人教版英语总复习中考题型课件：短文填词.ppt

英语,短文填词,1命题特点短文填词是一种新型的中考题型，在许多中考试卷中已经占有了一个重要的位置。短文填词的特点与完形填空的特点差不多，即在一篇短文中留出10个空白，要求学生在正确理解和把握文章大意的基础上根据上、下文的逻辑关系来填写空缺单词，它是考查学生综合运用英语能力的一种有效方法，不仅能比较准确地考查学生的各项知识水平，而且也能培养和提高学生综合运用英语的能力。2考查形式短文填词通常有四种考查形式：第一种是方框选词型，第二种是首字母提示型，第三种是无首字母提示型，第四种是根据汉语写单词型。,1从文章整体出发要填的单词只有在具体的语言环境中才能确定，因此首先要掌握文章大意，才能正确理解空缺词在句子中的意义，从而作出合理的选择。2从语法结构考虑一般的空缺词都可以通过其所在句子的句型结构和句法成分来判断出其词性，这样可以缩小空缺词的选择范围，提高选词的准确率。3从文章的前后联系确定词的形式确定了空缺外单词的词性后，还要借助上、下文确定出它的适当形式。若空缺处需要填写动词，那么就要考虑动词的语态、时态等；若空缺处需要填写形容词，那么就要考虑形容词的比较级、最高级及固定句式等。4通读全文，验证答案填完所有单词后，不可孤立地逐个词检查，而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容，读起来是否流畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等，发现问题及时纠正。,【体验中考】(一)方框选词型A(2014，随州)dogoodintryworkcomfortablealsonoisereporttheyIntodaysworld，notallpeopleknownoiseisalsoakindofpollutionandisharmfultohumanshealth.Peoplewhoworkandlivein_1_conditionsgodeafeasily.Forexample，manyofthe_2_whoprintnewspapersandbooksgodeaf.Quiteafewpeoplelivingnearairports_3_havehearingloss.Recently,itis_4_thatmanyteenagersinAmericacanhearno_5_than65yearoldpeopledo，becausetheseyoungpeoplealwayslistentoloudpopmusic.Makingaloudnoise_6_isalsoakindofpollution.Itnotonlydisturbsothersbutalso_7_greatharmtopeopleshearing.Carsandmachinesalsoproducetoomuchnoise.Suchpollutionmakespeoplefeel_8_andunpleasant，anditevencause_9_tobecomedeaf.Nowadays，manycountriesare_10_tosolveallsortsofenvironmentalproblems，includingnoisepollution.,1noisy2.workers3.also4reported5.better6.in7does8.uncomfortable9.them10trying,B(2014，陕西)lookyearchangedeephomecoldcanworktakefatherEveryday,onherwaytowork,Ameliahadtopassaslum(贫民窟)Asasocial_1_，shehadnotpaidmuchattentiontoit.This_2_onedaywhenshemetaragged(衣衫褴褛的)boynamedSam.Samknewshewastheheadofsocialservices,andthatshe_3_help.Hereachedouthishandandsaid,“Canyouhelpme？Im_4_formydad.”Hishandswereso_5_Ameliasaid,“Whatsup？”“Mymomisterriblysick.Herbirthdayiscoming.Iknowmy_6_comingbackwouldbethebestpresent.MydadhadleftusbeforeIwastwo_7_old，”saidtheboy.Ameliawas_8_movedandaskedSamtotakehertohishome.Heledhertoasmallhouse.Ameliasawawomanlyingonthebed.Thewomanknewshewasdying.ShesaidtoAmelia,“Pleasefinda_9_formyson.”Amelia_10_herhandandnoddedwithtears(眼泪)Shegotanidea!Herhusbandandshehadnochildren,andlookingforwardtohavingone.LaterAmeliabroughtSamhome.Eversincethen,thenewfamilyhavehadhappinessandlaughter.,1worker2.changed3.could4looking5.cold6.fathers7years8.deeply9.home10took,C(2014，达州)vegetableithealthylongbeautywillarguebecomesymbolwithOncetherewasan_1_betweenthecolors.Eachcolorthoughtitwasthebestandmostimportant.Soeachcolorlookeddownuponothers.Herearetheirdebates.Greensaid：“ClearlyIamthemostimportant.Iamthe_2_oflifeandhope.Imthecolorofgrass,treesandleaves._3_me,allanimalswoulddie.”Yellowlaughed：“Ibringhappinessandwarmthintotheworld.Everytimepeoplelookatayellowsunflower,theystarttosmile.Withoutmethere_4_benofun.”Orangeshouted：“Iamthecolorof_5_andstrength.Ihavethemostimportantvitamins(维生素)