英语本科毕业论文-西方思潮对当代中国青年的负面影响.doc

本科毕业论文 西方思潮对当代中国青年的 负面影响学生姓名： 学生学号： 200310309155 院（系）： 外国语学院 年级专业： 2003级英语本科1班 指导教师： 二七年五月The Negative Influence of Western Ethos on Contemporary Chinese YouthYan JialinUnder the Supervision ofWang HuanSchool of Foreign Languages and CulturesPanzhihua UniversityMay 2007攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 ContentContentsAbstract.IKey Words.I摘要.II关键词.IIIntroduction.1I. The Overview of Western Ethos .2A. Role and Spread of Western Ethos.2B. Function of Western Ethos.2C. Political Feature and Complication of Western Ethos.3II. Main Features of Western Ethos in China.3A. Rapid Spread.4 B. Disorder.4III. Negative Influences of Western Ethos on Chinese Youth.5A. Going with The Main Stream Blindly.6B. Unwarrantable Rebellion.6C. Believing in Authority Blindly.7D. Individualism from The Western.7E. Confused Mentality.8F. Frustrated and Unsuccessful Mentality.9IV. Countermeasures for Rejecting Negative Western Ethos.9A. Chinese Advanced Culture and Tradition.10B. Theoretical Education .10C. Social Education .11D. Suitable Environment and Practice .12E. Moral Education and Life Philosophy.13F. Experience from Foreign Countries.13Conclusion.15Acknowledgements.16Bibliography.17攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 摘要攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 AbstractAbstractAt present, the negative influence of western ethos on Chinese youth has been more and more obvious. Western ethos, as the ascendant culture, comes into China and influences world view, values, philosophy of life of Chinese youth deeply. In the time of reform and opening in China, western ethos is making every effort to affect the ideas and actions of Chinese in various aspects, especially the youth of China. In this paper, the author focuses on the need of analyzing the distinctive feature of western ethos and Chinese youth.The structure of the paper is as follows. In part I, a brief view of the main features of western ethos is given. In the next part, the author discusses features of western ethos in China. In these two parts, a brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in western ethos are presented. In part III, the author describes the negative influences of western ethos upon Chinese youth. Following this part, the author summarizes countermeasures for rejecting negative western ethos. These countermeasures include good education and right methodology. This paper concludes with a discussion of future research consideration in the last part, countermeasures to rejecting negative influence of western ethos must be achieved through the cultivation of Chinese ethos and socialist outlook on life and effective educational methods as well. The ultimate goal of this paper is to utilize the existing knowledge in the area of ethos, and try our best to contribute strength for the construction of socialist society. Key WordsWestern ethos; Chinese youth; negative influence; countermeasuresI攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 摘要摘要目前，全球化浪潮对世界各民族的文化产生了重大的冲击。在我国，西方社会思潮作为一种“强势”文化进入，对当代我国青年的世界观，价值观，人生观产生了深刻的影响和冲击。然而，由于西方社会思潮的良莠不齐,在传播过程中的泥沙俱下以及一些西方反华势力的恶意渗透，使西方社会思潮对我国青年产生了诸多负面影响。青年是时代最敏感的群体之一，他们接受新事物的能力强，速度快，同时也容易出现问题。论文分析了西方思潮和中国青年的特点。论文主要分为这些部分：首先，分析了西方思潮的主要特点及其在中国的特点。其次，讨论了西方思潮对当代中国青年产生的负面影响。最后，提出了一些措施来积极应对西方思潮带来的负面影响。如何防止西方社会思潮对我国青年的负面影响已经成为了一个急待解决的课题。所以，我们应该积极寻求方法，正确地引导青年认识，评价西方社会思潮。我们应该去其糟粕，取其精华，为更好的建设有中国特色的社会主义社会做出贡献。关键词西方思潮；中国青年；负面影响；对策攀枝花学院本科毕业论文IntroductionIntroduction Like a wave, globalization intensely impacts the culture of the nations all over the world and arouses culture infiltration. As the ascendant culture, western ethos comes into China and influences world view, values and philosophy of life of Chinese deeply (Robertson,R, 1992). In the course of reform and opening to the outside world in China, western ethos, thick as hail, is making every effort to affect the ideas and actions of Chinese in various aspects, especially the youth of China. In the past one hundred years, it seems that people accept western social ethic insensibly from western films, music, literature and so on. It is hard to say whether this trend is the intentionally infiltration or not, but it is fact that the western ethos enter into China with good and evil. (Duan Zhongqiao, 2001). Therefore, it is necessary for us to study these distinctive features of western ethos and its spreading in China, as well as the influence of western ethos upon Chinese youth. The effective countermeasures should be taken to promote the education of Chinese youth, and the further study should also be done in the future.13攀枝花学院本科毕业论文BodyI. The Overview of Western EthosWestern ethos is based on western peoples society mentality, which is held by some authority and takes place in specifically historical situation. The ideal, wish, benefit and requirement of certain classes or castes are expressed dynamically (Xing Bensi, 2003). The evolution of western ethos is complicated and it has its distinctive features.A. Role and Spread of Western EthosWestern ethos is the mirror of western society. The reflection or reecho in concept of the uneasy that is caused by the development of western counties is western ethos (Wang Min, 2005). When social contradiction movement affects peoples mind and arouse breaking of subculture, then the broken mentality become meaningful for some people who has the same mental trend. The brand-new trend and its corresponding ideology are equal to ethos that is wide-spreaded and deep- responded. In structure, ethos is cognition, consideration and judgments of society.Western