week7词义引申褒贬.ppt

英汉对比：具体与抽象,英语(abstract)Thesignsofthetimespointtothenecessityofthemodificationofthesystemofadministration=Itisbecomingclearthattheadministrativesystemmustbemodified.管理体制需要改革，这已经越来越清楚了,丰富的词义虚化手段Carelessness,thoughtfulness,modernity,barbarism,hardship,childhoodAmericanism应译为：美国用语、发音、习俗、方式、信仰等介词表示虚化Ifthereisanyprofittobegotoutofthedeal,Imgoingtobeinonit.如果这次买卖可以赚到钱，我打算凑一份,Extension:词义抽象化,Thereisamixtureofthetigerandtheapeinthecharacteroftheimperialists.帝国主义者的性格既残暴又狡猾。Everylifehasitsrosesandthorns.Theinventionofmachineryhadbroughtintotheworldanewera-theIndustrialAge.MoneyhadbecomeKing.机器的发明使世界进入了一个新纪元即工业时代，金钱成了主宰一切的权威。,Thisisadangerousandviolentcity.Insomepartsofit,theonlylawisthelawofthejungle.误译：这是一个危险的充满暴力的城市。在有些地方，唯一的原则就是森林法则。应译为：这是一个危险的充满暴力的城市。在有些地方，唯一的原则就是弱肉强食。,Whenmyshipcomesin,IlltakeatriptoCasablanca.误译：当我的船进港时，我就要到卡萨布兰卡去。应译为：当我发了财时，我就要到卡萨布兰卡去,Inaflashtheevilintentofthevice-presidenttousurppowerhitthepresidentbetweentheeyes.误译：一刹那间，副总统篡权的罪恶意图给总统当头一棒。应译为：一刹那间，总统明白了副总统篡权的罪恶意图。,TheyslipoutonebyoneandIwasleftholdingthebaby.误译：他们一个个都跑掉了，剩下我来抱孩子。应译为：他们一个个都跑掉了，剩下我来干这倒霉的差事。Afterthefailureofhislastnovel,hisreputationstandsonslipperygrounds.他的上部小说失败之后，声誉一落千丈。不能译为“站在滑动的场地上了”,Superconductivitytechnologyisnowinitsinfancy.超导体技术正处于发展的初期。Theplanforlaunchingtheman-madesatellitestillliesonthetable.那项发射人造卫星的计划仍被搁置，无法执行,WeneedaWashingtontoday。今天我们需要像华盛顿那样的人物IhavegotacompleteShakespeareathand我手头有莎士比亚全集。hisfatherboughtanAnderwoodlastweek.上周他父亲买了台安德伍德牌打字机。,ThesouptastesofonionTheboyissomethingofamusicianGuangdongprovincehastoomuchsummer.Heisanythingbutapainter（决不是）,词义具体化,Asthecongressgavethego-headtoBush,heandRiceweremeetinginWhiteHouse,preparedtoacceptasetback.开放绿灯Vietnamwashisentretothenewadministration,histhirdincarnationasaforeignpolicyconsultant.越南战争成了他进入新政府的敲门砖，他担任政府的对外政策顾问已是第三次了,Ifyoudislikethecoldinwinter,youcanvisitKunming,the“SpringCity”whichissparedtemperatureextremes.如果冬季怕冷的话,可以到没有酷暑和严冬的昆明去.Thegovernmentisdoingitsbesttoeasethetensioninthatarea.政府正竭尽全力来缓和那个地区的紧张局势。,Thatsabusinessoftheirown,betweenhusbandandwife.Whyshouldyougetinvolvedinit?这是他们夫妻之间的事，你去插一脚干吗Theresmoretotheirlifethanpoliticalandsocialandeconomicproblems,morethantransienteverydayness.一时的柴米油盐问题,Thedirectorcondescendedtotakeadvicefromthestagehand.导演放下架子接受舞台工作人员的意见。Hismindwasinturmoilthesedays.他这几天心里七上八下。,Fortheaverageconsumer,voice-activateddevicesareaconvenience;fortheelderlyandhandicapped,theymaybecomeindispensableforawidevarietyofchoresinthehome.对于一般的使用者来说，声触发装置能提供方便，而对于老年人和残废者来说，它可能成为从事各种家庭杂务时必要的帮手,exercises,Atthedoortotherestaurant,astunning,porcelain-facedwomanintraditionalcostumeaskedmetoremovemyshoes.