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归化下的《甄嬛传》字幕英译,甄嬛传,归化,字幕
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Literature Review for Subtitle Translation of Legend of Zhen Huan under DomesticationXu Runmin Department of Foreign Languages English MajorSince the broadcast of Legend of Zhen Huan, the mounting attention has been paid to the study of it from various perspectives. Investigators are mainly focused on three aspects: Zhen Huans language style and its translation; Zhen Huans literary and cultural implications; and the female image of Zhen Huan. As for literature and culture, researches are often focused on comparing Zhen Huan with other females in other outstanding literary works. For example, Kang Li proposes that Zhen Huans speech style demonstrates plenty of similarities to that of the characters in A Dream of Red Mansions.Legend of Zhen Huan has been translated into several languages. Liao Fangbo states that Chinese-English translation is one of the significant ways to convey the Chinese traditional culture to the world in his work On the Chinese-English Translation of Expressions in the TV Drama Legend of Zhen Huan. Yi Yu presented a study about Legend of Zhen Huan from Functional Translation Theory. He holds that Legend of Zhen Huan should be analyzed with the translation theory in order to bridge the cultural gap between the West and the East. His paper mainly explores translation method and behavior from the aspects of language function, dimension and emphasis. Some scholar holds that domestication needs to change the syntactical structure. But according to Lawrence Venuti, domestication refers to all the forms of change in order to make the translating contents more understandable and familiar to the target language readers. Whats more, in the USA, domestication strategy once dominated the field of translation. The supporters think that the translated content reads as if it was originally written in the target language.Lawrence Venuti uses the term domestication in his work The Translators Invisibility：A History of Translation. Domestication is: “adopts a transparent, fluent style to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for TL readers as accustomed to fluent translations that invisibly inscribe foreign texts with TL values and provide readers with the narcissistic experience to recognizing their own culture” (Venuti, 1995: 15). The term is based on the German theologian and philosopher Friedrich Schleiermachers academic speech On the Different Methods of Translation delivered at the Germany Royal Academy of Sciences in 1813. Venuti pointed that domesticating method is as far as possible not to disturb the reader, and let the author to understand readers. That is to say, in the target language or the reader oriented way to express and convey the original content. Another important scholar of the domestication school is Peter Newmark. He believes that domestication helps the translator to achieve the effect for the target reader as the source reader (Nida，2001:79).Taken the title translation as an example, in Legend of Zhen Huan, Zhen has to learn to survive on her own, sometimes by unscrupulous methods. With her wits and talents, Zhen fights her way through and wins the emperors affection, ultimately becomes the most powerful concubine in the imperial palace and ascends to unparalleled glory and wealth. So the play mainly describes the legendary experience of Zhens life and the translation “Legend” totally complies with the requirements. However, most of the perspectives are limited to a few conversations, and no comprehensive study has been made from the perspective of domestication. But since Qing Dynasty, nearly one hundred years, most excellent translators take delight in talking about the domestication methods from the perspective of literary translation. Yan Fu, Lin Shu and Yang Bi are all the representatives, who are still widely circulated, and appreciated by the translation critics. The most brilliant views towards domestication are Fu Leis resemblance in spirit in the 1950s and Qian Zhongshus “sublimation” in the 1960s. Their translated works are very natural and fluent. Fu believes that “the ideal translation should sound as if it were written by the ST writer in Chinese. In 1987, Liu Yingkais article named Domestication; the Wrong Track in Translation started a new round of dispute on domestication. Many Chinese translators stand by their own views towards this dispute. An Introduction to Contemporary Western Translation Theories written by Han Jianghong gives a brief introduction about domestication in the West, which helps Chinese know more about the theory. Zhu Anbo published a book named Domestication and Foreignization which introduces the theory in Chinese and gives people details about domestication. Domestication has received increasing attentions from domestic and foreign scholars. Studies at home and abroad contribute greatly to studies of domestication on English literary works. As to Legend of Zhen Huan, most studies are focused on Zhen Huans language style and its female image. However, few are from perspectives of domestication. For such considerations, the present study makes an exploration in elaborating subtitle translation of Legend of Zhen Huan under domesticationHarvy, Keith. Compensation. Mona Baker Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. London and New York: Routledge,1998Newmark, Peter. Approach to Translation .Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001Nida, Eugene. A. Language, Culture and Translating . Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1993 Nida, Eugene . Language and Culture: Context in Translating. Shanghai Foreign Education Press, 1993. Venuti, Lawrence. The Translators Invisibility: A History of Translation. London: Routledge, 1995Venuti, Lawrence. Strategies of Translation . In Baker, M. (ed.) Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. London and New York: Routledge,2001.朱安博（Zhu Anbo）.规化与异化：中国文学翻译研究的百年流变M.科学出版社,2009.易宇( Yi Y u ). 功能翻译理论视角下的甄嬛传海外版翻译解析J.重庆邮电大学学报,2013,(4):116-119.廖方波( Liao Fangbo ).甄嬛传影视用语汉英翻译初探J.福建教育学院学报, 2013,(1):96-98.康莉( Kang Li ).从甄嬛体热看网络文学对古典文学的靠近及其自身的缺失J牡丹江教育学院学报,2012, (6):2保定学院本科毕业论文（设计） 题目: 归化下的归化下的甄嬛传甄嬛传字幕英译字幕英译系 （部） 外语系外语系 学科门类 文学文学 专 业 英语英语 学 号 120814427120814427 姓 名 许润敏许润敏 指导教师 苏丽苏丽 职 称 讲师讲师 2016 年 05 月 09 日 SUBTITLE TRANSLATION OF LEGEND OF ZHEN HUAN UNDER DOMESTICATIONA ThesisSubmitted in Partial Fulfillment ofthe Requirements for the Degree ofBachelor of ArtsWritten by: Xu RunminSupervised by: Su LiForeign Languages DepartmentBaoding UniversityMay 09, 2016摘 要归化下的甄嬛传字幕英译摘 要电视剧甄嬛传自开播以来就受到社会各界的广泛关注。作为中国近年来最受关注的电视剧之一，它引起了很多专家学者的研究兴趣。之前关于甄嬛传的研究主要是在医药学、语言学、文学等相关领域。至于归化下字幕翻译方面的研究，就只有少量的词汇被提及。本篇论文主要从归化翻译角度出发研究甄嬛传字幕翻译，并通过阐述其在名称、诗歌习语、习俗礼仪翻译方面的归化，旨在完成以下两个目标：第一，尝试从归化理论角度中发掘甄嬛传字幕中的深层含义，以弥补其在文学理解层面的不足，让外国的观众能够更好的理解中华文明。第二，通过探寻归化翻译理论下的甄嬛传字幕翻译，发掘其在文化交流方面所造成的影响。关键词关键词： 甄嬛传 归化 字幕翻译AbstractSubtitle Translation of Legend of Zhen Huan under DomesticationAbstractLegend of Zhen Huan has caused great concern since its broadcast. As one of the hottest TV plays in China, it has attracted a large number of specialists. Previous researches mainly focused on Medical Science, Linguistics, and Literature etc. But when it comes to the subtitle translation from the perspective of domestication, just a few dialogues have been mentioned. Therefore, this thesis, revolving the study of Legend of Zhen Huan under domestication, which includes domestication in names, poems, idioms, courtesies and customs, aims to achieve two objectives: firstly, try to analyze the hidden meaning of the play so that the foreign audiences can understand the cultures from China better, secondly, try to prove the effects that domestication caused, not only in the translation of TV plays, but even in culture exchanges.Key words: Legend of Zhen Huan domestication subtitle translationContentsContents1 Introduction 12 Literature review22.1 Previous studies at home 22.2 Previous studies at abroad 33 Domestication of names in Legend of Zhen Huan 43.1 Domestication of official names53.2 Domestication of palaces names63.3 Domestication of concubines names 64 Domestication of poems and idioms in Legend of Zhen Huan74.1 Domestication of poems74.2 Domestication of idioms85 Domestication of courtesies and customs in Legend of Zhen Huan95.1 Domestication of courtesies105.2 Domestication of customs 106 Conclusion11Works Cited13Acknowledgments15保定学院 2016 届毕业论文（设计）11 IntroductionDirected by Zheng Xiaoping and starring Sun Li and Chen Jianbin, Legend of Zhen Huan is known as one of the best historical TV plays in the Chinese mainland in recent years. The TV plays show a pure and innocent 17-year-old girl Zhen Huan, who is chosen for the emperors harem. And after entering the palace, she finds herself caught in the fierce infighting between the empress and the concubines. After Zhen imposing on several tricks, she understands that she is just the substitute of Empress Chun Yuan in the heart of the emperor. She feels very disappointed and hopeless so she tries to bind up her broken heart in Ganlu Temple. But in order to rescue her family from disaster, she returns to the palace and again involves herself in the fierce fights in the royal palace. At last, she becomes a thundering person full of wiles in the political arena. It seems that Zhen gets everything, but in fact, she loses everything.Since shown on TV, Legend of Zhen Huan has drawn great attention, and has been studied by researchers from various fields, such as Medical Science, Linguistics, Literature. However, when it comes to the subtitle translation from the perspective of domestication, there are just a few dialogues been mentioned. In addition to the Chinese mainland, where Legend of Zhen Huan earned a 10 percent share of the TV-watching audience in its time slot, the show has drawn big audiences in Singapore, Malaysia and Taiwan. In order to make the lines localized, the translation usually does not obey orthodox translation rules, and various stylistic languages and culture in English including dialects can make the plays flexible. The cultural elements in Legend of Zhen Huan contain very large number of China characteristics, so the foreign audiences are very difficult to