外文翻译--瓦斯抽放钻机

翻译 英文原文 Gas drainage drilling rig British Coal Office owned coal mine in the early 1950s to the mining area of a nearby gas drilling drainage, and now are very small compared to the scale. Flow into the roadway in the gas pressure was general-in ventilation system ruled out. This article will introduce some modern mining technology with the development of the rig. When the increase in coal production, coal face promote optimum fast, high concentration of gas to be ruled out, this will lead to modern gas drainage system development, that a regional gas drilling, drilling connect to the pipeline system, Reply to the surface of gas will be excluded. About 40 to 50 years ago, the British-made drilling rig not a satisfactory. British drilling rig equipment companys decision to meet this requirement. In recent years the design and development work in the United States Department of State Coal help a large number of staff, consultation and cooperation. The successful development of the EDECO Hydrack series rig, the rig used for five years until 1963 the introduction of the new design series Hydrack EDECO micro-drilling rig. This is now the use of the rig, designed after the reform of the review. Drill Design Hydrack gas drilling rig is the first for the electro-hydraulic drilling rig, the rig before most of the air-powered. Drill pipe and bit by a hydraulic motor through the rotating six-speed gear box； to be thrust into power and the trip from 815 mm to achieve the hydraulic cylinders, with rack and pinion system to process will be carried out twice. About the most torque 949 Nm, a way to about 1702 mm bit on the effective thrust of about 2,794 kg. Diameter drill pipe design for the 60.3 mm, for the 1524 mm long with a cone-shaped male connector, commonly known as EF / N-type drill pipe. 1963, the design of the micro-Hydrack rig. This is a very short period of Qinger drilling rig, his trip to 851 mm. A three-speed gear box, the largest of its torque to 691 Nm, effective drilling thrust 2,145 kg. Design drill pipe smaller diameter of 41.3 mm, length of 762 mm, also with cone-shaped male connector, called ET / A-type drill pipe. ET / A-type and the initial ET / N-type drill pipe is the drainage of two standard gas drilling equipment, including in the United Kingdom is now No. 613/1974 of the Ministry of Coal samples. Hydrack drilling rig is installed by the group composed of standard parts； Drill - a rack with skateboards, skateboards support. Bit installed in the sliding seat, by the hydraulic motors, Biansuchilun me and thrust as well as sets of component supply rotary joint. On the rack, slide under the hydraulic cylinder. Bored end of the rack-oriented holder used to support the drill pipe and fixed. Power equipment - which is equipped with a hydraulic oil tank, following a slip-ski, makes it easy to transport. A motor and hydraulic pump and other auxiliary equipment, such as the return to the oil filter, safety valve, and pumps, tank airway and humidity safety switches are installed in the fuel tank above. Control panel - the smallest of the four devices. Bored functions include the control valve, pressure gauge and the instructions of torque on the drilling bit pressure. Rack assembly - when the preparations for drilling, rack supports drilling rig. Rack to adapt to a variety of different forms of drilling terrain changes, H-rack, A-frame and single-bearing pillars. The latter two are based drilling rig users to the requirements of the design. Hydraulic oil through hydraulic flexible hose from the power plant station transmitted to the control panel and then into the rig. General long hose 4 m, to adapt to the positioning devices. Gas Drainage Coal mining, will cause gas from coal mining and coal mining neighbouring not Xiechu. In the United Kingdom in the mine, gas outburst 100 years of history. Gas outburst be an explosive mixture, the lack of oxygen, or the top end of the dramatic movement, and dangerous situation. In mine, now control the gas is to play with coal gas drainage drilling, drilling into the tunnel roof or floor seam. Bored are connected to each pipeline system (known as the steel tube inserted into the borehole ducts and risers), with gas pumps will be out of the