2014年高考一轮知识点梳理课件-必修1U.ppt

基础落实.高频单词思忆1.Shewasvery(心烦)tohearthatshefailedintheexamagain.2.Iftheweatherisgood,welleat(户外).3.Businesshas(遭受)losssincetheeconomiccrisis(经济危机)happened.,upset,outdoors,suffered,Book1Unit1Friendship,4.Whenhewasabroad,hisparentswere(担心)abouthissafety.5.Theoldladyhasgota(疏松的)tooth.6.Therewereseveralnewevents(增加)totheprogramforthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.7.ThebigearthquakethathappenedinSichuandestroyedthetownofBeichuane.8.Accordingtothelaw,tarenotallowedtosmokeordrink.9.Hernervousnesswascitselftothechildren.10.Heiallthe“NoSmoking”signsandlitupacigarette.,loose,added,ntirely,eenagers,ommunicating,concerned,gnored,.重点短语再现1.平静下来2.与相处3.欺骗某人做某事4.爱上某人5.记下，写下6.故意7.遛狗8.面对面地9.在黄昏时刻10.一系列的,calmdown,getalong/onwith,odoingsth.,fallinlovewithsb.,setdown,onpurpose,walkthedog,facetoface,atdusk,aseriesof,.典型句式运用1.Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.她和家人躲藏了几乎25个月后被发现了。句中before意思是“”，有时可以理解为“”。在“It+be+时间段+before从句”中before意为“”。在“It+be+否定形式+long+before从句”中before意为“”。,考点提炼,在之前,还没等就,之后才,不久就,2.Ididntgodownstairsuntilthewindowhadtobeshut.我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。not.until.意为:，在这个句型中，主句的动词必须是终止性动词。3.Anothertimefivemonthsago,Ihappenedtobeupstairsatduskwhenthewindowwasopen.还有一次，就在五个月前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。句中happentodosth.意思是“”，可转变为Ithappensthat.。,考点提炼,直到才,碰巧,做某事,考点提炼,4.;itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatIdseenthenightfacetoface.；这是我这一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚此句为复合句，that引导定语从句修饰。It/That/Thisis/wasthefirst/second/third.timethat.意为：。,考点提炼,thefirsttime,那/这是某人第一/二/三次做某事,导练互动重点单词1.addupyourscoreandseehowmanypointsyouget.(回归课本P1)观察思考Themusicaddedtoourenjoymentintheparty.音乐使我们在晚会上享受到了更多的乐趣。Thesefiguresinthebilldontaddupright.账单上的这些数字加起来得到的结果不对。Themoneyshespendsonclothesamonthaddsupto$1,000.她每个月花在衣服上的钱加起来总共有1000美元。,Add,归纳总结add。addupsth./addsth.up把加起来addupto加起来共计/达（不用于被动语态）addto增加，增添（后多接抽象名词）add.to.把加到/进里addthat.补充（说）即学即用Hisreturninghomesafeandsound(使她倍感欢喜).,v.增加，添加；补充说,addstoher,pleasure,2.upsetYourfriendcomestoschoolvery.（回归课本P1）观察思考Shesreallyupsetaboutlosingthemoneywhenbuyingclothes.在买衣服时丢了钱，她真的很不安。Hisfathersdeathupsethimverymuch.他父亲的去世使他很难过。Therainupsetourplanforapicnic.这场雨打乱了我们去野餐的计划。Hemadeamovementandupsethisglass.他动了一下，把玻璃杯打翻了。,upset,归纳总结upset。(sth.)upsetsb.（某事）使某人心烦意乱(sb.)upsetsth.（某人）打/弄翻某物upsetaplan打乱计划beupsetabout/over/atsth.为某事烦心upsetonesstomach使（肠胃）不适即学即用（1）Thereisnopoint(为此事烦恼).（2）(你别为这事烦恼了)letsjustforgetit.,adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的；vt.使不安；,使心烦；弄翻，打翻；打乱，扰乱（计划等）,gettingupsetaboutit,Dontupsetyourselfaboutit,3.concernYouwilltellyourfriendthatyouareabouthim/herandyouwillmeetafterclassandtalkthen.(回归课本P1)观察思考Thereisnowconsiderableconcernfortheirillness.现在（人们）对他们的病情相当担心。Sheisalwaysconcerningherselfaboutotherpeoplesbusiness.她总是关心别人的事情。,concerned,Imnotconcernedwiththatmatteranylonger.我和那件事再也没有关系了。