Thinkofcarrots，_6_andoranges.WhenIappearinthesky,everyoneisshockedatmybeautyandnobodygivesanotherthoughttoanyofyou.”Redcouldno_7_standit,“Iamthecolorofdangerandbravery.Iamwillingtofightforacause.Ibringfireintotheblood.”Theirvoices_8_louderandlouder.Thethunder(雷)gotangryandtherainstartedtopour.Whentheybecamecalm,therainsaid,“Youfoolishcolors.Dontyouknowthateachofyouisunique(独一无二)?Ifyoudontagree,justfollowme.”Theydidastheraintold_9_andtogethermadethemost_10_rainbow.,1argument2.symbol3.Without4would5.health6.vegetables7longer8.became9.them10beautiful,D(2014，河南)usualmistakeresthundredwhatmakealthoughundertheythinkflyhowEverymorning,kidsfromahighschoolareworkinghard.Theyare_1_andsellingspecialcoffeeatacoffeeshop.Theyarealsomakingalotofmoney.Thesestudentscanmakeuptonine_2_dollarsaday.Theyaresellingtheirspecialcoffeetoairplanepassengers.Afterthestudentsgetpaid,the_3_ofthemoneygoestoalocalyouthproject.ThesehighschoolstudentsuseaspaceintheOaklandairport.Itis_4_verycrowded.Manypeoplewho_5_ontheplanesliketodrinkthespecialcoffee.Onecustomer_6_thatthecoffeecostsalotbutitisgoodandworthit.Mostcustomersarepleasantbutsomeareunhappy._7_donotlikeitifthecoffeeshopisnotopenforbusiness.Thestudentsearn$6.10anhour.Theyalsogetschoolcreditwhiletheylearn_8_torunabusiness.Manyofthestudentsenjoythework_9_ittooksometimetolearnhowtodoit.Theyhavetolearnhowtoheatmilk,loadthepots,andaddflavor.Ittakessomeskillandsometimes_10_aremade.Themostcommonmistakeisforgettingtoaddthecoffee.,1making2.hundred3.rest4usually5.fly6.thinks7They8.how9.although10mistakes,(二)首字母提示型A(2014，南京)Inthe1930s,DanWestwasfarminginSpain.Itwaswartime,andpeoplewerestarving(挨饿)An1.ideahithimashehandedoutcupsofmilktochildren.“Thesechildrendontneedacup.Theyneedacow.”Thiswasthe2.beginningofHeiferInternational.HeiferInternationalgivesdifferent3.kindsofgifts.Itsgiftsmightsay“quack”or“moo”.DanWestaskedfriendsintheUnitedStatestogivegiftsofheifers(小母牛),oryoungcows.4.Sincethen,HeiferInternationalhasgivenanimalstofourmillionfamilies.Itgivespeoplethechanceto5.feedthemselves.HeiferInternationalwantsthepeopletheyhelptohelpothers.Foroneproject,thegroup6.sentchickenstosomechildreninAsia.Thechildrenyearnedfor(向往)thedaywhentheycouldhelpothers.NineyearoldJulieknewshehadtolookafterherchickens7.wellsotheywouldproduceneweggsandhealthychicks.She8.tookgoodcareofthem,andtheygavebirthtostrong,healthychicks.Juliethenpassedonthegiftofchickstootherfamilies.BecauseofHeiferInternational,childrencan9.spendtheirdaysinaschoolhouseinsteadofworkinginthefields.Theycanusethemoneytheyearnfromtheiranimalstopayforschool.HeiferInternationalhasmadeahuge10.differencetopeopleslivesformanyyears.PeopleshouldbegratefultoakindheartedfarmernamedDanWest.,B(2014，武汉)MariaVasandherdogwalkeddownthehallofthenursinghomeandstoppedinfrontoftheoldladywithanurseatherside.“Wouldsheliketo1.seemydog？”Mariaasked.“No,avisitwont2.helpher，”saidthenurse.