ground. Individual pumping gas drilling pure 放量 consecutive months can be as high as 200 feet 3 / min. Most of the use of tungsten carbide or the rotating cone drill bit bored. Design considerations Most of the projects are designed with a compromise on an issue of general there are a number of answers, but no one is the ideal answer. Design of gas drainage drilling rig should consider the parameters: As a complete drilling, drilling rigs need to move to a new location. So should the weight of the lightest rig. When the drilling rig in the mine at the time of installation in the roadway should be left as many as possible to facilitate the work of the space and equipment to use. Mine mechanical structure must be strong. In preparation for the design, consideration should be given to the underground harsh environment (from a mine car on the machine to fall to withstand it ) Reliability and easy maintenance is very important. Downhole drilling rig must adhere to the use of legislative and practical requirements of the Act. Design reform Hydrack rig on the design of micro-reform needs careful consideration, the design of reform will have interchangeable parts of the problem, often increase the scope of spare parts must be saved. Some of the factory design reform is inevitable if the use of metric and for security reasons mandatory requirements. When these reforms are necessary, other desirable to improve the design adopted at the same time. Hydrack micro-drilling rig in the design of reform are as follows: Series - 1963 in Octorber was introduced, the replacement of the aforementioned rig in the first series Hydrack larger drilling rig. Series - 1966 in August to improve the power plant appearance, install temperature and level switch, increasing pressure for drilling 4,318 kg. Series FR in June, 1968, before the use of hydraulic mineral oil rig, now switch to liquid fire. Series FRA in April , 1974, to further improve the use of hydraulic systems and oil-water emulsion mixed with the water supply regulation sealed rotary joints, more reliable operation. Metric series FRA - 1975, in December since 1963, although the use of metric size bearings and seals, but to the best metric screw connector and the Steel pieces. Improved use of the drill pipe Temple-oriented folder. Metric series FRA - 1976, November Hydrack using micro-drilling rig. Drill a way as to 451 mm, long drill pipe 380 mm, single-speed drill. Used by power plants and Hydrack and the same. Metric series FRA in January, 1978, the power plant design and made a big change in the British Ministry of Coal CFS / MEA (74) 20 document request. Important change is to control the disk Gaixiao, reduce external pipeline work. These devices can be used separately, or control device was attached to the force. Make Create a high standard of reliable rig must, in accordance with pre-set quality standard processing. Maintain high standards, quality is the key, all the personnel involved in the production of the need to ensure production quality and reliable components. Provides graphics standards, the need for realistic. Identify materials, machinery manufacturing tolerances, surface finish such as standards, the need for careful study. In order to ensure the reliability of the use of drilling rigs in the delivery, each drilling rig to be a routine test. EDECO conducted by the drilling rig to the full test results are made permanent records. Gas-Drilling A bored tunnel (usually in the back to the wind tunnel) section of very different sizes. In advance-long wall face, a trip for the 851 mm micro-Hydrack rig. In general a high degree of roadway for 1.5 m-long wall of the back and face with similar conditions, may be the itinerary for the 451 mm micro-Hydrack rig. Drilling rig and equipment at the scene assembly, the assembly rig and to clamp firmly fixed, when the drilling force to prevent the mobile drilling rig. Bored by the pressure change depending on the borehole drilling style. WC formation may be a general airfoil bit bored. This bit of torque, and the drilling of low pressure. When drilling a hard formation, the use of cone Jingang bit. Its characteristics are small torque, drilling pressure. Gas drainage drilling holes before drilling a large hole, a diameter