名词种类及单复数变化.ppt

,个体名词：,boy,girl,teacher,school,book,room,pen,pencil,desk,apple,具体可见的，可以数出数量的个体。,二.名词种类与名词的数,1）所有的专有名词都是不可数名词。2）个体名词通常都是可数的。3）集体名词和成双成对的名词永远用作复数。people,police,trousers,glasses4）物质名词和抽象名词为不可数名词。,特殊情况：,.有些名词,如:family,class,team等既可用作单数又可用作复数。当强调整体时，常用作单数；当强调整体中的各个成员时，常为复数。例：Thefamilyisquitebig.这是个大家庭。Thefamilyareenjoyingthemselvesinthepark.家里的每个人都玩得很高兴。,2）有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数,词，但词义有所不同。,sand沙sands沙滩,wood木头woods森林,fish鱼肉fish鱼,orange橙汁anorange桔子,chicken鸡肉achicken小鸡,room空间、余地aroom房间,三.可数名词复数变化规则,Sumup:以,s、x、ch、sh,结尾的名词,在其词尾加es,potato,somepotatoes,tomato,fivetomatoes,Sumup:以辅音字母加结尾的名词，在其词尾加es.但photo、piano(钢琴)除外，photos,pianos.,knife,fourknives,leaf,someleaves,Sumup:以,f或fe结尾的名词要将f或fe变为,V再加,es.,baby,fivebabies,boy,threeboys,以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，要变y为i再加es.,4.以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v，再加-es，如：,knifeknives，leafleaves,halfhalves,5.以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”，再加-es,如：,citycities,factoryfactories,但注意：以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，,如：boyboys,daydays,6.不规则变化,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-children,ox-oxen，mouse-mice,fish-fish,sheep-sheep,deer-deer,7.表示国籍名词单复数变化规律Chinese,Chinese,Japanese,Japanese,Frenchman,Frenchmen,Englishman,Englishmen,German,Germans,American,Americans,Egyptian,Egyptians,Russian,Russians,Italian,Italians,15,可编辑,四.不可数名词数量的表示,练习,1.Whatdoyouwant?Iwant_.A.pieceofbreadB.twopieceofbreadC.abreadD.somebread2._isstandingatthecornerofthestreet.A.ApoliceB.ThepoliceC.PoliceD.Apoliceman,3.Canyouseenine_inthepicture?,A.sheepB.dogC.pigD.horse,4.The_hastwo_.,A.boys,watchesB.boy,watch,C.boy,watchesD.boys,watch,5.BothMarxandEngleswere_.,A.GermanB.Germans,C.GermanyD.fromGerman,3.Canyouseenine_inthepicture?,A.sheepB.dogC.pigD.horse,4.The_hastwo_.,A.boys,watchesB.boy,watch,C.boy,watchesD.boys,watch,5.BothMarxandEngleswere_.,A.GermanB.Germans,C.GermanyD.fromGerman,6.Everymorningbeforeheleaves,hismotherwouldputsome_inhisbag.,A.orangeB.oranges,7.Weallbelievethatourteam_thestrongestofall.,A.isB.are,A.orangeB.oranges,7.Weallbelievethatourteam_thestrongestofall.,A.isB.are,6.Everymorningbeforeheleaves,hismotherwouldputsome_inhisbag.,名词所有格,名词所有格的分类,名词所有格可分为三种：1、有生命名词的所有格2、无生命名词的所有格3、双重所有格,名词所有格一、有生命的名词所有格：s+名词“的”a.当名词不是s结尾时，用sLucyshair/mymothersbaglucy的头发/我妈妈的袋子b.当名词是s结尾时，则用sstudentsreadingroom学生们的阅览室workersclub工人俱乐部注意：WomensDay妇女节ChildrensDay儿童节TeachersDay教师节,c.表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，加s构成所有格fiveminuteswalk=afive-minutewalkeightmilesjourney=an8-milejourneyd.双重所有格:of+名词所有格/of+名词性的物主代词afriendofmine,anoldphotoofmyfathers.e.共同所有格与个体所有格：共有的东西,所有格也共有;分开的东西,所有格也分开.ShesTomandJimsmother.(同一个母亲)TheyreTomsandJimsmothers.(各自的母亲),二、表示无生命的名词所有格用“of“教室的门thedooroftheclassroom山顶thetopofthehill树叶theleavesofthetree社会的发展Thedevelopmentofthesociety书的封面Thecoverofabook,双重所有格,双重所有格由“of+名词