新概念英语 第三册 第14课.doc

Lesson14 A noble gangsterThere was a time when the owners of shop and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for protection If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. Obtaining protechon money is not a modern crime. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.Six hundred years ago, Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue. 1. How did Hawkwood make money in times of peace In times of peace 在和平时期2. If the money not paid promptly , the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop.如果交款不及时，歹徒们就会很快捣毁他的商店，让他破产 promptly 立即的，及时的（正式）speedily 迅速的 swiftly 迅速的 directly 立刻的simultaneous samltenis 同时的 simultaneous interpretation 同声传译 pickpocket 扒手 burglar 入室盗窃犯 highwayman 车匪路霸 smuggle sth 走私 pirate sth 盗版 traffic drugs 贩毒 put sb out of business 使某人破产 sb go bankruptcy bkrptsi 破产ones business collapse/land on rocks/goes to the dogs/fails 破产3. As long ago as the fourteenth century ,an Englishman made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.早在十四世纪，英国人就有过非凡的发现：人们情愿拿出大笔的钱也不愿毕生的心血毁于歹徒之手。 as long ago as 表示强调，可译为“早在，追溯到”as long as 译为“只要，长达之久” 英语中同级比较短语as.as均有此意He earns 4000 a monthHe earns as much as 4000 a month.他每月的工资多达4000元。 remarkable adj. 异常的;卓越的;显著的;非凡的 life work 毕生的事业 large sums of 大量的 would ratherthan 宁愿而不是 would rather 还可引导虚拟语气举行 与would as soon ，would prefer ，would sooner用法相同，结构为would rather sb did/had done. 表示“希望”或“委婉的责备”. 谓语动词用过去时指当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时指过去的情况。 I would rather you went abroad. 我宁愿你出国。4. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. make a name for oneself 出名 make ones mark in sth. 出人头地rise in the world 飞黄腾达 make a noise in the world 名噪一时 set the world on fire 大出风头 hit the headline 占据头条 come to 后接名词、数词、代词或不接任何词1) 谈到，涉及到When it comes to physics, he is a complete stranger. 谈到物理他完全是个外行。2) 表示“合计，总共”，同amount to.How much does the bill come to？帐单上共多少钱？3) 表示“开始被所认识，被所记起。”突然想起（无被动式)In a flash, the truth came to him. 突然间，他明白了真相。4) 发生(在某人身上), 降临于(某人)Happiness will come to you as long as you are after it. 只要你追寻它幸福会降临于你。5) 恢复知觉，苏醒过来After three hours in the hospital bed, he began to come to. 躺在医院床上三个小时后, 他开始苏醒过来。6) Come to a conclusion/decision 作出结论，决定come to an agreement / understanding / terms. 达成一致，谅解，协议，或和解come to a(n). end 有结果( 结局、下场)Those who has done evil things will come to no good end.做坏事的人不会有好下场。come to life 活跃起来 come to light 被发现, 被大家知道come to nothing / no good 没有结果/成就 come to oneself 恢复知觉, 恢复正常come to sb.s attention / notice 受到某人注意come to the point 谈正题, 谈主要问题 be known as 被称为 be fashioned after 根据设计5. In spite of this ,the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. In spite of 尽管，不管 a sort of 一种6. When he died at the age of eighty , the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the money of “the most valiant solder and most notable leader.” 他80岁那年死去时,佛罗伦萨