孟凡余高考现在分词考点.ppt

高考现在分词的考点,孟凡余,现在分词的主要考点,现在分词的时态及具体形式现在分词在句子中所做的成分及其逻辑。现在分词的独立主格结构现在分词的解题技巧,现在分词的具体形式,考点一：doing与havingdone区别,doing的动作一般与谓语动词的动作同时发生或正在发生或时间前后不是很明显，逻辑主语与其有主动的关系，havingdone所表示的动作在谓语动词之前发生，而且非常明显。逻辑主语与其也是主动的关系,Practice,1、_thework,hewentbackhomeonfoot.AfinishingBhavingfinishedCtofinishDfinished2、Thereisabird_inthesky.(fly),B,flying,考点二：现在分词的逻辑主语及所做的成分,1、现在分词做定语1Therewasanoise_thesuddenburstoflightAfollowedBfollowingCtobefollowedDbeingfollowed现在分词作定语，其逻辑主语是被修饰的名词，现在分词与逻辑主语存在主动关系，要注意时态。,B,Pip,_hisparents,hadtolivewithhisonlyrelatives.losingB.havinglostC.lostD.beinglost当逻辑主语与动作表示被动的时候，应该用done(已被），beingdone(正被），tobedone(将被）做后置定语Iwillattendameeting_(hold)nextweek.,B,tobeheld,现在分词做宾语补足语,【真题回顾】(1)Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_hishandintothepocketofapassenger.（2004北京春）PutB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting现在分词做宾语补足语，其逻辑主语就是宾语，宾语与现在分词表示的动作存在主动关系。,D,几种类型,一、感官动词see,notice,discover,observe,lookat,watch,hear,listento,smell,feel等后常用现在分词作宾补，补充说明宾语正在进行某个动作。如：Themissingboywaslastseenplayingneartheriver.人们最后一次看到那个失踪的男孩的时候，他正在河边玩耍。,真题回顾,(2)Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfoundinthekitchen.(2003NMET)A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked,B,二、使役动词have,keep,leave，get，set等后，一般表示的是一种状态,。如：Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.对不起，我让你久等了。Hisfunnywordssetuslaughing.他那风趣地话语让我们大笑起来。,真题回顾,（3）Dontleavethewater_whileyoubrushyourteeth.（2004天津）A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun,B,三、在with+宾语+v-ing的复合结构中,该结构中，现在分词和with的宾语之间是主谓关系，而且表示动作正在进行。如：Withtheoldmanleadingtheway,thesoldiercaneasilyfindtheoldhouseintheforest.由于老人的带路，这些士兵可以容易地找到森林里的那座老房子。,真题回顾,Icouldntdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_.（2005北京）A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon,A,现在分词作状语,现在分词作状语：时间，条件，伴随方式，原因，结果,1.时间状语：Workinginthefactory,helearnedalotfromtheworkers.(分词一般式）Havingreadtheletter,shegotveryexcited.（完成式）,注：现在分词作时间,原因状语：如果分词所表示的动作和谓语的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生，用现在分词的一般式。如果分词动作明显在谓语之前发生，用现分完成式。,Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.Havingarrivedatthefactory,theyimmediatelysettowork.,注：在作时间状语的分词前，可加连词while,when，介词after,before,on.Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.Dontmentionthiswhiletalkingtohim.OnarrivinginLondon,hemanagedtogetintouchwithher.=AssoonashearrivedinLondon,.,2.现在分词作条件状语：,Workinghard,youwillsucceed.Turningtotheleft,youwillfindthepathleadingtothesite.,3.现在分词作伴随方式状语：,Shecamerunningtowardsme.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.Theystoodthereforanhour,watchingthegame.Shesatatthedeskreadinganewspaper.Travelingbyjeep,wevisitedanumberofcities.Followingtheguide,theystartedtoclimb.,4.现在分词作原因状语：(否定词not一定要放在前面）,Seeingnobodyathome,shedecidedtoleavethemanote.Notknowingheraddress,wecouldntgetintouchwithher.Beingsopoorinthosedays,wecouldntaffordtosendtheboytohospital.注：Havingworkedamongthepeasantsformanyyears,heknewthemverywell.（分词完成式的肯定式）Nothavingreceivedananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherletter.（分完否）,5.现在分词作结果状语：（多用于句尾）,Herhusbanddiedin1942,leavingherwithfivechildren.Thebuswasheldupbysnowstorm,thuscausingthedelay.,Hewascaughtintherain,thusmakinghimselfcatchcold.,Ihurriedtoschool,onlytofindthatitwasSunday.,Note:现在分词表示必然结果，前可加thus,不定式表意外的结果，前可加only.,Note:在用分词短语作状语时,它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致,逻辑主语一般省略如不一致则要加上它自己逻辑上的主语,不能省略这种结构称为:,独立主格结构,1.TheNightcomingon,theystartedforhome.2.Thelastbushavinggone,hehadtowalkhome.3.Timepermitting,wearegoingtoclimbthemountaintomorrow.4.Theyaretalkingwiththeteacher,theirchildrenplayingoutside.5.Itraining,Iwenttoworkwithanumbrella.,巩固练习,1.