2019-2020年小学自然第十册 第四课 启动小车教案 教科版.doc

2019-2020年小学自然第十册 第四课 启动小车教案 教科版【教学目标】1. 通过玩气球，感受反冲力的作用和方向。 2. 经历安装反冲力小车的活动，锻炼动手能力，进一步感受反冲力。 3. 试着解释气球推动小车的原因，启发学生学会分析比较。 【教学重点】通过玩气球、给小车安装反冲力的活动，了解反冲力的作用和反冲力的方向。 【教学难点】1. 试着解释气球推动小车的原因。 2. 启发学生学会分析比较。 【教学准备】1. 每组学生：小车、气球、一根长钓鱼线、两个回形针弯成的小钩、几根棉线。搜集生活中有关应用反冲力的图片。 2. 教师准备：有关喷气式飞机、火箭的图片或影像资料。 【教学过程】一、玩气球，感受反冲力。 1. 教师把气球吹足气后在空中放开，然后让学生说说气球怎么样了。 2. 学生用这种方法玩气球。 3. 讨论：气球怎样运动？我们想什么办法让气球沿一个方向运动呢？ 4. 给出材料让学生设计方法，使气球沿着一个方向运动。 5. 继续讨论：是什么力使气球运动？初步感受反冲力。 二、安装反冲力小车，用气球推动小车。 1. 师：吹足了气的气球松手后能运动，那它能否推动小车运动呢？我们来试一试。 3. 将气球固定在小车上。（先讨论如何固定，应该注意的问题，可以看课本插图，再动手固定） 3. 让小车运动起来。（松开气嘴） 4. 讨论：小车怎样运动？气球为什么能推动小车，试着解释小车运动的原因。 5. 把讨论结果记录下来，汇报交流。 6. 再次实验。 1）提出要求： 把手靠近气嘴处，感受气体是怎样冲出来的。想想气体冲出的方向与小车运动的方向有什么不同。 调换气球固定的方向，观察小车运动的方向有什么变化。 实验多做几次。 2）交流实验的发现和体会。归纳出反冲力的作用和方向。 三、了解反冲力的应用。 1. 反冲力能推动小车运动，那大家还知道哪些物体是靠反冲力运动的？ 2. 请学生上讲台介绍，如果学生有搜集到的资料就展示给大家。 节日燃放的烟花等。 喷气式飞机：机内的喷气发动机，把汽油或煤油燃烧时产生的大量气体，从发动机的喷气口快速向后喷出，飞机受到反冲作用快速向前飞行。 火箭：火箭是我国最早发明的。现代火箭用高能物质做燃料，燃烧后产生大量的高温气体，连续不断地向后喷出，使火箭高速飞行。 3. 教师播放火箭发射的影像资料。 4. 分析比较：反冲力小车的启动与火箭的启动有什么相同和不同？ （它们都利用了反冲的原理，但是小车利用的是压缩空气的反冲力，火箭利用的是高温高压燃烧气体的反冲力） 四、总结谈话，提升认识。 1. 出示小车，放在桌上，让学生说说小车所处的状态。（静止不动） 2. 我们怎样才能让小车运动起来？回忆学过的课中，我们使用了哪些动力使小车运动起来？ 3. 归纳，提升认识：小车只有在力的作用下才能运动起来。附送：2019-2020年小学英语 1A Unit 1 My Classroom教案 牛津版1、 Teaching aims: Ss can use imperatives to give simple instructions, such as : sit down, please.2、 Teaching aids: tape recorder3、 Teaching methods: visual method4、 language focus: use modeled phrases to municate5、 Teaching period: 61Teachers activitySs activityremarksPre-task1. ask Ss to introduce themselves to the class, saying “Hello, I am”2. play the cassette tape for the four pictures and do the actions. Ask the class to look and listen.3.play the cassette tape again and ask the class to follow your actionsWhile-task1. play the tape for “Stand up, please.” Ask some Ss to act it and the rest of the class to judge right or wrong.2. repeat the above process with “sit down, please” “open your book” “close your book”3. Open the Ss book to page 2 and read the mands for the class to follow, or play the cassette tape. Ask the Ss to point to the relevant pictures with their fingers.4. give mands and ask individual Ss to repeat and act them.Post-task1. Give mands “boys, stand up, please” “girls, stand up, please” “the whole class, stand up, please”2. Repeat the mands and ask Ss to act them.3. Divide the Ss into pairs. One student give mands and the other student act them. Then let them change roles.4. Divide the whole class into two teams, ask individual Ss to give mands and to see which team is better. Vary the game by letting Ss to give mands to their own team or the opposite. Students introduce themselves to the class, “hello, I am”Ss listen and lookSs follow the tapeIndividual Ss carry out the mands The whole class judge right or wrongSs follow the tape and point to the relevant picture.Individual Ss repeat and actSs carry out the mandsSs repeatSs do pair work Ss change their rolesSs pete between the two teams.以打招呼的方式，引入新课，可以激发学生兴趣，消除学生的紧张。从听、看入手，逐步过度到跟读，说、做。循序渐进，符合学生认知规律。让学生在听的同时，指出相应的图片，使学生建立起音、形之间的联系。通过游戏，使学生巩固所学，避免了枯燥。