understand its true meaning in a short period. Taken into account the subtitle translation has the limitation of time and space, it is necessary to adopt the translation strategy of domestication, which makes the plots understood by foreign people. Only by the objective as well as comprehensive horizontal comparison between the Chinese and western translation theory systems can their characteristics be easily known. Michel Foucaults translation theories are simply put in book The Order of Things, he believes that: Subtitle Translation of Legend of Zhen Huan under Domestication2There are translations that hurl one language against . taking the original text for a projectile and treating the translating language like a target. Their task is not to lead a meaning back to itself or anywhere else; but to use the translated language to derail the translating language.（Foucault 30)Domestication can be used in subtitle translation and make culture exchanges more convenient. So this paper does some studies on the Legend of Zhen Huan under domestication.In order to make domestication of subtitle translation in Legend of Zhen Huan render clearly and completely, this thesis consists of six parts. First, a brief introduction about this thesis includes the significance of the paper, the main contents and the purpose, and a brief introduction of Legend of Zhen Huan. And then it gives the literature review, which mainly presents some foreign and domestic studies on domestication and the play. Whats more, examples of the domestication used in Legend of Zhen Huan are listed in 3-5 part of the thesis, which includes domestication in names, poems, idioms, courtesies and customs. Last, the results and findings are given in the conclusion. The purpose of this paper is to provide a better understanding about translating Chinese TV plays and China from the view of the target language audiences. It reveals the veiled essence of some subtitle translation, trying to explore the latent meaning of the works and catch more culture differences, so that they can exchange culture from deeper studies. Whats more, it may do a lot to make sure that the foreign people can get excellent Chinese culture.2 Literature reviewIn this chapter, it summarizes some of researches about domestication. Meanwhile, some previous studies about Legend of Zhen Huan are briefly listed. 2.1 Previous studies at homeSince the broadcast of Legend of Zhen Huan, the mounting attention has been paid to the study of it from various perspectives. Investigators mainly focus on three aspects: Zhen Huans language style and its translation; Zhen Huans literary and cultural implications; and the female image of Zhen Huan. Researches often focus on comparing Zhen Huan with other females in 保定学院 2016 届毕业论文（设计）3other outstanding literary works. For example, Kang Li proposes that Zhen Huans speech style demonstrates plenty of similarities to that of the characters in A Dream of Red Mansions.Legend of Zhen Huan has been translated into several languages. Liao Fangbo states that Chinese-English translation is one of the significant ways to convey the Chinese traditional culture to the world in his work On the Chinese-English Translation of Expressions in the TV Drama Legend of Zhen Huan. ( Liao 96 ) Yi Yu presents a study about Legend of Zhen Huan from “Functional Equivalence Theory”. He holds that Legend of Zhen Huan should be analyzed with the translation theory in order to bridge the cultural gap between the West and the East. His paper mainly explores translation method and behavior from the aspects of language function, dimension and emphasis.( Y i 116 ) However, most of the perspectives are limited to a few conversations, and few comprehensive studies be made from the perspective of domestication. Since the Qing Dynasty, nearly one hundred years, most excellent translators has taken delight in talking about the domestication method from the perspective of literary translation. Yan Fu, Lin Shu and Yang Bi are all the representatives, who are still widely circulated, and appreciated by the translation critic. The most brilliant views toward domestication are Fu Leis resemblance in spirit in the 1950s and Qian Zhongshus “sublimation” in the 1960s. Their translated works are very natural and fluent. Fu believes that “the ideal translation should sound as if it were written by the ST writer in Chinese.( Fu 124 ) In 1987, Liu Yingkais article named Domestication; the Wrong Track in Translation started a new round of dispute on domestication. Many Chinese translators stand by their own views towards this dispute. An Introduction to Contemporary Western Translation Theories written by Han Jianghong gives a brief introduction about domestication in the West, which helps Chinese know more about the theory. Zhu Anbo published a book named Domestication and Foreignization which introduces the theory in Chinese and gives people details about domestication. 