Hecalledonallconcernedtotakeanactivepartinthemovement.他呼吁所有有关的人积极地参与这场运动。归纳总结concern。beconcernedwithsth.和有关beconcernedaboutsth.担心/关心某事,n.U关心，担忧；C关心的人（或）,事；vt.涉及，关系到，参与；(使)担心，(使)操心,即学即用（1）ThisnovelwasconcernedtheSecondWorldWar,whilemostteenagersaremoreconcernedtheheroslovestory.A.with;aboutB.with;atC.for;aboutD.about;with（2）Theyvedecidedtohaveanotherdiscussiontheirmethodsofwork.A.concernsB.concernedC.asconcernD.concerning,A,D,4.ignoreYoullthebellandgosomewherequiettocalmyourfrienddown.(回归课本P1)观察思考Itsdangeroustoignoretrafficrules.忽视交通规则是很危险的。Shesawhimcomingbutsheignoredhim.她看见他走过来，但假装没看到他。,ignore,归纳总结ignore。ignoresb./sth.不理睬某人/某事ignorancen.无知；愚昧；不知道beinignoranceof/aboutsth.不知道某事ignorantadj.无知的；愚昧的；不知道的beignorantthat.不知道某事beignorantof/aboutsth.不知道某事即学即用（1）我们不能不考虑他们的劝告。Wecantaffordto.（2）他对现代科技一无所知。Hescompletelymoderntechnology.,vt.不理睬；不顾；忽视,ignoretheiradvice,ignorantabout,5.settleShefounditdifficulttoandcalmdowninthehidingplace,.（回归课本P4）观察思考Atlasttheoldcouplesettledinthecountryside.最后那对老年夫妇在乡下定居了。Thebutterflysettledontheflower.蝴蝶在那朵花上停了下来。Itstimeyousettledtheproblem.是你们解决这个问题的时候了。,settle,归纳总结settle。settledown舒适地坐下（或躺下）；定居；安静/平静下来settlein/into习惯于；适应settleon选定，决定settleup付清账单,vi.安家；定居；停留；vt.使定居；安排；,解决,即学即用（1）Withalotofdifficultproblems,themanagerfeltlikeacatonhotbricks.A.settledB.answeredC.tosettleD.toanswer（2）Thevoyagewascompleted,soJamesCookmadeuphismindtodowninLondon.A.settleB.writeC.setD.sit,C,A,6.sufferShefromloneliness,.(回归课本P4)观察思考Hisworkissufferingbecauseoffamilyproblems.由于家庭问题，他的工作日渐退步。Helookedverypale,andseemedtohavesufferedagreatdeal.他看起来脸色苍白，好像很痛苦。Shesufferedthelossofherpupilsrespect.她失去了学生们对她的尊重。,suffered,归纳总结suffer。suffer作及物动词时，其后跟的宾语常是pain,loss,defeat,punishment,hardship等。在表示“患（某种疾病）”时要用。suffer作不及物动词，表“受到损失/损害”时，其主语一般是。即学即用（1）Duringthewar,hemuchpain.A.issufferedB.sufferedC.wassufferedD.wassufferedfrom,v.遭受；忍受；经历,sufferfrom,物,B,（2）Itistobethatyourhealthissinceyouvebeensittingbythedeskalldaylong.A.expecting;sufferingB.expected;sufferingC.expecting;sufferedD.expected;suffered,B,重点短语与句型7.gothrough.,orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouare?(回归课本P2)观察思考Ialwaysstartthedaybygoingthroughmye-mail.我每天总是先看电子邮件。Hesamazinglycheerfulconsideringallhesgonethrough.经历了种种磨难，他还是那么乐观，令人惊叹。,goingthrough,归纳总结gothrough意为：。goafter追赶goagainst违反，与不符goahead先走；开始做，着手干goby逝去；过去gooff离开；爆炸goon上场；继续；流逝goover检查,经历；遭受;审查；完成（艰难的,事）；通过,即学即用（1）在战争期间，他的父亲经历了许多危险。（2）请你仔细审阅这些文章。8.setdownIdontwanttoaseriesoffactsinadiary.(回归课本P2),Hisfatherwentthroughmanydangers,Pleasegothroughthesearticles,carefully.,setdown,duringthewar.,观察思考Thepolicemansetdownthedriversonthelistwhobroketrafficrules.那位警察把违反交通规则的司机的名字登记下来。Thedriversetherdownatthestation.司机让她在车站下车。归纳总结setdown意为：。setabout(doingsth.)着手（做某事）setout(todosth.)开始，着手（做某事）setaside留出；不顾setback（把钟等）往回拨；推迟,放下，记下；登记,setfree释放；解放setoff动身，出发（去某地）；使爆炸setout动身，出发；着手；安排，组织setup开办；建立；设立setanexample树立榜样setfireto.=set.onfire纵火烧即学即用（1）乘客只有在正式车站方可上下车。Passengersmaybeandpickeduponlyattheofficialstops.