of 115 mm or 89 mm, with ducts and risers depends on the aperture, depth of 10 and 20 m, up about 45 drilling holes in the mining areas on or not the same Angle at the bottom hole drilling down. Bored layout and Kongju determined by the test, because of different positions and changes. Sealed with rubber, cement grouting, tape or compact sealing resin ducts and risers will be fixed in the hole, using a 76 mm screw to the valve and fill in boxes fixed on the ducts and risers, export packing boxes with another valve, gas and water control device , If necessary, remove the gas drainage safety drill pipe and drill bit used. Drill pipe and drill through the larger valve can actually drill holes 50 mm gas production, the depth of 40 到 60 m. Circulating pump pumping through the center to the drill pipe Bits, cooling bits and washed out hole chip. Pump drilling equipment is a very important part. When the bit before drilling started, the water cycle should always be to drill, otherwise, will plug the waterways, often leading to damage to bits. Back to sink in and use of water separation, and then pumped into the water again, bored. Bored performance Underground drilling field to protect the drill pipe is difficult, but the drill pipe should be stacked on the support of the appropriate. Drill pipe thread to be kept clean and in mutual tightened before the first Tu lubricants. When the evaluation of micro-Hydrack rig in the drilling of standard coal properties, in accordance with the procedures for the installation to allow drilling rig. Bored and inserted into ducts and risers in the eight-hour intervals within a 50 m drill holes on the production line has. Drilling typical of the average speed connections (including the drill pipe handling, etc.) to 10 meters / hour, but the determination, found that about half the time for loading, unloading and handling equipment, the remaining time for the drilling, drilling the actual speed of about 20 m / Hours. Future trends In the past 20 years, drilling performance and technology has significantly improved its major improvements is to reduce the size and weight, increase the gas drainage drilling rig and equipment reliability. If the drilling of further improvement, then the drill bit design improvements are also necessary. Because these are the current restrictions on improving the efficiency of a factor. 中文译文 瓦斯抽放钻机 英国煤炭局所属 煤矿中，五十年代初期向采煤区邻近层打钻孔抽放瓦斯，与现在相比其规模是很小的。流进巷道中的瓦斯一般被压入式通风系统排除。本文将介绍几种符合近代采矿技术发展的钻机。 当煤产量增加，采煤工作面推进较优快时，须将高浓度的瓦斯排除，这将导致现代瓦斯抽放系统的发展，即向瓦斯区域打钻孔，给钻孔接上管道系统，将瓦斯引到地表排除。约 40 到 50 年前，英国制造的钻机没有一台令人满意。英国钻机设备公司决定满足这个要求。 在几年的设计和研制工作中，得到美国国家煤炭部工作人员大量帮助、磋商和合作。研制成功民 EDECO Hydrack 系 列钻机，这个钻机使用了五年直到 1963年引进了新设计的 EDECO 微型 Hydrack 系列钻机。现在使用的就是这种钻机，其设计改革的后评述。 钻机设计 Hydrack 钻机是最早用于瓦斯钻孔的电动液压钻机，以前的钻机多半是空气作动力的。钻杆和钻头由一个液压马达通过六速齿轮箱转动；给进动力和推力是由 815mm 行程的液压缸实现的，用齿条和小齿轮系统的给进行程将是两倍。最大转矩约 949Nm，给进行程约 1702mm 钻头上的有效推力约 2794 公斤。钻杆设计直径为 60.3mm，长为 1524mm 带有锥形螺纹接头，通称 EF/N 型钻杆。 1963 年，设计民微型 Hydrack 钻机。这是一种非常轻而短的钻机，其行程为 851mm。采用三速齿轮箱，其最大转矩为 691Nm，有效钻孔推力为 2145 公斤。设计钻杆较小，直径为 41.3mm，长为 762mm，也带锥形螺纹接头，称为 ET/A 型钻杆。 ET/A 型和最初的 ET/N 型钻杆是抽放瓦斯的两种标准钻孔设备，现已包括在英国煤炭部第 613/1974 号样本中。 Hydrack 钻机是由几组标准件装置组成； 钻机 有一个带滑板的机架，由滑板支撑。钻头安装在滑座上，由液压马达、变速齿轮箱和推力套以及供水旋 转接头组成。在机架内滑座下是液压缸。机架上钻孔末端的导向夹持器用来固定和支持钻杆。 动力设备 这是一个装有液压油的油箱，下面有滑橇，便于运输。一台电动机和液压泵及其它辅助设备，如回油过滤器、安全阀、加油泵、油箱通气管以及湿度安全开关都安装在油箱上面。 控制盘 为四个装置中最小的。包含有钻孔功能的控制阀，指示转矩的压力计以及钻头上的钻进压力。 装配式机架 当准备钻孔时，机架支撑着钻机。机架形式多种以适应不同钻孔地形变化，有 H 型机架、 A 型机架和单支柱支座。后两项是根据钻机使用者提出来的要求设计的。 液压油 通过挠性液压软管从动力装置站输送到控制盘，然后进入钻机。软管一般长 4m，能适应各种装置的定位。 抽放瓦斯 采煤时，会引起瓦斯从开采煤层和邻近未开采的煤层泄出。在英国矿井中，瓦斯突出有 100 多年的历史。瓦斯突出会出现有爆炸混合物、缺氧，或顶底的剧烈移动等危险情况。 在矿井中，现在控制瓦斯的方法是向含瓦斯煤层打钻孔抽放，钻孔打入巷道顶板或底板煤层。 每个钻孔都接上管道系统（插入钻孔的钢管称为竖管），用真空泵将瓦斯抽出地面。个别钻孔纯瓦斯抽放量可连续好几个月高达 200 呎 3/分。 大多数使用碳化钨或牙轮钻头的旋转钻 机钻孔。 设计考虑事项 大部分的工程设计都用一个折中方案，对某一个问题一般存在着若干种解答，但没有一个解答是理想的。设计瓦斯抽放钻机量应考虑的参数： 象完成一个钻孔后，钻机需要移动到一个新的位置上。因此钻机的重量应该最轻。 当钻机在矿井巷道中安装时，应留下尽可能多的空间以便于工作人和设备能够通行。 矿井机械必须结构坚固。在准备设计时，应考虑到井下恶劣环境（机器从矿车上落下来能经受得住吗？） 可靠性和易于维修是非常重要的。 井下使用的钻机必须坚持立法和可行的法令要求。 设计改革 对微型 Hydrack 钻机的设 计改革需要周密的考虑，因设计改革会产生部件的互换性问题，往往增加必须储存备件的范围。一些设计改革对制造厂是不可避免的；如公制的采用和出于安全原因强制性的要求 。当这些改革是必须的，其它合乎需要的设计改进同时采纳。微型 Hydrack 钻机的设计改革如下所列： 系列 1963 年 10 月引进，这种钻机替换前述的最初较大的 Hydrack 系列钻机。 系列 1966 年 8 月，改进动力装置的外形，安装温度和水平开关，钻进压力增加为 4318 公斤。 系列 FR 1968 年 6 月，以前的钻机使用液压矿物油，现在改用防火液。 系列 FRA 1974 年 4 月，进一步改进的液压