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing2.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,_thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added3.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake,4._upathisfather,heaskedwhatwasthematterwithhim.A.HavinglookedB.LookingC.TolookD.Look5._fromhisclothes,heisnotsopoor.A.JudgedB.JudgingC.TojudgeD.Havingjudged6._suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered,现在分词解题技巧,1、分析所充当的成分，现在分词一般在句子中做后置定语、宾语补足语和状语。2、找到逻辑主语3、判断主动和被动4、判断时态。,巩固练习,Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,_.A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningsweregiventotourists,1.“Wecantgooutinthisweather,”saidBob,_outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked,3.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_thegirlandtookheraway,_intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing,4.Though_money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin,5._suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered,6.Findinghercarstolen,_.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp,7._fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.A.SufferedB.SufferingC.HavingsufferedD.Beingsuffered,8.Hesentmeane-mail,_togetfurtherinformation.A.hopedB.hopingC.tohopeD.hope,9.Whilebuildingatunnelthroughthemountain,_.A.anundergroundlakewasdiscoveredB.therewasanundergroundlakediscoveredC.alakewasdiscoveredundergroundD.theworkersdiscoveredanundergroundlake,10.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake,1._thehouseonfire,hedialed119.A.ToseeB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.Beingseen2.Ifelldownandbroketwoofmyteeth.IwonderhowmanytimesIhavetocomehereandgetmyfalseteeth_.A.fixB.fixingC.fixedD.tofix,3.Were_tolistentoher_voice.Its_tohearhersing.A.pleased;pleasing;pleasureB.pleased;pleasant;apleasureC.pleasing;pleased;apleasureD.pleasing;pleasant;pleasure,4._apostoffice,Istopped_somestamps.A.Passed,buyingB.Passing,tobuyC.Havingpassed,buyD.Pass,tobuy,5._withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.A.ComparingB.TocompareC.ComparedD.Havingcompared,6.Herearesomenewcomputerprograms_forhomebuildings.A.designingB.designC.designedD.todesign7._alittlemoney,JimmywasabletobuyhismotheralovelynewlampA.TosaveB.SavingC.SavedD.Havingsaved,8.Theteachercameintotheclassroom_byhisstudents.A.followingB.tobefollowingC.followedD.havingfollowed9.Withthemoney_,hecouldntbuyanyticket.A.toloseB.losingC.lostD.haslost,10.Therewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatthespeakercouldntmakehimself_.A.beingheardB.hearingC.heardD.hear11.Theresultofthetestwasrather_.A.disappointedB.disappointingC.beingdisappointedD.disappoint,12.Iveneverheardtheword_inspokenEnglish.useB.usedC.usingD.beingused13._howtodothehomework,Iwenttoaskmyteacherforhelp.NottoknowB.NotknowingC.KnowingnotD.Notknown,14.Deeply_,Ithankedheragainandagain.beingmovingB.movedC.movingD.tobemoved15.Withwinter_on,itstimetobuywarmclothes.cameB.comesC.comeD.coming,16._theoffice,theforeignvisitorswereshownroundtheteachingbuilding.HavingshownB.ShowingC.HasshownD.Havingbeenshown17.Hewentfromdoortodoor,_wastepapersandmagazines.gatheringB.gatheredC.g