（2）由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了几个星期。Thebadweatherthebuildingprogrammebyseveralweeks.,setdown,setback,9.getalongwithImaboyinmyclass.(回归课本P6)观察思考Imnotgettingalongveryfastwiththisjob.我这个工作进展不太快。Bequietandgetalongwithyourwork.安静下来，继续干你的事。Hedoesntgetalongwellwithanybodyintheoffice.他和办公室的人相处得不好。,gettingalongwellwith,归纳总结getalongwithsb.意为：。在getalong后可以加副词，表示相处得如何。getalongwithsth.表示“”的意思。有关get的短语：getabout/around（消息）传开get.across讲清楚；（使）被领会getawayfrom.离开；脱身get.back收回，找回get.down记下来；使悲伤，使沮丧getdownto认真做；开始着手做,同某人相处,某事进展/进行,getin到达；收割geton.上车/船/飞机等；继续进行；相处getover.克服；摆脱getridof.消灭，摆脱，除掉gettogether聚会，联欢即学即用（1）他与同学们相处得很好。Hehisclassmates.（2）你的英语学习进展得如何？areyouyourEnglishstudies?,getsalongverynicelywith,How,gettingalongwith,10.joinin.todiscussionsandshowinterestinotherpeoplesideas.(回归课本P7)观察思考About400,000workersjoinedinthestrikein1939intheircountry.大约有四十万名工人在1939年参加了他们国家的那次罢工。Willyoujoinusinagameofbridge?你和我们一起打桥牌好吗？Theydancedanddanceduntilalotofpeoplejoinedin.他们跳啊跳，直到许多人参加进来。,joinin,归纳总结joinin意为：。易混辨异join,joinin,takepartin,attend,participate（1）join表示“加入党派、组织、社团、俱乐部”等，如jointheParty/YouthLeague/army/club/organization入党/入团/参军/加入俱乐部/加入组织。（2）joinin表示“参加正在进行的活动”，如joininagame/discussion/conversation/walk参加游戏/讨论/谈话/散步。亦可说：joinsb.in(doing)sth.表示“加入某人一起做某事”。,参加，加入,（3）takepartin表示“参加会议、活动”，侧重说明主语参加并发挥一定作用，part前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词，如take(anactive)partinaparty/schoolactivities/physicallabour(积极)参加聚会/学校活动/体力劳动。（4）attend表示“出席或参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，上课，上学，听报告”，如attendameeting/asportsmeeting/aconcert/ashow/school/alecture参加会议/运动会/出席音乐会/出席展览会/上学/听演讲。（5）participate为正式用语，和介词in连用，表示积极地参与。,即学即用用join的相关短语填空（1）Theyareplayingbasketballontheplayground.Lets.（2）Willyoumebuyingapresentforher?,joinin,join,in,11.IwonderifitsbecauseIhaventbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatIvegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。,典例体验WhatJoefoundinthebathroom?乔在洗手间发现的是什么？inthetownhewasbroughtup.他是在镇上被养大的。quiterecentlytheyknewthesecretaboutJacksfailure.直到最近他们才知道杰克s失败了。,wasitthat,Itwas,that,Itwasnotuntil,that,归纳总结此句中的Its.that.是强调句型。（1）强调句型的基本结构：。用来强调、和等成分。that只起作用，成分，但省略。当被强调部分为sb.时可用who，也可用that，其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语的人称与数保持一致。,Itis/was+被强调的,成分+that/who+其他成分,主语,宾语,状语,连接,不作,不能,（2）特殊句式中的强调句型：如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示“到底、究竟”等语气时，就用如下结构：“特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+该句的其余部分”，that，who后只能使用陈述语序。在强调“not.until”结构中由until所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：“It+is/was+notuntil+被强调部分+that+该句的其余部分”，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。,（3）要注意强调句型和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，要采用“还原法”。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整且在上下文中表达的意思合情合理，则是强调句，否则不是。（4）英语中常用助动词do,does或did强调谓语。Ididcomeyesterday.我昨天确实来了。