“Thenshe3.explainedthattheladywastoosicktoappreciatevisitors.ButMariadecidedtotryanyway.Shehaddoneresearchonanimalassistingtherapy(辅助疗法)for10years.Andshewasverysuccessfulinthis4.area.Shedseeneventhesickestpatientsenjoyavisitfromalovelydog.Mariacarriedthedogovertotheoldlady.Immediately,thewoman5.reachedouttowardthedog!Shewasso6.pleasedthatshebegansmilingandtryingtotalk.Thenursestoodaside,7.watchingtheminamazement.Thiswomanhadnevercommunicatedwithanyone.Itwaslikeshewasnteven8.aliveuntilthedogcametovisit.Aroundtheworldsickadultsand9.childrenfilllonelyhospitalrooms.Theymayhaveanillnessorneedtobe10.caredfor.Adogsfriendlyeyesandwarmpaws(爪子)maybejustwhatthedoctororderedtoencouragethemandhelpthemheal(治愈),C(2014，扬州)Oncetherewasalovelyvegetablefieldwithaverybigtreeinit.Boththevegetablesandthe1.treemadethegardenlookwonderful.Nooneknewthatthevegetablesinthefieldandthetreecouldntgetonwellwitheachother.Thevegetables2.hatedthetree.Theythoughtthetreedidnotleavethem3.enoughlighttosurvive.Ontheotherhand,thetreehatedthevegetables.Hecomplainedthatthevegetablesdranknearlyallthewater4.beforeitcouldgettohim.Thesituationbecameworseandworse.Oneday,thevegetablesgotangryanddecidedtouseupallthe5.waterinthegroundsothatthetreewoulddryup.Thetreefoughtbackbyrefusingtogivethevegetablesshade(树荫)fromthehotsun.Soontheybothbegantodryup.Neitherofthemthoughtthatthegardenerwouldstopwateringhisvegetable6.fieldwhenhesawitbecomingworse.Whenthegardenerdidthat,thetreeandthevegetablesreallyfelthow7.thirstytheywere.Thereseemedtobenowaystosolvetheproblem,butoneofthevegetables,asmallpumpkin8.realizedwhatwasgoingon,anddecidedtodealwithit.Thoughtherewaslittlewateranditwastoohot,thelittlepumpkindidallhecouldtogrow.9.Finallyhegrowverybig,thegardenernoticedthatandstartedwateringthefieldagainbecausehewantedtowinthebeautifulbigpumpkincompetition.Atthesametime,thetreeandthevegetablesgrewbetter.Theyrealizedthatitwasbettertohelpeachotherthanto10.fight.Fromthenon,theyworkedtogetherandlivedinharmonywiththesearoundthem.,D(2014，德州)Robertwasacleverboyandgotonwellwithhisclassmates.Theyalllikedhimandplayedwithhim.Hehopedtojointhearmywhenheleftthemiddle1.school.Badluck！Oneofhislegswas2.hurtinatrafficaccident.Sohecouldntjointhearmy.Hehadto3.gobacktohisvillageandhelphisfathertomanagethefarm.He4.readalotofbooksonfarminganddidwellinit.Hegotmuchmoneyandboughtafewfarmsnexttohisfarm.Tenyears5.later，hebecametherichestfarmerinhisvillage.Oneday，RobertmetseveralfriendsinLondon.Heaskedthemto6.visithisfarm.Theysawabeautifulhouse7.withabiggardenwhenhisfriendsgothere.Theyfoundhehadalotofsheep，pigsandcows.Robertand8.hisfamilywarmlyservedtheguests.Thenextmorningheshowedthemaroundhisfarm.Itwas9.solargethattheycouldntseetheotherend.“Itll10.takeyoutwodaystoreachtheotherendofmyfarmbycar！”Robertsaidhappily.“Youmustbejoking！Ithinksomethingiswrongwithyourcar！”