组织结构的概念、方案和模式.ppt

第三讲组织结构的概念、方案和模式,引例:福特汔车公司混合动力车团队的组织结构组织结构的概念组织结构和信息处理组织设计方案组织结构模式组织结构模式的应用下一次课的讨论案例:1、CinvolvesfrequentmeetingsandconflictresolutionsessionsWillnotworkunlessparticipantsunderstanditandadoptcollegialratherthanvertical-typerelationshipsRequiresgreatefforttomaintainpowerbalance,StrengthsandWeaknessesofMatrixOrganizationStructure,Source:AdaptedfromRobertDuncan,“WhatIstheRightOrganizationStructure?DecisionTreeAnalysisProvidestheAnswer,”OrganizationalDynamics(Winter1979):429.,AHorizontalStructure,Sources:BasedonFrankOstroff,TheHorizontalOrganization,(NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,1999);JohnA.Byrne,“TheHorizontalCorporation,”BusinessWeek,December20,1993,76-81;andThomasA.Stewart,“TheSearchfortheOrganizationofTomorrow,”Fortune,May19,1992,92-98.,StrengthsandWeaknessesofHorizontalStructure,STRENGTHS:FlexibilityandrapidresponsetochangesincustomerneedsDirectstheattentionofeveryonetowardtheproductionanddeliveryofvaluetothecustomerEachemployeehasabroaderviewoforganizationalgoalsPromotesafocusonteamworkandcollaborationcommoncommitmenttomeetingobjectivesImprovesqualityoflifeforemployeesbyofferingthemtheopportunitytoshareresponsibility,makedecisions,andbeaccountableforoutcomes,WEAKNESSES:Determiningcoreprocessestoorganizearoundisdifficultandtime-consumingRequireschangesinculture,jobdesign,managementphilosophy,andinformationandrewardsystemsTraditionalmanagersmaybalkwhentheyhavetogiveuppowerandauthorityRequiressignificanttrainingofemployeestoworkeffectivelyinahorizontalteamenvironmentCanlimitin-depthskilldevelopment,Sources:BasedonFrankOstroff,TheHorizontalOrganization:WhattheOrganizationoftheFutureLooksLikeandHowItDeliversValuetoCustomers,(NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,1999);andRichardL.Daft,OrganizationTheoryandDesign,6thed.,(Cincinnati,Ohio:South-WesternCollegePublishing,1998)253.,HybridStructurePart1.SunPetrochemicalProducts,President,TechnologyVicePresident,FinancialServicesVicePres.,HumanResourcesDirector,ChiefCounsel,ChemicalsVicePresident,LubricantsVicePresident,FuelsVicePresident,Sources:BasedonLindaS.Ackerman,“TransitionManagement:AnIn-DepthLookatManagingComplexChange,”OrganizationalDynamics(Summer1982):46-66;andFrankOstroff,TheHorizontalOrganization,(NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,1999),Fig.2.1,34.,HybridStructurePart2.FordCustomerServiceDivision,DirectorandProcessOwner,DirectorandProcessOwner,Sources:BasedonLindaS.Ackerman,“TransitionManagement:AnIn-DepthLookatManagingComplexChange,”OrganizationalDynamics(Summer1982):46-66;andFrankOstroff,TheHorizontalOrganization,(NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,1999),Fig.2.1,34.,HumanResources,StrategyandCommunication,Finance,VicePresidentandGeneralManager,Teams,Teams,DirectorandProcessOwner,Teams,TechnicalSupportGroup,VehicleServiceGroup,PartsSupply/LogisticsGroup,FunctionalStructure,HorizontalStructure,Teams,Teams,TheRelationshipofOrganizationDesigntoEfficiencyvs.LearningOutcomes,HorizontalOrganizationDesignedforLearning,VerticalOrganizationDesignedforEfficiency,DominantStructuralApproach,HorizontalstructureisdominantSharedtasks,empowermentRelaxedhierarchy,fewrulesHorizontal,face-to-facecommunicationManyteamsandtaskforcesDecentralizeddecisionmaking,VerticalstructureisdominantSpecializedtasksStricthierarchy,manyrulesVerticalcommunicationandreportingsystemsFewteams,taskforcesorintegratorsCentralizeddecisionmaking,TheRelationshipofStructuretoOrganizationsNeedforEfficiencyvs.Learning,HorizontalStructure,DominantStructuralApproach,Horizontal:CoordinationLearningInnovationFlexibility,Vertical:ControlEfficiencyStabilityReliability,MatrixStructure,DivisionalStructure,Functionalwithcross-functionalteams,integrators,FunctionalStructure,ModularStructure,第三讲组织结构的概念、方案和模式,引例:福特汔车公司混合动力车团队的组织结构组织结构的概念组织结构和信息处理组织设计方案组织结构模式组织结构模式的应用下一次课的讨论案例:1、C&C杂货店公司的组织结构2、宝瓶宫广告代理公司的组织结构,SymptomsofStructuralDeficiency,DecisionmakingisdelayedorlackinginqualityTheorganizationdoesnotrespondinnovativelytoachangingenvironmentToomuchconflictisevident,组织结构模式的应用,结构选择中的决策时机问题。公司刚成立或公司出现结构无效的症状。结构无效的症状包括决策质量不高、不能有效地应对环境的变化、存在明显的过多冲突。结构选择中对各选择方案之间关系的认识。不同结构模式之间的连续渐变关系。结构选择中选择备选方案的根据因素。结构变化的权变因素：环境、战略与目标、技术、规模和文化。,第三讲组织结构的概念、方案和模式,引例:福特汔车公司混合动力车团队的组