ethos is comedown by colony spread. Ethos is fit for the practiced requirement of this group of people, and can be developed by the cognition, acceptation and embrace of these people (Russell,B, 1946). That is the reason why the ethos can control people and influence the development of society. Therefore, western ethos comprehensively express people common wishes and benefic requirements. B. Function of Western EthosWestern ethos is the weatherglass that shows the climate of western politics, economy and culture. Marxism tells us that everything is changeable and developmental at anytime and anywhere, so western ethos also is changeable and developmental (Zhang Zhicang, 2003). Some dependable ethos lasting for several centuries; some once right ethos change into wrong today. To account for the mentioned above phenomenon, several effects have been put forward. To begin with, the ethos existence is decided by mode of production and productivity. In addition, ethos reflects peoples consciousness, level of theory, trend of mentality.C. Political feature and Complication of Western EthosMarx said: class brands everything in class society. In class society, no matter which side, such as birth condition, background, content or trend, all of them, including itself, have to be related to politics (Zhang Zhicang, 2003). Of course, those ethoses have different influence and character in different classes, times and areas.The complication of social being determines the complication of the contents and characters of ethos. Because social being are expressed by social consciousness.In various and complicated western ethoses, some can promote society to be better, some do the reaction; Some ethoses have negative influence, and some can not be known quite well at the beginning of its early days, but only can be concluded by time.II. Main Features of Western Ethos in ChinaAfter “the opening up to the outside world” became a basic policy in China, our country has more and more chances to communicate with foreign countries frequently, and of course we gain much more influences from outside world at the same time, such as western ethos. Therefore, the new phenomenon that western ethos infiltrate into our traditional culture has become obvious. Since the last several decades, our country strengthens cooperation with foreign countries in science, culture, publications, so a large number of translated works about foreign politics, economy and culture are brought in, as the development of multimedia, literature, movies, teleplays and dramas in different types are introduced in China easily. These communications in ideology are meaningful for China youth to enrich knowledge, activist learning and open up thinking. Also this cooperation promotes cultural, ideological and material progress to a higher level. But we still have to be perceptive of the slightest that the discord between capitalism and socialism. Because of various reasons, our socialism society is still in the primary stage and has a long way to go. At the same time, rotting capitalism never stop to adjust its basic contradiction and it is still strong enough to attracting other nations. Therefore, capitalism changed battle from shooting war to ideology attacking: peaceful evolution has become the main measure to destroy socialism (Li Zhengchen, 1991). For youth of our nation, they are the future of our country, this kind of attraction is extreme dangerous. During the time of external opening in China, western ethos has various influences on Chinese through the infiltration of its capitalistic life style, mode of thinking and behavioral norm, which worsen the situation described above. Meanwhile, we have to be aware of that capitalism never gives up the strategy to conquer the socialism. A. Rapid SpreadRecently, as the stage for communication, spread channels become wider and wider. The fast development of media has offered a large room for people all over the world to communicate easily. In addition, multimedia technology is more and more popular. Moreover, youth are much easier to accept new come ethos because their minds are always active. B. DisorderWestern ethoses in China are mixed up with good and evil. To explain this situation, the primal reason is due to the blind import of western advanced and new things. In the beginning of external opening in China, we completely ignored to analyze and criticize western ethos, but introduced the western advanced and new things into China blindly. So some undesirable results came out unexpectedly. For instance, many-faceted subject, various ethoses and academic differences were brought in. The most notable feature of western ethos spread into China is that not only the content is mixed, but also the spread way is disorderly.Spread methodSpread contentSpread approachby single peoplephilosophyby the governmentby organizationpoliticsby folkby publiceconomyeducationartreligionIII. Negative Influence of Western Ethos on Chinese YouthWith the development of opening to the outside world, the impacts on Chinese youth in China by the western ethoses are deepening progressively. The thought of admiring western ideology has already rooted in some Chinese youths political view, outlook on life and values. Meanwhile, thinking about the contemporary western ethos reflects that Chinese youth are facing a larger number of problems. Among these ethoses, not only include new knowledge but also contain the various thinking method and research approach, which are abundant for youths social knowledge and can widen their thinking real