blackboard design:stand up - sit down picturesclose- open pictures2Teachers activitySs activityremarksPre-task“good morning”1. use a puppet or a soft toy to model the dialogue. Say “good morning”. Repeat several times and shake hands with the puppet or wave and greet each other2. stand in front of a student. Greet the student or use the puppet to greet the student. Prompt the student to return the greeting by saying “good morning”3. repeat with other students and encourage them to greet each other.“how are you”1. use two puppets to model the dialogue.2. ask the Ss to listen and repeat the dialogue several times.3. ask individual Ss to answer the greeting “how are you”4. chain drill around the class.While-task1. put up the wall chart on the board do that the Ss can see it.2. tell a story 3. play the cassette tape for page3 and Ss listen and repeat.4. Ss prepare the dialogue in groups of four.5. select groups to act the dialogue for the class. Provide them the character masks.Post-taskPlay the game: find my friendsConsolidationWork book page2: look listen and respondSs watch and listenSs greet the puppetSs try to greet each otherSs watch and listenSs listen and repeat the sentencesIndividual Ss respond to the greetingS1: how are youS2:fine, how are you?S3:fine, how are you? .Ss look at the boardSs listen to the storySs listen and repeatSs work in groups of fourIndividual groups act for the classSs play the gameSs do the exercises利用玩具引出整个对话，让学生了解对话的发音和意思，比较生动有趣。通过连锁问答，使每个学生都有简单交际、练习对话的机会。利用挂图做图意描述，使学习比较直观，符合低年级学生的特点通过游戏做一个巩固，避免枯燥。blackboard design:stationary:picturesbook rulerrubberpenpencilbag3Teachers activitySs activityremarksPre-task1. Ask Ss “ what can you see in the classroom?” hold up some stationeries Ss have2. introduce the vocabulary by carefully pronouncing the words and let Ss repeat several times.3. Ask individual Ss “Do you have a ruler/a rubber/ a book?” Prompt the Ss to hold up their personal stationary and repeat the wordsWhile-task1. play the cassette tape. Ask the Ss to point to the relevant pictures and repeat.2. put the vocabulary objects on your desk. Say “a ruler” “a rubber”, etc. Invite a student to e up and pick out the right object.3. Say “a ruler”. Ask the class to hold up their rulers and repeat “a ruler”. Practice until the Ss can respond quickly.4. put up the picture card for “ruler” on the board, and put the word card next to it. Read the word several times and ask the Ss to repeat.5. repeat steps 3 and 4 with the other new words.Post-task1. one the left side of the board put up the word cards for all the new words and on the right their picture cards but in a different order. Point to one word and the picture opposite and ask “ Is this right?” Have Ss e up and change the order.2. after the words and pictures are correctly matched, practice reading the words again.3. ask individual Ss to e up and put away the pictures and cards as you tell them.Ss: I can seeSs pronounce the words carefully after the teacher.Individual Ss respond the questionSs listen to the tape and point to relevant pictures.Individual Ss e up and pick The whole class listen and actSs look at the boardSs e up and change the order.Ss read the words againIndividual Ss e up and put away the word card联系实际，引出问句，为下面的教学做铺垫让学生建立起单词音、形、义之间的联系。通过各种不同的游戏来操练巩固所学的单词，使学生乐学、好学。