在通往餐厅的门口有一位妇女，涂脂抹粉、细皮嫩肉、身着、十分迷人，她叫我脱下鞋子,HewentwestbystagecoachandsuccumbedtotheepidemicofgoldandsilverfeverinNevadasWashoeRegion.误：他乘公共马车到了西部，患了瓦肖地区的金银发烧流行病。正：他乘公共马车到了西部，卷入了淘金热和淘银热。,TheratherarrestingspectacleoflittleoldJapanadriftamidbeigeconcreteskyscrapersistheverysymboloftheincessantstrugglebetweenthekimonoandtheminiskirt.误：古老的小日本漂游在灰棕色的钢筋混凝土摩天大楼之间的引人景象是和服与超短裙之间的不断斗争的象征。正：式样古老小巧的日本房屋像小船一般，漂游在灰棕色的钢筋混凝土摩天大楼之间，这引人注目的景象象征着旧传统和新发展之间的不断斗争。,exercises,Fattysrestauranthadbecomeaninstitutioninhislifeinthelastsevenyears.去法提餐厅就餐，七年来已成了他生活中的惯常之事。Thewedding,whichHeywardstillrememberedwithpride,wasattendedbyawhoswhoofBostonsociety.名流,Thegirlisadeadshot.这位姑娘是神枪手。（不能译作“死射手”）Roboticsiscertainlyoneofthemostsignificantscientificdevelopmentsofmoderntimes成就Theadvantagesofnano-structuredmaterialsdonotendhere.纳米材料的优点，不仅仅如此,Fragilearticleseasilyyieldtopressure.易碎物品很容易一压就破。Forfasttransportation,theplanehasapparentadvantageovertherailroadortheboat.就快速运输来说，空运明显比铁路运输或水运具有优势。,Scientistsmakeexperimentsinordertolookinto,under,andbehindthingsforanswerstheyareasking.科学家们进行实验，对事物作探讨、研究、验证，以寻求对他们所提问题的答案。Industrializationandenvironmentaldegradationseemtogohandinhand.工业化发展似乎总伴随着环境的恶化,Remember:youarenotanyoldTom,DickorHarrygivinghisopinion.YoureamanwhowassentasarepresentativeoftheBritishGovernment.”你要记住，你不是一个普普通通的老百姓，可以随便发表意见。你是英国政府派出的代表。,专业化引申,Wehaveasalesforceatpresentoftwenty-foursalesmenontheroad,eachwithhisownterritory.误译目前我们有一支由24名推销员组成推销队正在途中，每人有他自己推销领域。正译目前我们有一支由24名外勤推销员组成推销队伍，每人有自己推销地盘。,Thismedicineactswellontheheart.这种药治疗心脏病疗效很好Hismotherdiedofdifficultlabor他母亲死于难产Thebacterialpneumoniamaycomplicateinfluenzaatbothextremesofage幼年和老年流行性感冒患者可并发细菌性肺炎,词义褒贬,Itwasmid-AugustandthesubjectfordiscussionwasthefutureofRommelandhisAfricaCorps.下场Theypredictedtheyouthwouldhaveabrightfuture.锦秀前程,词义褒贬,Johnwasanaggressivesalesmanwhodidhisjobquitewell.Hitlerpursuedanaggressivepolicyafterheseizedpower.Hanswastooobviouslyflatteringthegentlemanbysayinghewasthemostcourageousmanhehadeverseen.汉斯说，这位先生是他见过的最有胆识的人，这种阿谀奉承未免过于露骨,Mr.Brownfeltgreatlyflatteredwhenhereceivedtheinvitationtodeliveralecture.布朗先生接到作演讲的邀请时感到非常荣幸。Asademandingboss,heexpectedtotalloyaltyanddedicationfromhisemployees.他是个苛刻的老板，要求手下的人对他忠心耿耿，鞠躬尽瘁。,exercise,Electricpowerbecometheservantofmanonlyafterthemotorwasinvented.只是在电动机发明之后,电力才开始造福人类Weseethatthesurfaceiscoveredwithtiny“hillsandvalleys”.我们看到,该表面布满了微小的凹凸不平之处,Alloybelongstoahalf-wayhousebetweenmixturesandcompounds.直译:合金是介于混合物和化合物之间的中途旅店。合金是介于混合物和化合物之间的中间物质。,Butof