2.2 Previous studies at abroad Some scholar holds that domestication needs to change the syntactical structure. But according to Lawrence Venuti, domestication refers to all the forms of change in order to make the translating contents more understandable and familiar to the target language readers. Whats Subtitle Translation of Legend of Zhen Huan under Domestication4more, in the USA, domestication strategy once dominated the field of translation. The supporters conveyed that the translated content reads as if it was originally written in the target language.Lawrence Venuti uses the term domestication in his work The Translators Invisibility：A History of Translation. Domestication is: “adopts a transparent, fluent style to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for TL readers as accustomed to fluent translations that invisibly inscribe foreign texts with TL values and provide readers with the narcissistic experience to recognizing their own culture” (Venuti 15). The term is based on the German theologian and philosopher Friedrich Schleiermachers academic speech On the Different Methods of Translation delivered at the Germany Royal Academy of Sciences in 1813. Venuti pointed that domesticating method is as far as possible not to disturb the reader, and let the author to understand readers. That is to say, in the target language or the reader oriented way to express and convey the original content. Another important scholar of the domestication school is Peter Newmark. He believes that domestication helps the translator to achieve the effect for the target reader as the source reader (Nida 79).Taken the title translation as an example, in Legend of Zhen Huan, Zhen has to learn to survive on her own, sometimes by unscrupulous methods. With her wits and talents, Zhen fights her way through and wins the emperors affection, ultimately becomes the most powerful concubine in the imperial palace and ascends to unparalleled glory and wealth. So the play mainly describes the legendary experience of Zhens life and the translation “Legend” totally complies with the requirements. Domestication has received increasing attention from domestic and foreign scholars. Studies at home and abroad contribute greatly to studies of domestication on English literary works. As to Legend of Zhen Huan, most studies focus on Zhen Huan language style and its female image. However, few are from perspectives of domestication. For such considerations, the present study makes an exploration in elaborating subtitle translation of Legend of Zhen Huan under domestication. 3 Domestication of names in Legend of Zhen HuanThe cultural elements in Legend of Zhen Huan contain very large number of China characteristics. In order to make English speakers understand the difficult Chinese lines, the 保定学院 2016 届毕业论文（设计）5translator uses lots of dialects to make up the loss of source texts meaning.3.1 Domestication of official names In Legend of Zhen Huan, several official names appeared and are translated into American style, thus they can convey the strict hierarchy of China in their way. When it comes to domestication “The translator who attaches himself closely to his original more or less abandons the originality of his nation, and so a third comes into existence, and the taste of the multitude must first be shaped towards it”(Venuti 19-20). The translator mainly concerns the local culture when translating the lines of Legend of Zhen Huan. Take the official names as examples, “大理寺少卿” is translated as “Deputy Chief of the Grand Court of Review”, which may not convey the original culture in China, but the translation expresses the function of the official and the main job contents of the person do. It has already shown the complete superficial meaning of the word. Whats more, “嘉兴知府” is translated as “Jia Xing County”. The translation shows the areas that the official administered. In this way, the native speakers may know the superficial meaning, and they may fully understand the majority meaning of the status. Through the domestication method people can discover the same or some similar words as well as expressions with the original words and expressions. It helps readers to read the works or watch the TV plays freely.In spite of those advantages, domestication can help local person appreciate the resemblance that different languages happen to hold, and at the same time it also helps readers reduce the difficulty when reading. In Legend of Zhen Huan “济州协领” is translated as “colonel of Ji Zhou Garrison”, “garrison ” is one who governs the army, in China the official not only charge the army but the politics. “Colonel” is also the word used in troops. So the translation adapts to the local culture, and its easy to understand for the local people and have changed part of the cultural function, so the domestication is used here. “包衣佐领” is a official that works for the royalty, it is translated as Captain of Imperial Guard. This attaches the word closely to the original, moreover, the word “imperial” uses here help Americans understand the guide of the official. Through domestication of these official names, people can catch the main function of every job, and express the touch with traditional Chinese strict hierarchy to some extent.Subtitle Translation of Legend of Zhen Huan under Domestication63.2 Domestication