高中英语 Unit 1 Advertising Period Two Word Part Ⅱ Grammar课件 牛津译林版必修4.ppt

PeriodTwo,Wordpower&Grammarandusage,PartGrammar直接引语和间接引语,一、直接引语和间接引语的区别直接引用别人的原话，放在引号内，称为直接引语(TheDirectSpeech)。间接地引述别人的话，称为间接引语(TheIndirectSpeech)。Hesaid，“Iwillrealizemydreamwithmyefforts.”他说：“通过努力我将实现自己的梦想。”Hesaidthathewouldrealizehisdreamwithhisefforts.他说通过自己的努力，他将会实现自己的梦想。,语法精析,二、由直接引语变为间接引语时，通常发生以下几个方面的变化1.句型的变化(1)直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，在多数情况下都构成了一个由that引导的宾语从句(that在口语中常省略)。(2)直接引语是一般疑问句、反意疑问句或选择疑问句，变为间接引语时，常将它变成由whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主句谓语动词常用ask。Iaskedher，“Willyougoshoppingwithme？”Iaskedherwhether/ifshewouldgoshoppingwithme.我问她是否愿意和我一起逛街。,(3)直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，就将它变成由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。“WhenwillyoucometoChina？”Iaskedtheforeigner.IaskedtheforeignerwhenhewouldcometoChina.我问这个外国人什么时候来中国。(4)转换祈使句时，通常采用“动词sb.动词不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有ask，tell，warn，order等；转述否定祈使句时，在动词不定式前加not。Themanagersaidtohim，“Dontbelatenexttime.”Themanageraskedhimnottobelatethenexttime.经理对他说下次不要迟到了。,(5)转述感叹句时，仍以原来的what或how为引导词。Iansaid，“Whatfascinatingsceneryitis！”Iansaidwhatfascinatingsceneryitwas.伊恩说多么迷人的景色啊！2.人称代词的变化：口诀“一随主、二随宾、三不变”,3.时态的变化,4.指示代词、地点副词、动词、时间状语的变化,注意：如果转述时是在原来的地方或说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。5.语序的变化直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问语序变为陈述语序。Hesaidtome，“Doyouliketravelling？”Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedtravelling.他问我是否喜欢旅行。,即时跟踪.将下列句子变为间接引语1.“Lightgoesfasterthansound.”theteachertoldme._2.Shesaid，“Ihavelostapen.”_3.Jacksaid，“John，wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet？”_,答案,Theteachertoldmelightgoesfasterthansound.Shesaidshehadlostapen.JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet.,答案,4.XiaoWangsaid，“IwasbornonApril21,1980.”_5.Petersaid，“Youhadbettercomeheretoday.”_6.Tomasked，“Willyougototheconcertwithmethisevening？”Tomaskedme.,whetherIwouldgototheconcertwithhimthatevening,XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril21,1980.PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.,答案,.将下列句子变为直接引语1.Iaskedherwhereshewasgoingandwhatshewasgoingtodothenextday._2.Thestrangeraskedmewhatmynamewas._3.Shesaidthatshewouldfinishherworkthenextday._,Thestrangerasked，“Whatsyourname？”“Illfinishmyworktomorrow，”shesaid.,Iaskedher，“Whereareyougoingandwhatareyougoingtodotomorrow？”,答案,4.Theteacheraskedifwecoulddoit._5.Myteacheraskedwhetherhewascoming._6.Hesaidthosebookswerehis._,Theteacherasked，“Canyoudoit？”Myteacherasked，“Ishecoming？”Hesaid，“Thesebooksaremine.”,答案,.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Myfathersaidpractice(make)perfect.2.Shesaidhedemandedthatthegirl(leave)atonce.3.MissYangsaidthatshe(buy)anewdressthenextweek.4.Hesaidthathe(lose)akeytherethedaybefore.5.Hesaidthathe(go)toBeijingthenextmorning.,wasgoing,makes,leave,wouldbuy,hadlost,1.AlbertEinsteinwasbornin1879.Asachild，fewpeopleguessedthathe_afamousscientistwhosetheorieswouldchangetheworld.(2015浙江，8)A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.wasgoingtobeD.was,高考链接,解析答案,C,解析考查动词的时态。句意为：阿尔伯特爱因斯坦出生于1879年。孩提时，很少有人会猜想到他能成为其理论会改变世界的著名科学家。由语境可知，此处指在爱因斯坦小时候人们所猜想的，表示“从过去看将来”，要用过去将来时态，用would/shoulddo，was/weretodo或者was/weregoingtodo表示，故C项正确。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,2.Atcollege，BarackObamadidntknowthathethefirstblackpresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.(2015陕西，24)A.wastobecomeB.becomesC.istobecomeD.became,解析答案,A,解析考查动词的时态。句意为：在大学时，贝拉克奥巴马不知道他会成为美国的第一任黑人总统。由didntknow可知，此处表示从过去(上大学时)看将来要发生的动作，要用过去将来时，即谓语动词用would/shoulddo，也可以用was/weretodo表示，故选A项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,3.Itrulybelievebeautycomesfromwithin.(2015北京，33)A.thatB.whereC.whatD.why,解析答案,A,解析考查宾语从句。句意为：我真的相信美来自人的内心。宾语从句意思完整，只缺连接词，故选A。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,4.Theexhibitiontellsusweshoulddosomethingtostopairpollution.(2015四川，8)A.whereB.whyC.whatD.which,解析答案,B,解析考查宾语从句。句意为：这个展览告诉我们为什么要阻止空气污染。宾语从句缺少状语，故选项C、D错误；where引导地点状语从句，不符合题意。故选B，表示“的原因”。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,5.WemustfindoutKarliscoming，sowecanbookaroomforhim.(2015重庆，8)A.whenB.howC.whereD.why,A,解析考查宾语从句。句意为：我们一定要搞清楚Karl什么时候来，以便我们给他订房间。由句意可知，要给Karl订房间，那么就要清楚他来这里的时间，故选when。,解析答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,6.JustasIgottotheschoolgate，IrealizedImybookinthecafe.(2015安徽，24)A.haveleftB.hadleftC.wouldleaveD.wasleaving,B,解析考查动词的时态。句意为：我刚一到学校门口，就意识到我把书落在咖啡馆了。realized后省略了that，这里是一个宾语从句，从句时态与主句保持一致，“落下”的动作发生在“意识到”之前，应该用过去完成时，故选B。,解析答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,7.Youhavetoknowyouregoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere.(2015湖南，26)A.whatB.thatC.whereD.who,C,解析考查名词性从句引导词的选择。句意为：你如果要计划到达那里的最好方法，就得知道自己要往哪里去。分析句子结构可知，know后的youregoing是宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where。,解析答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8.HemusthavesensedthatIhim.Hesuddenlyglancedatmeandsaidquietly，“Whyareyousta