新形势下企业投融资渠道研究

当前的社会是一个经济迅猛发展的社会，这一社会环境不仅为园区企业的前进带来了诸多机遇，亦给其带来了很多挑战。不管哪种类型的企业，如果其希望在激烈的市场竞争中占据优势地位，那么它首先便必须拥有杰出的人才、优秀的管理团队、先进的技术和雄厚的资金。投融资系所有公司积累资金的关键渠道，园区企业亦是如此，所以，各园区企业理应给予自身投融资充分的重视，选用恰当的投融资渠道，以有效地确保自身的可持续发展。一、当前园区企业投融资过程中存在的不足（一）政府支持力度不足就目前而言，政府对园区企业投融资支持力度不足于较大程度大限制了我国园区企业的发展。如今，我国诸多大型公司均属国家控股类型，此种大型公司有政府做后盾，政府及财务等诸多部门会为它们供给许多政策优惠及资金支持，如此它们便可以轻而易举地筹得资金。与此同时，有了政府这一强大后盾，它们发行的股票亦特别容易得到民众的认可。但是囊括园区企业在内的中小企业的发展却特别困难，政府对其投入不足，支持力度不足或是有支持政策出台却很难有资金实际投入等因素的存在，造成了园区企业融资困难及资金很难得到保障的情况出现，同时亦给它们的创新经营、扩大再生产带来了诸多阻碍。（二）企业内部存在诸多不足现如今，我国园区企业内部投融资通常存在如下几方面的不足：其一，投资没有规划，造成投资盲目及和主营业务联系不紧密，甚至不具联系的情况出现。在此种环境下，企业便特别难筹到资金，即便可以顺利筹到资金，资金的使用亦将成为一大难题。其二，缺乏全面的投资决策机制。从项目挑选、投资及监管等诸多环节均带有特别强的主观性，投资决策权一般由一把手掌控。缺少民主决策的惯例，决策通常是在未展开相应调研及考察下做出的，科学性不高。其三，未给予项目企业应有的监管。财务监管质量的优劣对于园区企业综合经济实力的提升而言具有举足轻重的作用，然而当前我国绝大多数园区企业却均缺乏健全的财务监管体系，资金使用的透明度亦较低，更重要的是，诸多私营企业的财务管理工作者均系管理者的亲戚，财务工作者内部贪污现象特别严重。二、新形势下促进园区企业有序前进的投融资渠道研究（一）政府需加大对园区企业融资的政策支持创建向园区企业供给优惠贷款的专业性金融组织系扶持园区企业有序发展、缓和严峻就业形势的关键对策。国家需考虑创办专项发展基金给园区企业的可持续发展提供贷款补贴，或给它们经营创新、创新项目开发提供资金的支持，有效地缓解它们紧张的资金链。与此同时，国家亦需创建专门的园区企业创业风投基金，为那些资金不足，却拥有特别大发展潜力的园区企业供给支持，让它们能够顺利地打开市场。此外，政府还需进一步优化园区企业融资信用担保体系，改善公司信用评级机制，切实优化资本市场结构，为园区企业的全方位融资给予支持，推动中国资本利率的市场化，完成资源的合理配置，自根本上消除园区企业融资难的现象。（二）革新企业投融资途径，拓宽投融资规模当下，我国园区企业的融资途径比较单一，主要依靠银行贷款。此种单一的融资途径根本就无法较好地满足园区企业产品创新、经营创新的资金需求，所以各园区企业理应选用多元化投融资途径，以有效地促进自身的可持续发展：其一，主动创造条件，借助财政贴息及担保等诸多途径，将财政资金所具有的杠杆效应完美地发展出来；其二，主动选用如下手段，拓宽自身融资规模，以更好地满足自身建设对于资金的需求：信托借款；融资租赁；其三、充分利息互联网金融这一新的融资工具汇聚社会资金，为企业发展拓宽融资途径。（三）加强信息体制创建，努力降低自身融资风险园区企业加强自身信息体系创建系较好消除其外部融资难等不足的关键渠道及可靠保障。鉴于良好的信誉及较高的信用系公司成功获得融资的根本前提，所以各园区企业理应创建一整套完备的信用体系，优化与自身财务监管相关的规章制度，创建全面的公司内部监控及管理体制，有效地促进自身信用的提升。为更好地提高公司信用，各园区企业还应对以前的生产经营体制进行革新，瞄准市场需求，主动优化机械设施及生产环境，引进及培养一批兼具高技术及高素质的综合型人才，于前进及汇聚自身资本的前提下，努力健全公司财务管理体系与内部控制体系，主动制造与市场需求相符的高品质产品。此外，公司管理层还应给予自身社会信用评估机制应用的重视，借助完善自身社会信用评估机制，给自身的融资行为打下牢固的社会信用基础，以更好地降低公司的融资风险。三、结语综上所述，园区企业所选投融资途径的正确与否对于其自身的可持续发展而言具有决定性作用。所以为了有效地降低自身的投融资风险，促进自身的可持续发展，各园区企业理应从自身实际出发，正确利用政府政策支持，并革新企业投融资途径，加强信息体制创建，优化融资结构，努力降低融资风险等措施，拓宽自己的投融资渠道，实现自身的健康持续发展。The current society is a rapid economic development of society, the social environment not only for the development of enterprises in the park has brought many opportunities, but also to bring a lot of challenges. No matter what kind of enterprise, if it wants to occupy the dominant position in the fierce market competition. First, it must be have outstanding talent, excellent management team, advanced technology and abundant capital. Accumulation of capital investment and financing system all of the companys key channels, and the enterprises in the park is also true, so the park enterprises should give its investment and financing sufficient attention, selection of appropriate investment and financing channels, to effectively ensure the sustainable development of itself.First, the current investment and financing of the park enterprises in the process of the existing problems(a) the lack of government supportAt present, the government to the park enterprise investment and financing to support the strength is insufficient to a large extent limits the development of Chinas Park enterprises. Today, many large companies in China belong to the state holding type, such large companies have the backing of the government, the government and financial and other departments will offer many preferential policies and financial support for them, so they can easily raise funds. At the same time, with the strong backing of the government, they are also particularly vulnerable to the issue of the stock of the public recognition. But include park enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprise development is extremely difficult, inadequate government input to, support or lack of support of the introduction of the policy is very difficult to have the presence of actual capital investment and other factors, resulting in a park enterprises financing difficulties and funding is difficult to obtain security appear, also give their innovative business, expanded reproduction brought many obstacles.