of palaces names Domestication method always uses the words and expressions that have the same frequency usage with source words and expressions, but people may use some words and expressions with certain cultural color for translating the primitive words and expressions generally. It often puts aside the words and images of the original text and holds the pragmatic meaning, so it selects the similar expressions with the primitive pragmatic meaning from the target language. The method of domestication helps people enjoy what the different languages happen to hold together.Legend of Zhen Huan shows a story happens in the Forbidden City, where different palaces share different names. “翊坤宫”, “碎玉轩”, “存菊堂” are the names of the palaces the main characters live, in Chinese they means “Yi Kun palace”, “Sui Yu Pavilion”, “Cun Ju Hall”. While translating these different palaces, the translators use different words to show the different scales of them, so it helps people enjoy the plays in their own understandings. It puts aside the words and images of the original text and holds the pragmatic meaning together. In Legend of Zhen Huan, the translator pays much attention on domestication. The place Zhen Huan lives is “碎玉轩” and is translated into “Suiyu Pavilion” In China “Suiyu” mainly share four meanings, one of it means falling flowers, and hint the tragedy fate of the woman. The American version expresses that it is a house to live, and just state the superficial meaning. Literature is just a predominantly bourgeois art, but it is small part of this section of the community, so when translating TV plays, the most important thing is understandable.3.3 Domestication of concubines names In the book Domesticating and Foreignization, Zhu Anbo describes that domestication mainly uses the native countries words to translate the original works. For example, literature, imagery, imagination, style, structure, form, empathy, taste, satire, plot, feigning, tone. (Zhu 215)In western world, there is no concubine system, so most of the concubines names translated according to their position in the palace in Legend of Zhen Huan. “华妃” is translated as “Consort Hua”. It means the mate of the emperor. Compared with “菀常在” which translates as “Attendant Wan”, the consort shows her higher potion. “Attendant” means the servant, actually “Attendant” (常在) in the palace stays at the lower place. And this can explain why “贵保定学院 2016 届毕业论文（设计）7人”is translated as “Lady”. In this way, the spectator can know the main meaning from the plots.However, some words like “Empress” (皇后) both appeared in the West and the East, while comes to these words, the translator can only do the word from their own literature. It is well known that there is no equivalence between two different cultures, and even two words, always the more explanation a translator makes, the more clearly audiences understand the target text. But considering the constraints of limited time and space, a translator should be aware that brevity is of great importance as well. So it is necessary to use domestication strategy.Subtitle translation has several constraints. And the most important thing is that it should be understandable in short period for most of the audience. Domestication is the translation strategy in which a transparent, fluent style is adopted in order to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for target language readers. (Venuti 23)4 Domestication of poems and idioms in Legend of Zhen HuanChinese poems and idioms have a long history and the contrast between the traditional culture in the West and the East is so great, so its difficult for the translators to convey the whole meanings of them. Only when the diverse cultures exchanges do not like the deeds of reading a book insensibly, can they reach the aims of good communication. Therefore, domestication is the inevitable way for translation.4.1 Domestication of poems The famous American translator Lefevere describes two key factors of translation in his book Translation, Rewriting, and the Literary Fame-ideology and Poetics. In Legend of Zhen Huan, substantial outstanding traditional Chinese cultures were revealed for the world, and of course as the elites the poems have played an important role. Then to make them understandable for the native English speakers, it is a burdensome work. So here, the sapient translators use the domestication methods to make the plays comprehensive. Zhen Huan, as a pure girl when she first comes to the palace, just wants to find true love and lived a simple life. She makes the wish “愿得一人心，白首不相离。 ” The poem is translated like this, “To capture the heart of my fated lover, and cling together till our hair turn gray”. As its shown, the sentence utilizes domestication very well. In western world, people love Subtitle Translation of Legend of Zhen Huan under Domestication8to use fated lover to express the one they want to live together, so this translation integrates the American culture and makes the poems graceful for native people, the word “gray” to express one who is old in English. As it is well known that people use the word “white” to convey the meaning of people who is old in China.When the main character Zhen Huan grows old, she recalls the memories and said “年年岁岁花相似，岁岁年年人不同。 ” to express the feelings with the new comers. This line is translated as “Each year and every year the blossoms return new, each year and every year the bloom of the youth does not”. This translation is rhymed and remained the character of poem. However, the translation uses the different words from the original poem. In the original poem, the lines have not mentioned “youth”, but as a Chinese, people can understand that here it means the youth. Whats more, although it does not use verb to express the flower, and in the translation the word “blossom” is used in the western world to convey the blossom of flowers. The translator has shown correctly about the key meaning of the play. When it comes to domestication, it selects the similar expressions with the primitive pragmatic meaning from the target language. The sentence selects some similar words that close to the local culture but not the words that have the same meaning, in that way the audiences can understand the plays according to their thoughts. Keith Harvy has mention in his text Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies: “Compensation is a technique which involves making up for the loss of a source text effect by recreating a similar effect in the target text through means that are specific to the target language and/or text” (Harvy 37).“宁可枝头抱香死，不曾吹落北风中。” is translated as “They would rather die on the branch, retaining their scent than be scattered on the cold wind”. The word “北风” is translated as “cold wind, because the north wind in China was cold, the translator used the word “cold” to show the meaning clearly and directly. In addition, the translation is not rhymed, but pays the attention on the meaning and the target culture, used the special technique to reduced the loss of source text.4.2 Domestication of idioms Peter Newmark refers “Compensation is said to occur when loss of meaning, sound effect, metaphor or pragmatic effect in one part of a sentence is compensated in another, or in a 保定学院 2016 届毕业论文（设计）9contiguous”(Newmark 90). in Approach to Translation to express one aspect of domestication methods. In addition, it adapts to idioms translation. In Chinese TV plays, especially the plays about ancient China, the lines always contain many consecutive idioms. As the idioms in Legend of Zhen Huan, “忠心耿耿”, “绝无二心”. When seeing the translation of the second “without a second heart”, people may feel confused, but with the former one “To be loyal to you without a second heart”, the American can get the idea though the translator uses different words.Domestication is to transform characteristic ingredients into a kind of culture to some extent that people are familiar with in another culture. The external conditions such as ecological environment that people rely on are somewhat similar. Moreover, the same cognition experiences make some idioms are identical no matter in forms or in semantics. Under the circumstance, two different kinds of languages can completely translated. That is to say, idioms of some languages can translate straight into idioms of another language. English idiom “endowed with civil and martial virtues” and Chinese idiom “文武双全” belong to the above. These two idioms are the same both in meaning and in image. In domestication, it eliminates barriers in cognition and understanding, it also mitigates the conflicts between the two different cultures. For example, the Chinese idiom “国色天香” can be translated into the English idiom “Beauty as nation”. These two words look like similar, but they are not equal with each other actually. This English idiom not only expresses the meaning “the girl is very beautiful”, but also reflects that the cultural custom that western people are accustomed to solving dispute through direct way. 5 Domestication of courtesies and customs in Legend of Zhen HuanWith the ever-growing frequency of international exchange, understanding others culture is in demand. The differences between Chinese and English not only lie in sound, vocabulary or sentence structure, but also more significantly in distinct cultural features, like courtesies and customs. Domestication is a major translation strategy applied to solve the cultural conflicts between the source and the target language. Against the background of the information society, people hope earnestly to know more about foreign culture because there are different languages and cultural features in different parts of the world. Subtitle Translation of Legend of Zhen Huan under Domestication105.1 Domestication of courtesies In Legend of Zhen Huan, which reflects the life of Qing Dynasty, the courtesies are indispensable. However, courtesies differ from country to country, especially the two countries from the West and the East respectively. The ancient China was famous for its courtesies. Verbal courtesies are mainly described here from the perspective of domestication translation. Translation is an important and indispensable medium of cross linguistic and cultural