,即学即用（1）ItwehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeksIfoundwehadalotincommon.A.wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;thatC.wasntuntil;whenD.wasntuntil;that解析本题考查强调句。强调句的基本结构为：Itis/was+被强调部分+其他成分。句意为：我们在一起呆了几个星期后我才发现我们有许多共同之处。not.until.直到才。,D,（2）Ihavenothingtoconfess.youwantmetosay?A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat,A,考题回扣【例1】Thisisthefirsttimeweafilminthecinematogetherasafamily.(陕西高考)A.seeB.hadseenC.sawD.haveseen解析在This/Itisthefirst/second.timethat从句中，that从句谓语动词用现在完成时态。句意为：这是第一次我们全家人一起到电影院看电影。,D,课文原文.,inayearandahalfthatthenightfacetoface.,itwasthefirsttime,Idseen,【例2】Youcantborrowbooksfromtheschoollibraryyougetyourstudentcard.（上海高考）A.beforeB.ifC.whileD.as解析句意为:在你得到学生证之前不能从学校图书馆借书。if是否，假如；while在同时；as当时候,均不合题意。课文原文Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwenty-fivemonthstheywerediscovered.,before,A,【例3】Shellneverforgetherstaythereshefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.(四川高考)A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when解析stay在此处的意义与aperiodofstaying相同，故用when引导定语从句，且when在从句中作时间状语。课文原文Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimeadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.,when,D,【例4】Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstoseeitgotanybetter.（北京高考）A.whenB.howC.whyD.if解析if在此引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。课文原文IwonderitsbecauseIhaventbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthat.,D,if,【例5】Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,inasmallapartmentnearBostonandwhattodoabouthisfuture.（湖南高考）A.living;wonderingB.lived;wonderingC.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered解析句意为：29岁时，大卫是一名工人，居住在波士顿附近的一座小公寓里，对于他的未来还一片茫然。根据句意及句式结构，live和wonder的逻辑主语都是Dave,所以要使用现在分词短语作定语。,D,课文原文.Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtains.,hangingbeforeverydusty,windows,写作技能如何写好简单句当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时称为简单句。句子的两个主要组成部分是主语和谓语，而谓语都是由动词构成的。因此，动词在句子中起着极其重要的作用，可以说是句子的核心。在英语中，各类动词后有不同的结构，从而构成不同的句型，抓住动词及它们引起的各种句型，就会对英语句子有一个总的概念。简单句大体上可以分为下面五种类型：1.主语+不及物动词（S+Vi.）Thelittlebabysmiled.婴儿笑了。,2.主语+及物动词+宾语（S+Vt.+O）LilyknowsFrench.莉莉懂法语。Everybodylaughedatthatuglyboy.每个人都嘲笑那个丑陋的男孩。3.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+Vt.+IO+DO）Mygrandmothertoldmeastory.我的奶奶给我讲了一个故事。Myuncleboughtanewcomputerforme.我的叔叔给我买了一台新电脑。,4.主语+系动词+表语（S+V.+P）Thefoodis(tastes)verydelicious.食物尝起来非常美味。5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（S+Vt.+O+C）Thenewsmadeussurprised.这消息使我们很吃惊。MissWangtoldmenottobediscouraged.王女士告诉我别气馁。,即时练习连词成句1.at,red,face,news,her,turned,the2.we,bus,catch,soasto,got,first,up,the,early3.a,made,she,dress,beautiful,me4.first,my,made,homework,me,do,mymother5.found,with,family,to,it,your,very,I,pleasant,be,Herfaceturnedredatthenews.,Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus.,Shemademeabeautifuldress.,Mymothermademedomyhomeworkfirst.,Ifounditverypleasanttobewithyourfamily.,自主检测.