接她,卡她没有来. Exercises: The woman made his son _ finally after she told him some jokes. A. laughed B. to laugh C. laugh D. laughing 4、It takes sb some time to do sth.花费某人一段时间干某事. It took me half an hour to do my homework yesterday.昨天我花了半小时做回家作业. Exercises: Do you think it will take them 10 years _ (build) the palace?5、不定式的特殊句型tooto tooto 太以至于 He is too excited to speak. 他太激动了，说不出话来。 如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定， too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意 为不太。 Its never too late to mend. (谚语) 改过不嫌晚。 当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常 等于very。 Im only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。 He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。动词的被动结构训练一般现在时：am / is / are + done / 一般过去时：was / were + done / 情态动词 +be 动词+ 过去分词 练习题 一 把下列句子变成被动句：1 People grow rice in the south of the country2 The students forget his lessons easily.3 They give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.4 The workers told me some stories.5 We painted the rooms.lat Sunday.6 The workers mended the road.7 He broug