communication, and it is absolutely necessary and consequent to adapt domestication.As the most common greeting courtesies,“皇后娘娘万福金安” is translated as “May blessings and peace be with you, my lady”. “Blessing” is a word origined from“Gods blessing” and the wish to get lucky. Additionally, it has another meaning of praising God. So it adds the western culture to the lines. And also when the western people give benedictions, they often use the word “peace”. This line chooses every word nearly different from the Chinese version. However, it has made the courtesies understandable by the audiences. Domestication means removing all the strangeness of the source text and makes the translation read like the original. Here the translation removes the strangeness. The idiom “如意吉祥” is translated as “May you enjoy happiness and good fortune”. The word “如意” in Chinese means the best wishes can come true. So it is reasonable to be translated as “happiness”, and the word “吉祥” get nearly the same meaning as “good fortune”. “May you enjoy long life, health, and peace” is the translation of “万岁安康”. In the West, there are no impression of “万岁”, people often gives their wishes as “long life”, and the “health” conveys the meaning of “安康”，but the translator use domestication method to add up “peace”, so that the target languages were used to express the original meaning. 5.2 Domestication of customs Nida points out once one requirement to translation texts is that the mode and style should be smooth, natural, and spontaneous. In that way they can be easily understood and accepted by readers and audiences of target language without misunderstandings that caused by cultural differences. Additionally, he hold the view that from the perspective of communication, one of the purposes of translation is to let cross cultural communication effective as well as successful.Qing Dynasty is well-known for its customs, too. In the beginning of Legend of Zhen Huan, 保定学院 2016 届毕业论文（设计）11the main character Zhen Huan gives a dancing show, which makes her more spoiled. “惊鸿舞” is translated into “Flying wild goose”. Because domestication “leaves the reader in peace, as much as possible, and moves the author towards him” (Venuti 19). This translation uses the word “goose” to express the word not appears in the West and coordinates the ideas of different countries.“信女”is translated as “pious girl”, which selects another word to express the meaning and reaches the aims of domesticating.The emperors selected girls as wives in ancient, “举行三年一选秀” is translated as “Held auditions to fill the Imperial Harem every three years”. In America there is no custom of “选秀” and the word “audition” means have an interview. The domestication helps the audiences catch the main meaning. Lawrence Venuti has mentioned that an ethnocentric reduction of the foreign text to the target-language cultural values, bringing the author back home. In the translation of customs, the foreign culture and text have occupied the main position.6 ConclusionNowadays in the trend of economic globalization, Chinese TV plays are expected not only to occupy more shares in the global film market, but also hold the important mission of China culture propaganda. In order to make the foreign audience enjoy the culture from China, the subtitle translation has become the most important means of communication. Subtitle translation in communication of different cultures strengthens links between people and plays a very important role. And it is necessary to adapt domestication translation to make Chinese TV plays understandable.This thesis has discussed and analyzed the subtitle translation of Legend of Zhen Huan from the perspective of domestication. And in this part a short conclusion will be drawn to make the topic clear and more comprehensive. Whats more, the significance of this paper and some limitations are provided. At last, some suggestions on domestication translation are presented.In the whole thesis, a comparatively detailed study on the domestication in TV plays translation is conducted. It presented a rough background of the theory at first. And then, some previous studies about Legend of Zhen Huan and domestication are listed in the literature review. Next, the utilization of domestication in the play, example are excerpted from the conversations involving Legend of Zhen Huan are analyzed in this paper with the improved theoretical Subtitle Translation of Legend of Zhen Huan under Domestication12frameworks. Three aspects of the domestication are attached great importance after the analysis: domestication of names in Legend of Zhen Huan; domestication of poems and idioms in Legend of Zhen Huan; domestication of courtesies and customs in Legend of Zhen Huan. Last but not least, the significance of this paper and some limitations are provided.To sum up the analyses, there are several findings. The translation of names is a big obstacle for spreading Chinese classical palace TV plays. That is, the limitation of translatability. And culture is the most influential element determining the translatability o
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