(two) there are many deficiencies in the enterpriseNowadays, park of our country enterprise investment and financing usually has the following several aspects: the investment without planning, resulting in blind investment and and main business are not closely linked, not even with contact situation. In such an environment, enterprises will be particularly difficult to raise funds, even if you can successfully raise funds, the use of funds will also become a major problem. Second, the lack of a comprehensive investment decision-making mechanism. From the selection of the project, investment and supervision, and many other aspects are particularly strong subjectivity, investment decision-making power is generally controlled by a palm. The lack of democratic decision-making practice, decisions are usually made in the absence of the relevant research and investigation, the scientific is not high. Third, did not give the project enterprises should be regulated. Relatives of the financial supervision of the quality of pros and cons for the comprehensive economic strength of the enterprises in the park has an important role, however current our country most of the enterprises in the park are lack of sound financial regulatory system and the transparency of the use of funds is also low, more important is, many private enterprises financial management workers were managers, financial workers internal corruption phenomenon is particularly serious.Two, under the new situation to promote the orderly progress of enterprises in the park investment and financing channels(a) the government needs to increase the policy support for corporate finance in the parkCreate professional financial organizations to provide preferential loans to the park enterprises to support the orderly development of enterprises in the park, the key measures to ease the severe employment situation. Countries need to consider it a special development fund providing subsidised loans to the sustainable development of the enterprises in the park, or give them an innovation, innovation project development funding support, effectively ease their tense capital chain. At the same time, the country also need to create a special park venture venture capital fund, for those funds, but has a special development potential of the park enterprise supply support, so that they can successfully open the market. In addition, the government still needs to further optimize the park enterprises financing credit guarantee system, improve the companys credit rating mechanism, effectively optimize the structure of the capital market, for the enterprises in the park, a full range of financial support, to promote the interest rate of Chinas capital market, complete the resource reasonable configuration, fundamentally eliminating the financing of the enterprises in the park.(two) innovative enterprises to invest and financing channels to broaden the scale of investment and financingAt present, the financing channels of Chinas Park enterprises are relatively simple, mainly rely on bank loans. This single financing way cannot satisfy the enterprise product innovation, business innovation and funding requirements, so the park enterprises should choose the financing way, in order to effectively promote their sustainable development: first, take the initiative to create conditions, by means of financial discount and guarantees and other ways, will leverage funds with the perfect development; secondly, the active selection means as follows, expand their scale of financing, in order to better meet their construction demand for funds: the trust loan; the financing lease; thirdly, the full interest of Internet banking in the new financing tool gather social funds, broaden the financing channels for the development of enterprises.(three) to strengthen the establishment of information system, and strive to reduce their own risk of financingPark enterprises to strengthen their own information system to create a better system to eliminate the lack of external financing and other issues of the key channels and reliable protection. In view of the fundamental premise of the good reputation and high credit for the companys success to obtain financing, so the park enterprises should create a set of complete credit system, optimization and related rules and regulations of its financial regulatory, create a comprehensive companys internal control and management system, effectively promote their cr