field. Meanwhile, Chinese economic reform is lasting for more than twenty years and has made a great success, and this is due to the replacement of old concepts by new ones, which has been in line with the advancing of modern science, technology and the requirement of socialist commodity economy(Zhang Quanxin, 2005). In this course, western ethos plays a certain role in forcing youths thought view to transform to a positive expectation. Moreover, the contemporary western ethos is regarded as the mirror of the contemporary western society. To some certain extent, ethoses reflect the development of western society and offer us some valuable thought materials. However, when facing the impact of western ethos, some youth cannot distinguish the good from evil, thus causing confusion in value and political attitude, which makes some unnecessary fault on thought and behavior.A. Going with the Main Stream Blindly Going with the stream is a popular phenomenon that wide exists in society and individuals, which also go steadily in youth. Some young people were influenced by this kind of mental state while they were getting in touch with or studying western ethoses. Some youths read representative works of western ethos for following fashion but not intention of studying. Some youths see other people like talking about western ethos, but he is vacant in the extent; so he looks for and reads relevant books only in order to get approval by his friends through this action and enrich the content that they talk about. As a result, he could be proud of himself. Some youths pose as fashionable for his following of new ethos, they like kicking up a row and obeying what points appear fresh. Among youths, the rising and replacement of each kind of hot topic have close relation to their enthusiasm for novelty, excitement, warm emotion as well as their extreme thoughts (Zhang Fanshen, 1989). These factors make youth to build a mental barrier from how to know new objective correctly, which make youth follow western ethos without aims and take on the features that high sensitivity, fast acceptation and less analysis; These mental features lead youth to agree with western ethos one-sidely and use it to evaluate reality life; attracting youths to lose balance between dream and reality.B. Unwarrantable RebellionYouth hood is a period in which both body and mentality are developing and tending mature gradually. In this period, youth presents a series of changes in mentality and body; factor and condition. After the opening to the outside world, a large amount of western ethoses with their strong attraction and influence are pouring in suddenly, strengthening youths rebellion further. Therefore, special contradiction psychological conditions of youth are grown up. On the one hand, some young men are discontented with social reality, resist everything blindly and refuse to take any advanced ideology. In some Chinese youths views, Chinas traditional culture is some sort of parasite and cancer; Moral and political education is a meaningless preaching; the mainstream custom which society advocates is the pronoun of falling behind (Wang Hansong, 1997). These kinds of suspicious and negative thinking way hinder youth to distinguish and judge things correctly. On the other hand, such excessive opposite mentality provides open space between their heart and mind and make they feel down in front of realistic conflict, which makes them transfer to or give a stronger interest on western ethos, and express a positive attitude in accepting those theories that are contrary to major culture. Some youth regard western thought view as their own thought and the main standard to criticize realistic; they regard capitalist democracy, freedom, human rights as their motto falsely; they have totally obscured the essential distinction between socialist democracy and capitalist democracy (Zhang Congyi, 2004). More than worse, some young men who under the extreme mentality accept western ethos totally without any question.C. Believing in Authority BlindlyIt is a widespread mental phenomenon in youth that taking authorities and famous persons words as scientific thesis or the rule of life (Zhang Fanshen, 1989). On the one hand, they do not want to believe others theories easily and pay a great attention to discover by themselves; on the other hand, they adore authorities and want to be authorities. With these two reasons, they are influenced by what they constantly see and hear. In addition, the complicated western ethos expands the difficulty for them to understand. Therefore, youth become the contradiction when fighting against to authorities formally or adoring authorities factually, which produces the prejudice on studying western ethos. The blindness in adoring authorities makes youths choose western ethos unscientifically and optionally.D. Individualism from the WesternWith the development of young peoples ego consciousness, they hope that they can explore life and society independently. But their judgments still are puerile and they like to think alone, it is hard for them to grasp essence when they meet difficult social problems. Therefore, they often hope to seek help with available theories. On the other side, western social ideology influence youths consciousness by their strong academic color; strengthen the conflict between ideal and realistic, this changing appears in the development of youths mentality. Some young people are appreciate Nietzschean voluntarism and superman philosophy, they take design self- realize self- self struggle as the only formula for s