Oneoftheguestssaidwithasmile.,E(2014，襄阳)WhenIwasyoung，myfamilylivedahardlifeinthecountry.Asyoucan1.imagine，manycountryroadsaredifficulttowalkon.Oneeveningwewerevisitingsomerelativesandtheweatherwasverybad.Itbegantorainonourwaybackhome.Dad2.carriedmeonhisback.Momgavehercoattomybrother.Wewalked3.togetherintherainformorethananhour.IwasfatatthattimeandDadmustbetiredto4.holdmeforsuchalongtime.Healmostfelldownmanytimes.Itriedtogetdownandwalkmyself，butI5.achievednothingsinceIwasjustalittlekid.Whenwearrivedhome，theinsideofourhousewas6.coveredwithrainwater.Therainhadcome7.throughtheleaky(有裂缝的)roofandwaterwaseverywhere.Momputbowlsallaroundthehousetotryto8.catch/collecttherain.Thensheputmeandmyelderbrothertobed，9.carefullyplacingusontheremainingdryplace.Ifellasleepsoon.WhenIopenedmyeyes，IfoundDadandMomweresleepinginchairs，bothhavingcaughta10.seriouscold.Ithappenedmorethantwentyyearsago.AndnowIamamother，too.Icanrememberneitherthe11.beginningnortheend，butwheneverIthinkofit，tearsrundownmyfacefrommyeyesbecauseIfullyunderstandwhattheparentslovemeans.,(三)无提示型A(2014，重庆)Holdingdoorsopenforpeoplebehindyou,pickinguplitter,thankingpeopleTheseactsofkindnessseemvery1.small.ButstudentsatJamesMiddleSchoolknowthatsuchsmallactsmaketheworldabetterplace.EighthgradersfromJamesMiddleSchool,tookpartintheRandomActsofKindnessWeek2.fromMarch31toApril4.Duringtheweek,theytriedtheirbesttodokindthingsforothers.CelesteMurray,anEnglishteacherattheschool,startedtheactivity.Sinceshewaslittle,shehasalwaystriedtodosmallactsofkindnessinherdailylife.“Ibelievetheworldis3.changedbysmallthings，”shetoldthenewspaperTheDailyTimes.Overtheweek,tohersurprise,Murrayalso4.found/saw/discoveredgreatchangesinherclass.Beforethat,shealwaysneededtoaskher5.studentstopushthechairsinorturnoffthelightsbeforetheyleavetheclassroom.Now,thestudentsdothosethingsby6.themselves.“Theteachershavealotofwork，”saidJordon,oneofMurraysstudents.Helearnedtocaremoreaboutothers.Eliza,7.anotherstudent,gaveoutmorepraises(赞扬)toothers.“Itmakesthemfeelhappyandsuccessful，”shesaid.Theactivitymadestudentsfeelthattheycanmakeadifference.Haileydecidestocontinuetodoatleastoneactofkindnesseveryweek,8.howeverbusysheis.Shebelievesheractscouldencourageothers.,(四)根据汉语写单词型A(2014，龙岩)ElaineWuispartofthefirstgeneration(代)ofChinesepianists.BorninShanghai,shebeganpracticingthepianoatthe1.ageofsixwhenshewasfoundtoshowastronginterestinclassicalmusicandthepiano.Oneyearlater,she2.wonthefirstprizeatachildrenspianocompetitioninShanghai.3Afterwinningtheprize,shewentontostudyunderthe4.famous(著名的)ItalianmusicianandpianoeducatorMaestroMarioPaci.Shehadputallherenergyintohermusiccareerinthe5.past(过去)eightyyears.Sheputonperformancesathome6.andabroad.In1962,shewasregarded7.asthenationalfirstclasspianist.In1993,Wuwas8.invited(邀请)toteachpianoinSingapore.Shehasbeenliving9.thereeversince.InAugust2013,her10.second(第二)album,AGenerationofMaster2,cameoutwithfullsupportfromherfans.,B(2014，温州)LionelAndresMessiisoneofthegreatestfootballstarsintheworld.Messiwas1.born(出生)inRosaris,ArgentiaonJune24，1987.Hisfatherwasa2.worker(工人)andmotherwasaparttimecl