名词性从句趣味详解PPT课件.ppt

Grammar,1,名词性从句,2,Grammar,Whatkindofnounclausestheyare?,1.Whatlifewillbelikeinthefutureisdifficulttopredict.,subjectiveclause,2.Theyarecarefulaboutwhattheyeatandexerciseregularly.,objectiveclause,3,3.Theschoolsofthefutureswillprobablybedifferentfromwhattheyaretoday.,objectiveclause,4.Wecannotbesurewhetherourdreamswillcometrue,butwecanatleastbehopefulthat.,objectiveclause,4,5.Ifwelearntoacceptchangeandappreciatewhatisnewanddifferent,wewillbewell-preparedforwhateverthefuturemayhaveinstore.,objectiveclauses,6.Thediscussiontopicfortodayiswhatschoolwillbelikeinthefuture.,predicativeclause,5,6,种类,主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句,7,1.Thephotographswillshowyou_.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.Youcanhardlyimagine_whenheheardthenews.A.howhewasexcitedB.howwasheexcitedC.howexcitedhewasD.hewashowexcited,语序问题,8,3.Heasked_foraviolin.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid4.Icouldntunderstand_withme.A.thematterwaswhatB.whatthematterwasC.whatwasthematterD.thatwasthematter,结论：名词性从句应选用陈述句语序。,9,关联词,10,名词性从句的连接词,一、主语从句（一般位于句首）,1.连词that(无词义,不作成分,不能省略);whether(是否),不用if.Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain.Whetherwewillsucceedisstillaquestion.,注意:已确定的事由that引导;没决定的事由whether引导.,11,3.连接副词when(ever),where(ever),why,how(ever),howlong,howoften,howsoon,howfar,howmany/much等.,Whenthetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.Howmuchwecanspendmustbeagreedon.,2.连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,whose,which,whichever等.,Whatheishasnothingtodowithyou.Whoseticketthisishasnotbeenfoundout.,12,1._Icantunderstandiswhyhehaschangedhismind.2._theearthisroundisknowntousall.归纳：,What,That,连词_在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而_在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。,that,what,13,_youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether2._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter3._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what,14,1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式.Thattheywillcomeiscertain.,2.由who,whoever引导的主语从句的单复数要视从句中的单复数而定.Whoeversaythataretobepunished.Whoheisdoesntconcernme.,3.What引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.Whathewantsarethesebooks.Whathewantsissomewater.,主语从句的主谓一致,15,二.宾语从句,16,当that引导的从句作复合宾语的第一个成分时，需用先行词it作形式宾语，把从句放到句末，that不能省略。,Weconsideritpossiblethatheisill.Ifeelitapitythatshecantcome.IhearditsaidthathehadgonetoAustralia.Hemadeitclearthatheobjectedtotheplan.,17,2.由wh-疑问词引导。,Wefullyunderstoodwhathemeant.Goandaskwhyhewaslateyesterday.Pleasetellmewhichismine.Iaskedhowhewasgettingon.Wewillchoosewhoeverisfit.Theyshouldenjoycompletefreedomtomarrywhomevertheydesire.Whateverhedoeshedoeswell.Doyouknowwhether/ifsheiscoming?HeaskedmewhetherornotIwasbusy.,18,1.介词后的宾语从句.Everythingdependsonwhetheritisfinetomorrow.2.whetherornot的宾语从句.Idontknowwhetherornotshelllikeit.3.复合不定式只能用whether.Telluswhethertogoorstayhere.但:宾语从句否定时常用if引导.Heaskedifyouwouldnotgoandseehim.,whether与if有时可以换用，但下列情况只能用whether.,19,另附：,1、主语从句置于句首Whethershelikesthepresentisnotcleartome.2、表语从句MymainproblemrightnowiswhetherIshouldaskforanotherloan（贷款）.3、同位语从句Answermyquestionwhetheryouarecoming.,另附：,20,1.Idontknow_Illbefreetomorrow.2.Idontknow_ornotIllbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis_thisbookisworthwriting.4.Itdependson_wewillhaveenoughmoney.5._theycandoitmatterslittletous.6.Themanageraskedmethequestion_Iwouldliketobehissecretary.7._youarenotfreetomorrow,Illgowithoutyou.,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,Whether,If,用if或whether填空,whether,21,宾语从句要注意的几个问题:,1.时态呼应(主从句时态保持一致）2.否定转移:(think,believe,suppose,expect,guess等).但一般出现在主句是一般现在时的情况下.Idontthinkyouhavemetbefore,haveyou?Ithoughtyouwouldnotcome,soIwenttherebymyself.3.后面不能直接跟that从句的动词:allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,admire,celebrate,dislike,hate,love,help,take,forgive等.这类次后可用其它形式作宾语.Iadmiretheirwinningthematch.(正确)Iadmirethattheywonthematch.(错误),22,三.表语从句,表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句相同.但:1.that引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句.3.seem,appear后可接that引导的从句,而look则不可.这三个词后都可用asif/asthough引导从句.Itseems/appearsthathewaslateforthetrainyesterday.Itseems/appears/looksasifwehavetogohomeonfoot.,23,Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.Hisdelayisduetothefactthatthecarwentwronghalfway.,四.同位语从句,同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,information,knowledge,doubthope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion后面,用以说明或解释前面的名词.,24,注:1.that引导同位语从句与that引导定语从句的区别:引导同位语从句的that无实际意义,不作从句的任何成分,而引导定语从句的that是从句中的某个成分.,Hetoldmethenewsthatourteamwonthematch.Hetoldmethenewsthatwasveryexciting.Weareinterestedinthenewsthatsomeforeignerswouldvisitourschool.Weareinterestedinthenewsthathetoldus.,2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.,Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.,25,Part3onpage46,Itishardforustoimaginewherealltheseadvancedtechnologieswillleadus.,NC,2.Peoplewanttoknowwhich“green”transportationwillbeusedinthecity.,NC,3.Haveyouheardofthenewmaglevtrain,whichisenvironmentallyfriendly,energy-savingandtravelsatanamazingspeed?,AC,26,4.Hismemorybroughthimbacktothespringof1998whenhemetherforthefirsttime.,AC,5.Manyparentsdonotunderstandwhytheirchildrenliketotrynewthingsandbedifferent.,NC,27,wh-ever与nomatterwh-引导名词性从句与让步状语从句的比较,拓展,28,1.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho2.Thesewildflowersaresospecial,Iwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever3.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever4._leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who,29,另外，在名词性从句的复习过程中，我们还须特别注意以下问题：,填空:Thereason_wedidnttrusthimis_hehasoftenlied,reason后面的表语从句只能用that引导,不能用why引导,但reason后面的定语从句可以用why或者that引导。,30,巩固练习