blackboard design:rhyme:paper, paper I can seepaper, paper for you and me4Teachers activitySs activityremarksPre-task1. hold up the six vocabulary objects or picture cards and ask what they are. Remind Ss to put up their hands instead of simply calling out the answer. Also call on Ss who do not raise their hands. At times you may wish the whole class to respond, saying “ the whole class” and move your hands to give them a hint.2. put up the picture cards for the new words on the board. Ask individual Ss to e up and choose a certain card. Then put up the corresponding word card next to it and read the word.3. say “ today we are going to learn a rhyme about how students share their thingsWhile-taskThe first verse1. discuss with Ss what is happening in the picture and then read the verse to them.2. explain “ I can see” and “ For you and me” with gestures3. play the cassette tape for this verse. The Ss look at the picture in their books, listen and repeat4. play the cassette again and encourage the Ss to join in and practice several times.5. invite pairs of Ss to act out the first verseThe second verseRepeat the steps above from 1 to 5Post-task1. ask each student to take out a pen and a book. Divide the class into pairs and let them pose another verse by substituting “ruler” and “rubber” in the second verse with “book” and “pen”. Help the less able Ss while you walk around the classroom2. ask individual pairs to act out this third verse.3. play the cassette tape for the whole rhyme while Ss look at the pictures in their Ss book and repeat.Ss read the words according to the pictures.Individual Ss e up and choose the certain card and read themSs tell the teacher what is happening in the pictureSs look at the pictures and listen and repeatSs practice the rhymeIndividual pairs act out the first verse of the rhymeSs take out a pen and a bookIndividual Ss act out the rhyme in pairsSs look at the book and listen to the tape again通过复习昨天所学的生词来开始今天的新课，以旧带新，符合认知规律。先让学生观察图片，讨论图中发生的事，可以让学生对即将要学的小诗有一个自己的认识和猜测，为下面的学习做了一个很好的铺垫。用其他词语来对歌谣进行替换，使学生做到学以致用blackboard designgood morninggood afternoongood eveninggood night5Teachers activitySs activityremarksPre-task1. greet the Ss “ good morning” to elicit their response “good morning”2. point to yourself and say “teacher”. Ss point to you and repeat.3. put the picture card and word card for “teacher” on the board and say “ teacher” Ss repeat.4. ask the Ss what they take to school every day. Prompt them to answer the question with the words they have learnt5. say “ I take my bag and book to school”. Explain the meaning and ask Ss to repeat.6. ask Ss “Do you want to learn a song?” and then say “all right, lets listen”While-task1. Play the cassette tape for the song once. Ss listen and look at the picture in their books, clapping their hands. 2. play the song again. Encourage Ss to sing along with you and the cassette tape. Add actions to the song3. Ss sing the song and do the actionsPost-task1. Depending on individual Ss abilities, invite them to sing the song2. Divide the class into groups. Ask Ss to substitute “my bag and book” in the song with some other words they have learnt.3. Select groups to sing their modified songs to the classSs greet to the teacherSs repeatSs read againSs: I take.to school Ss: yesSs listen and look at the picture, clapping their hands.Ss sing along with the tapeSs sing the song and do the actionsIndividual Ss sing the songSs change the song in groupsIndividual groups act before the class以问候方式开始本课，激发学生兴趣，消除紧张感问学生是否想学歌曲，以引起学生的兴趣在唱的同时加入动作，可以帮助学生有效了解歌曲的内容意思请学生对歌曲进行改编