品句填词1.Sheihimandcarriedonwithherwork.2.Theincidentcausedawholesofeventsthatnobodyhadforeseen.3.TheevillagewasdestroyedinWenchuanEarthquake.4.Manyyoungmendwiththeirparentsonmostthingsbecauseofgenerationgap.,gnored,eries,ntire,isagree,5.Wouldyouliketogivemesomeusefultonhowtosavemoney?6.Thismagazineisdesignedfor(青少年).7.Myfatherhasmadeafull(康复)fromtheoperation.8.Wewillbe(感激的)foranyinformationyoucangiveus.9.Theseedsmaybesown(户外)inthespring.10.Hediditon(故意),knowingitwouldannoyher.,ips,teenagers,recovery,grateful/thankful,outdoors,purpose,.短语运用1.Whydontyouyourideasonpaper?2.Shehasanunhappytimerecently.3.Doyouoftenheadaches?4.Areyouyourclassmatesinthenewschool?,setdown,gonethrough,sufferfrom,gettingalongwellwith,growcrazyabout,laughat,hideaway,setdown,gothrough,sufferfrom,getalongwellwith,joinin,makeaneffortto,payattentionto,5.WeallJanewhenshesaidshebelievedinghosts(鬼).6.Youngpeoplehavepopmusic.7.Shehassomewhere.8.CanIthegame?9.Iwillfinishthejobaheadoftime.10.PleasewhatIamsaying.,laughedat,growncrazyabout,hiddenaway,joinin,makeaneffortto,payattentionto,.完成句子1.Thecountryhasalways(遭受水灾).2.Thatcryingchildsoon(安静下来).3.Everybodyknewthat(他是故意这么做的).4.Youdbetter(面对面和他谈谈).5.Therewasatime(女孩子是不能去上学的).6.He(对她一见钟情).,sufferedfromfloods,calmeddown,hediditonpurpose,talkwithhimfacetoface,whengirlscouldntgoto,school,fellinlovewithherassoonashesaw,her,.单项填空1.Itsamansdutytothegoodthingsofthisworldwithhisneighbours.A.shareB.spareC.spendD.give解析句意为：将这个世界上美好的东西与邻居们分享是一个人的职责（本分）。share分享，分担；spare抽出，匀出；spend花费；度过；give给予。故A项正确。,A,2.Doyourememberatimepeoplewerealittlenicerandgentlerwitheachother?A.thatB.whichC.whenD./解析atime作先行词，在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于duringatime，因此选C项。,C,3.fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.A.SufferedB.SufferingC.HavingsufferedD.Beingsuffered解析此题考查分词作状语。suffer与ProfessorWhite构成主动关系，故排除A、D；又因两个动作有明显的先后顺序，故用完成时，答案应选C项。,C,4.Broadlyspeaking,IwouldagreewithShirley,thoughnot.A.widelyB.thoroughlyC.entirelyD.extensively解析本题考查在特定的语境中正确使用副词的能力。widely广泛地；thoroughly彻底地，透彻地；entirely完全地，类似于completely;extensively广泛地；广阔地。根据题意，C为正确选项。,C,5.Theexhibitionhall,manytimes,becamethesecondlargestintheworldandcouldhold100,000peopleatatime.A.addedtoB.addingtoC.addedD.adding解析addto在此表示“增添，扩建”，与theexhibitionhall是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。句意为：这个展览厅，在多次被扩建后，规模之大排名世界第二，一次能够容纳十万人。,A,6.Iwantedtohaveawordwithher,butshemeandwentaway.A.sawB.calmedC.toldD.ignored解析考查动词词义辨析。see看见；calm使冷静；tell告诉；ignore不理睬。由but可知应选D项。句意为：我想和她说句话，但她走开了，不理我。,D,7.Imsorryyouvebeenwaitingsolong,butitllstillbesometimeBriangetsback.A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after解析考查从属连词的辨析。句式“Itwillbe+一段时间+before.”意为“要过（时间）才”。句意为：很抱歉让你等了这么久，但仍要过一段时间Brian才会回来。,A,8.Youarealwaysfullof.Canyoutellmethesecret?Takingplentyofexerciseeveryday.A.powerB.strengthC.forceD.energy解析考查名词词义辨析。由答句“每天进行大量的锻炼”可知应是“你总是精力充沛”。power能量；权力；strength力量，力气;force力量；武力；energy指人的精力。故答案为D项。,D,9.MydeskmatehasdifficultyspellingsomeofthewordsinAmericanEnglishwhileIhavetroub